Portugal: 1139 - 1976 - Oxford Reference

Timeline: Portugal

Years: 1139 - 1976	Subject: Encyclopedias, Geographical reference
Publisher: HistoryWorld	Online Publication Date: 2012
Current online version: 2012	eISBN: 9780191736629

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Year	Event
1139	Victory over the Muslims at Ourique is seen as the moment of Portugal's independence from the kingdom of Leon Go to León in Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 12th century Politics Europe
1147	Alfonso I takes Lisbon from the Muslims, with the unexpected help of some passing English crusaders Go to Lisbon in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Crusades 12th century Politics Conquest and colonization Europe Wars and Revolutions Gilbert of Hastings, an English priest, becomes bishop of the recovered see of Lisbon - the first of many such links between England and Portugal Go to Lisbon in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 12th century Religion Christianity Europe
1385	The victory at Aljubarrota, securing the Portuguese throne for John I, is commemorated in the Dominican abbey called Batalha Go to Batalha (Portugal) in The Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 14th century Politics Dynasties and royalty Battles Europe
1386	John I, newly victorious in Portugal, proposes an alliance with England which has never been revoked Go to John I (1357–1433) in A Dictionary of World History (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Britain 1066-1500 14th century Politics British Isles Europe Britain
1415	A Portuguese prince, Henry the Navigator, becomes fascinated by exploration down the coast of Africa and commissions successive voyages Go to Henry the Navigator (1394–1460) in The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 15th century Exploration European empires from 1415 European empires in Africa Portuguese empire Africa Europe Society Empires
c. 1420	The Portuguese, discovering the lush and uninhabited island of Madeira, send colonists to settle it Go to Madeira in The Oxford Companion to Architecture (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 15th century Politics Conquest and colonization European empires from 1415 European empires in Africa Portuguese empire Africa Europe Empires
c. 1427	A Portuguese captain, sailing for Henry the Navigator, chances upon the Azores Go to Azores in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 15th century European empires from 1415 European empires in Africa Africa Europe Empires
1439	Portuguese settlers are sent to the unoccupied islands of the Azores Go to Azores in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 15th century European empires from 1415 European empires in Africa Africa Europe Empires
c. 1450	The caravel, a sailing ship developed in the Mediterranean and used down the west coast of Africa, is adapted by the Portuguese for Atlantic use Go to caravel in The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 15th century Travel and transport European empires from 1415 European empires in Africa Portuguese empire Africa Europe Society Empires
1456	A Portuguese navigator discovers some of the Cape Verde islands, tropical and at that time uninhabited Go to Cape Verde in A Dictionary of World History (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 15th century European empires from 1415 European empires in Africa Africa Europe Empires
1462	Portuguese settlers arrive to found Cidade Velha, on the Cape Verde island of Santiago Go to Cape Verde in A Dictionary of World History (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 15th century European empires from 1415 European empires in Africa Africa Europe Empires
1493	Pope Alexander VI draws a line through the Atlantic, dividing new discoveries between Spain (west) and Portugal (east) Go to Alexander VI (1431–1503) in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (2 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: Renaissance 15th century Italian Renaissance Politics Papacy European empires from 1415 Portuguese empire Spanish empire Europe Italy Spain Empires Latin America
1494	In negotiations about the New World at Tordesillas, the king of Portugal insists on a new demarcation line which later brings him Brazil Go to Tordesillas, Treaty of (7 June 1494) in A Dictionary of World History (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 15th century Politics European empires from 1415 Portuguese empire Europe Empires Latin America Brazil South America
1501	Italian navigator Amerigo Vespucci sets sail from Lisbon to explore to the south of the New World Go to Vespucci, Amerigo (1454–1512) in The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 16th century Exploration Europe Society Latin America South America
1541	Francis Xavier, companion of Ignatius Loyola and the first missionary of the Counter-Reformation, sets sail from Lisbon Go to Francis Xavier, St (1506–52) in The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (2 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 16th century Religion Christianity Monasticism Europe
1572	Luis de Camoëns publishes The Lusiads, the poem which becomes Portugal's national epic Go to Camões, Luis de (1524–80) in The Concise Oxford Companion to English Literature (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 16th century Literature Poetry Europe
1580	A Spanish army marches into Portugal to claim the crown for the king of Spain, Philip II Go to Philip II (1527–98) in A Dictionary of World History (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 16th century Politics Dynasties and royalty Europe Spain
1668	Spain finally accepts the independence of the kingdom of Portugal, after nearly a century of Spanish rule Go to Portugal in The Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 17th century Politics Europe Spain
1759	The Portuguese expel the Jesuits from Brazil, beginning a widespread reaction against the order in Catholic Europe Go to Jesuits in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Religion Christianity Monasticism Europe Latin America Brazil South America
1799	A Portuguese prince regent, the future John VI, rules on behalf of his deranged mother, Queen Maria Go to John VI (1767–1826) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 18th century Politics Dynasties and royalty Europe
