sharawadgi Reference library
Patrick Taylor
The Oxford Companion to the Garden
... is a term that first appears in print in William Temple 's Upon the Gardens of Epicurus; or, Of Gardening, in the Year 1685 ( 1692 ). Temple wrote that the Chinese preferred an irregular or informal style of planting ‘without any Order or Disposition of Parts’ and where this is achieved ‘they say the Sharawadgi is fine’. However, no one has ever found any Chinese word corresponding to sharawadgi and the matter remained a puzzle until Ciaran Murray wrote an article, ‘ Sharawadgi resolved’, in Garden History (Vol. 26: No. 2, 1998 ). Here it...
Sharawadgi Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of Architecture (4 ed.)
... , also Sharawaggi 1. First used by Sir William Temple in his Upon the Gardens of Epicurus ( 1685 ) to describe the Chinese way of planting in an apparently haphazard manner ‘without any Order of Disposition of Parts’, the term was popularized in mid-C18 England to describe irregularity, asymmetry, and the Picturesque qualities of being surprising through graceful disorder, and so was applied to irregular gardens, known as Chinese , or as les jardins anglo-chinois , embellished with Chinese bridges with fretwork railings and...
sharawadgi
jardin anglo-chinois
anglo-chinois
English garden
William Temple
landscape gardening
jardin anglo-chinois Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of Architecture (4 ed.)
...anglo-chinois French term for the informal type of ‘natural’ garden. See also sharawadgi . M & T ( 1991 ) ; Pa & Pl (eds) ( 1977 )...
anglo-chinois Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of Architecture (4 ed.)
...French term for a type of irregular informal landscape-garden supposedly evolved from Chinese prototypes and embellished with buildings in the Chinese Taste popularized by Chambers . See chinese garden ; chinoiserie ; sharawadgi...
English garden Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of Architecture (4 ed.)
...asymmetrical, ‘natural’ type of landscape evolved in C18, associated with L. Brown, H. Repton , and others, and widely copied in Europe, where it was called jardin anglo-chinois because of its apparent haphazard design. It was associated with the Picturesque and Sharawadgi . D.Coffin ( 1994 ) ; D.Wa ( 1982 a )...
Bateman, Hon. Richard (1705–73) Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of Architecture (4 ed.)
...Hon. Richard ( 1705–73 ) English connoisseur / collector / architectural patron , he appreciated Chinese aesthetics and promoted Sharawadgi . Introduced to things Gothic by Walpole , he caused the Church of St John the Evangelist, Shobdon, Herefs., to be rebuilt ( 1749–56 ) in Strawberry-Hill Gothick , incorporating elements derived from Kent , Langley , and others (possibly including Richard Bentley , Flitcroft , Garrett , William Robinson , and Vardy ). Brooks & Pe ( 2012 ) ; Co ( 2008 ) ; J.Curl ( 2011 a ) ; McCarthy ( 1987 )...
borrowed landscape Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of Architecture (4 ed.)
...work by Bruce (e.g. inclusion of the ruin of Lochleven Castle into views at Kinross House, Perth and Kinross ( 1686–93 )), and in C18 Addison , Kent , and Switzer advocated such an approach, facilitated, of course, by the ha-ha . See japanese garden ; jie jing ; sharawadgi . Bond (ed.) ( 1987 ) ; Kraushaar (ed.) ( 2010 ) ; Switzer ( 1980 ) ; Tay ( 2006 )...
Temple, Sir William, Bt. (1628–99) Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of Architecture (4 ed.)
...Sir William, Bt. ( 1628–99 ) English diplomat / author / garden-theorist , he created a garden at Moor Park, Herts., containing an early example of Sharawadgi (a topic on which he wrote in his Upon the Gardens of Epicurus ) in the wilderness through which wound serpentine paths . With Bacon and Wotton he was receptive to the idea of making visible countryside beyond the garden for aesthetic reasons, anticipating C18 developments. He also advocated creating ‘wildernesses’ to deceive onlookers to believe they were real thickets . H & W (...
