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Toga Reference library
Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase & Fable (19 ed.)
... The distinctive public garb of the Roman citizen, consisting of a single semicircular piece of white woollen cloth worn in a flowing fashion round the shoulders and body. The Romans were hence the Gens togata , the ‘togaed people’. It was also worn by freed women and prostitutes (respectable women wore the stola ). See also gallia bracata ; gens bracata ; pallium . Toga candida A new toga whitened with chalk, worn by candidates for public office when they appeared before the people. Toga picta The toga embroidered with golden stars that was worn by...
toga Reference library
The Oxford Companion to Classical Literature (3 ed.)
...shoulder to hang down at the back. It became the distinctive badge of Roman citizenship. The ordinary toga virilis (‘man's toga’) was entirely white; the toga praetex(ta)ta (‘bordered toga’) had a purple hem and was worn by certain priests and magistrates, and by high-born boys before they received the toga virilis on reaching manhood. Girls wearing the toga wore the praetexta until they married. The toga was an uncomfortable garment and needed frequent cleaning, but it was dignified and was obligatory dress on formal occasions, even in imperial times...
toga Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World
... The toga was the principal garment of the free‐born Roman man. It was usually made of undyed light wool, but for mourning was of dark wool, and, for children of high birth and the holders of high office, it had a purple praetexta border along its upper edge. A decorated version worn by victorious commanders in triumphal processions, the toga picta , was made of purple wool and gold thread. In shape the toga was a very large semicircle, a single piece of cloth. It was worn without a fastening and the wearer had to keep his left arm crooked to support its...
Toga Reference library
Nancy Patterson Ševčenko
The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium
... , Roman outer garment, draped around the body in such a way that the right arm remained free. The distinguishing mark of a Roman citizen, it did not long survive the imperial administration's move from Rome to Constantinople. Ordinary people had come to prefer the himation already by the 2nd C., and wearing of the toga was gradually restricted to specific officials (among them senators, consuls, and the emperor, and their wives and mothers) on ceremonial occasions. Silk replaced the original wool fabric. The color of the toga was usually white, but other...
Toga Reference library
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome
...It was customarily left the natural off-white color of wool ( toga pura ), but was colored for special functions. Notably, certain officeholders wore a toga with a purple stripe ( toga praetexta ). During the Republic, a purple toga decorated with gold thread ( toga picta ) was worn by the commander during a triumph; under the Empire only the emperor wore the toga picta , or the undecorated purple toga ( toga purpurea ), which had originally been worn by Etruscan kings. Donning the toga was an elaborate process. The Republican draping is best seen on the...
toga Reference library
Maria Parani
The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity
... The ample draped garment that was the distinctive attire of the free-born Roman man; for Vergil the Romans were precisely gens togata ( Aeneid , I, 282). In Late Antiquity, togas were not everyday but ceremonial garments (cf. CTh XIV, 10, 1). In the provinces (e.g. at Aphrodisias ), a form of toga appears on portrait sculpture down to the early 6th century . John Lydus (Mag. I, 28, 4-5) claimed to be able to remember when city councillors , not only in Rome but also in provincial cities , never wore anything but white formal dress Maria...
toga Reference library
Hero Granger-Taylor
The Oxford Classical Dictionary (4 ed.)
... The toga was the principal garment of the free-born Roman male. It was also worn by Etruscan men and originally also by women. It was usually made of undyed light wool, but for mourning was of dark wool, the toga pulla , and, for boys of high birth and the holders of certain offices, it had a purple praetexta border along its upper edge. A decorated version worn by victorious commanders in triumphal processions, the toga picta or trabea triumphalis , was made of purple wool and gold thread. In shape the toga was a very large semicircle, a single...
toga Reference library
Hero Granger-Taylor
The Oxford Companion to Classical Civilization (2 ed.)
... The toga was the principal garment of the free-born Roman male. It was also worn by Etruscan men and originally also by women. It was usually made of undyed light wool, but for mourning was of dark wool, the toga pulla , and, for boys of high birth and the holders of certain offices, it had a purple praetexta border along its upper edge. A decorated version worn by victorious commanders in triumphal processions ( see triumph ), the toga picta or trabea triumphalis , was made of purple wool and gold thread. In shape the toga was a very large...
toga picta Reference library
Maria Parani
The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity
... picta Also known as the trabea triumphalis , the toga picta was the most elaborate version of the toga and formed part of Roman consular dress worn by the emperor , consuls , and triumphing generals. The consular toga picta , made of purple cloth and gold thread, is represented on consular ivory diptychs down to 540 . By the 6th century , the gem-encrusted border of the imperial toga picta had developed into the loros . Maria Parani Delbrueck , Consulardiptychen ,...
tŏgā'ta, fabula (‘a play in a toga’) Reference library
The Oxford Companion to Classical Literature (3 ed.)
...'ta, fabula (‘a play in a toga’) These fabulae were Roman comedies of the second century bc about Italian life and characters, set in some small Italian town. Nothing of them has survived except for a few titles and quotations. Afranius was the chief...
toga Quick reference
The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology
... XVI. — L., rel. to tegere cover. Hence togaed ( -ED 2 ) XIX; earlier † toged (XVII). Based on L. togātus...
toga Quick reference
New Oxford Rhyming Dictionary (2 ed.)
... • dogger , flogger, Hoggar, hogger, jogger, logger, slogger, Wagga Wagga • brolga , Olga, Volga • conga , conger, donga, Rarotonga • pettifogger • footslogger • cataloguer ( US cataloger) • auger , augur • ogre , Saratoga, toga, yoga • beluga , cougar, Kaluga, Kruger, Luger • sugar , Zeebrugge • bugger , hugger, lugger, mugger, plugger, rugger, slugger, Srinagar, tugger • mulga , vulgar • hunger , sangha, Younger • scandalmonger • scaremonger • fishmonger • warmonger , whoremonger • ironmonger • hugger-mugger • costermonger •...
toga noun Reference library
The Oxford Essential Dictionary of Foreign Terms in English
... noun E17 Latin (related to tegere to cover). 1 E17 Roman History A loose flowing outer garment worn by a Roman citizen, made of a single piece of cloth and covering the whole body apart from the right arm. 2 M18 transferred and figurative A robe of office; a professional gown; a mantle of responsibility,...
toga Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable (2 ed.)
... a loose flowing outer garment worn by the citizens of ancient Rome, made of a single piece of cloth and covering the whole body apart from the right arm. The word is Latin, and is related to tegere ‘to...