1807	Napoleon launches an invasion of Portugal, increasing the likelihood of a Peninsular War Go to Peninsular War (1808–14) in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: Napoleonic Wars 19th century Napoleonic era War Europe Wars and Revolutions The Portuguese royal family flees to Brazil on the approach of a French army led by Jean-Andoche Junot Go to John VI (1769–1826) in A Dictionary of World History (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Napoleonic Wars 19th century Napoleonic era Politics Dynasties and royalty War Europe Wars and Revolutions Latin America Brazil South America
1808	A British army under Arthur Wellesley (later duke of Wellington) defeats the French at Vimeiro, near Lisbon Go to Vimeiro, battle of (1808) in A Dictionary of British History (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: Napoleonic Wars 19th century Napoleonic era War Battles Europe Wars and Revolutions
1809	British commander Arthur Wellesley builds the lines of Torres Vedras, to defend the promontory leading south to Lisbon Go to Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of (1769–1852) in A Dictionary of World History (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Napoleonic Wars 19th century Napoleonic era War Europe Wars and Revolutions
1821	The Cortes in Lisbon passes a liberal constitution which they persuade the king, John VI, to accept Go to John VI (1767–1826) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Politics Europe
1824	The Portuguese prince Dom Miguel briefly topples his father, John VI, from the throne Go to John VI (1769–1826) in A Dictionary of World History (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Politics Dynasties and royalty Europe
1826	Pedro I, emperor of Brazil, inherits the throne of Portugal (as Pedro IV) but continues to rule from Brazil Go to Pedro I (1798–1834) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Politics Dynasties and royalty Europe Latin America Brazil South America
1828	Dom Miguel swears allegiance to his brother, the Portuguese king Pedro IV, and becomes regent Go to Pedro I (1798–1834) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Politics Dynasties and royalty Europe Dom Miguel betrays his allegiance to his brother Pedro IV and usurps the Portuguese throne in a bloodless coup Go to Pedro I (1798–1834) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Politics Dynasties and royalty Europe
1834	Pedro IV removes his usurping brother Dom Miguel from the Portuguese throne and restores it to his daughter, Maria II Go to Pedro I (1798–1834) in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Politics Dynasties and royalty Europe
1836	The Portuguese ban the shipping of slaves from the coast of Angola Go to slave trade, African in A Dictionary of World History (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Slavery Dutch empire European empires from 1415 European empires in Africa Portuguese empire Africa South Africa Europe Society Empires
1875	Slavery is finally made illegal in the Portuguese empire Go to slave trade, abolition of in A Dictionary of World History (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 19th century Slavery Dutch empire Portuguese empire Europe Society Empires
1908	The king of Portugal, Carlos I, and his heir, Luis Filipe, are shot as they ride in an open carriage in Lisbon Go to Portugal in A Dictionary of Contemporary World History (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1900s 20th century Politics Dynasties and royalty Terrorism and assassination Europe
1910	A republican revolution in Portugal deposes Manuel II, bringing to an end the Braganza dynasty and the Portuguese monarchy Go to Portugal in A Dictionary of World History (2 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Politics Dynasties and royalty Europe
1914	Calouste Gulbenkian earns his nickname – Mr Five Percent – from the share he receives for negotiating oil deals in the Ottoman empire Go to Gulbenkian, Calouste Sarkis (1869–1955) in Who's Who in the Twentieth Century (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1910s 20th century Commerce and industry Turks Europe Society The new republican government of Portugal offers Britain support in the war Go to Portugal in Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern World (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: First World War 1910s 20th century War Europe Wars since 1900
1926	A coup in Portugal brings in a military dictatorship, in which general António óscar de Fragoso Carmona soon emerges as the leader Go to Carmona, António Oscar de Fragoso (b. 24 Nov. 1869) in A Dictionary of Contemporary World History (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1920s 20th century Politics Europe
1932	Antonio de Oliveira Salazar becomes prime minister of Portugal with dictatorial powers Go to Salazar, António de Oliveira (b. 8 Apr. 1889) in A Dictionary of Contemporary World History (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s 20th century Politics Europe
1939	September 1 - Spain and Portugal declare that they will maintain their neutrality in the European war that now seems inevitable Go to neutrality in World Encyclopedia (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1930s Second World War 20th century Politics War Europe Spain Wars since 1900
1968	Antonio de Salazar, the Portuguese dictator, suffers a stroke and is replaced by Marcelo Caetano Go to Caetano, Marcello José das Neves Alves (b. 17 Aug. 1906) in A Dictionary of Contemporary World History (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1960s 20th century Politics Europe
1974	A military coup in Portugal ends four decades of Salazar's and Caetano's dictatorial New State Go to Caetano, Marcello José das Neves Alves (17 Aug. 1906) in A Dictionary of Political Biography (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1970s 20th century Politics Europe
1976	Portugal adopts a democratic constitution after 43 years of dictatorship Go to Portugal in A Dictionary of Contemporary World History (3 ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1970s 20th century Politics Democracy and dissent Europe Mario Soares becomes Portugal's first democratically elected prime minister in half a century Go to Soares, Mário Alberto Nobre Lopes (29 Dec. 1924) in A Dictionary of Political Biography (1 rev ed.) See this event in other timelines: 1970s 20th century Politics Europe

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