Temple, Sir William Reference library
Patrick Taylor
The Oxford Companion to the Garden
...garden at Moor Park (Surrey). A drawing of c .1690 shows it to have been a generally conventional layout of parterres on the grand scale. However, behind a palissade à l'italienne to one side is a wilderness through which wind serpentine walks. Is this an example of the sharawadgi , or irregularity, which Temple ascribed to Chinese gardens in his Upon the Gardens of Epicurus ( 1692 )? Fragments only of Moor Park survive today. Temple named his garden after Moor Park in Hertfordshire—‘the perfectest Figure of a Garden I ever saw’—which was laid out for...
Chinoiserie Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of Architecture (4 ed.)
...rather than fanciful perspective. Strickland designed the Pagoda and Labyrinth Garden, Philadelphia, PA (1823–8), and there were many instances where English pattern-books informed forays into American Chinoiserie . See chinese garden-design ; jardin anglo-chinois ; sharawadgi . Addison ( 1712 ) ; Chen ( 1984 , 2003 , 2008 ) ; Conner ( 1979 ) ; Cooper ( 1709 , 1714 ) ; Goodrich & Chaoying Fang (eds) ( 1976 ) ; Gothein (1979); Halfpenny ( 1968 a & c ) ; Honour ( 1961 ) ; Impey ( 1977 ) ; Jacobson ( 1993 ) ; Ji (2012); Krafft ( 1809–10 )...
Chinese garden-design Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of Architecture (4 ed.)
...by Marco Polo ( c. 1254–1324)) at Shang-tu (Xanadu). Absorption was not confined to invaders: thanks to trade, aspects of Chinese garden-design made their way across the oceans, and had a huge impact on Japan and then the West. See chinoiserie ; jardin anglo-chinois ; sharawadgi . Addison ( 1712 ) ; Chen ( 1984 , 2003 , 2008 ) ; Conner ( 1979 ) ; Cooper ( 1709 , 1714 ) ; Goodrich & Chaoying Fang (eds) ( 1976 ) ; Gothein (1979); Ji (2012); Keswick ( 1986 ) ; Krafft ( 1809–10 ) ; E.Morris ( 1983 ) ; Laar (1802); Mason ( 1768 ) ; Osbeck ( 1771...
Japanese garden-design Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of Architecture (4 ed.)
...which tell us a great deal about the subject. It appears to have been through trade involving ‘factories’ of Western organizations such as the Dutch East India Company (which had premises at Deshima, Nagasaki, in C17) that ideas about irregular, asymmetrical design ( see sharawadgi ) began to filter Westwards. Towards the end of the Edo dynasty ( 1600–1868 ) and the commencement of the Meiji period ( 1868–1912 ), Japanese culture became accessible to the West, prompting an enthusiasm for things Japanese ( see japonaiserie ). Apart from earlier...
landscape-garden Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of Architecture (4 ed.)
...by Sir William Temple , who, in Upon the Garden of Epicurus (1685), contrasted the ‘symmetries, or uniformities’ of formal European with irregular and asymmetrical so-called Chinese gardens (which he described as ‘without any order or disposition of parts’, called Sharawadgi ). Not long afterwards, A.A. Cooper , in The Moralists (1709), scorned the ‘formal mockery’ of what he described as ‘princely’ gardens, contrasting them with the beauties of natural landscapes, the ‘genuine order’ of which was uncorrupted by artifice or ‘caprice’. In The...
Landscape and Gardens Reference library
Encyclopedia of the Enlightenment
...justification for the latter claim: the British manifestation of the intermittently resuscitated Enlightenment vogue for “sharawadgi,” or chinoiserie , dates at least from William Temple's Upon the Gardens of Epicurus ( 1692 ). There the term connotes little more than a general approval of irregularity and variety, in the context of the formal symmetry of continental design. Half a century later, William Chambers promoted sharawadgi more vigorously through his plans for the buildings and grounds at Kew and in his Designs of Chinese Buildings ( 1757 )....
