reciprocal trading
Commercial dealings between organizations for mutual benefit where each can be, at different times, both buyer and seller.
reciprocal trading Quick reference
A Dictionary of Marketing (4 ed.)
... trading Commercial dealings between organizations for mutual benefit where each can be, at different times, both buyer and seller...
reciprocal trading
Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act Reference library
The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military
... Trade Agreements Act an act passed by Congress in 1934 to authorize the president to establish tariff-reduction agreements with foreign countries and without Congressional approval. Based on an idea proposed by Secretary of State Cordell Hull , it encouraged mutually beneficial negotiations and trade with foreign governments, and it led to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade of 1947...
Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act
47 The History of the Book in Canada Reference library
Patricia Lockhart Fleming
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...stability prevailed in Toronto. Britain had joined the *Berne Convention for international copyright in 1886 ; new copyright laws were in force in Canada and the US, and a reciprocal Anglo-American agreement for the protection of copyrights was signed in 1891 . Books took their place among other important commodities such as groceries, hardware, and dry goods in the expanding trade journal empire of *Maclean-Hunter with the launch of Canadian Printer and Publisher in 1892 . Books and Notions , published since 1884 , became Bookseller and Stationer ...
48 The History of the Book in America Reference library
Scott E. Casper and Joan Shelley Rubin
The Oxford Companion to the Book
... (1998) C. N. Davidson , ed., Reading in America (1989) K. C. Davis , Two-Bit Culture (1984) DLB 46, 49 J. Eddy , Bookwomen (2006) J. Epstein , Book Business (2001) S. Fink and S. S. Williams , eds., Reciprocal Influences (1999) J. Gilreath , ‘ American Book Distribution ’, PAAS 95 (1985–6), 501–83 J. N. Green , ‘The Book Trade in the Middle Colonies’, in HBA 1 — ‘English Books and Printing in the Age of Franklin’, in HBA 1 — and P. Stallybrass , Benjamin Franklin, Writer and Printer (2006) P. C. Gutjahr , An American Bible (1999) —...
Poverty Reference library
An Oxford Companion to the Romantic Age
...submissive and off the parish accounts. In this way it merely refashioned employees' ‘natural’ dependence on their employers, as a pattern of fluid and contractual economic relationships based on individual self-interest in place of an older pattern of fixed social ranks and reciprocal duties. By 1800 , the characterization of dependence was well established. It undermined older distinctions between the deserving and undeserving poor, those willing to work and those unwilling, and so discredited much contemporary poor law practice. Self-sufficiency was not...
Shari‘a and Basic Human Rights Concerns Reference library
‘Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na‘im
Liberal Islam: A Sourcebook
...among all human beings rather than just among the members of a particular group, I would argue that universal human rights are those which a cultural tradition would claim for its own members and must therefore concede to members of other traditions if it is to expect reciprocal treatment from those others. In content and substance, I submit that universal human rights are based on the two primary forces that motivate all human behavior, the will to live and the will to be free. 12 Through the will to live, human beings have always striven to secure...
Into Exile: From the Assyrian Conquest of Israel to the Fall of Babylon Reference library
Mordechai Cogan
Oxford History of the Biblical World
...Eastern monarchs was the upkeep of temples and the maintenance of worship that took place in them, through gifts and dedications, notably after military victories. Inscriptions from as early as the third millennium bce record such royal benefaction and voice the hope that reciprocal divine blessing will be showered upon the donor and his offspring. Josiah's initiative vis-à-vis the Temple of Jerusalem falls within the category of periodic repair and remodeling. But unlike the instances where the expenses were covered by royal donation, the present work was...
A Land Divided: Judah and Israel from the Death of Solomon to the Fall of Samaria Reference library
Edward F. Campbell Jr.
Oxford History of the Biblical World
...about the historical settings of the battles in 1 Kings 20 and 22 , the account in 20.31–34 speaks of the relationship between the Israelite king and the Syrian king as one of “brotherhood”—that is, treaty-connection—and the placement of bazaars in Damascus and Samaria means reciprocal commercial activity. Less certain is the frequent proposal that ninth-century destruction levels at Dan or Hazor or Shechem result from Syrian military incursions. The stela from Dan is a case in point. Hazael has clashed with Jehoram of Israel and Ahaziah of Judah...
Colossians Reference library
Jerome Murphy-O'Connor, OP and Jerome Murphy-O'Connor, OP
The Oxford Bible Commentary
...). It is made possible in, through, and by Christ; thus it must mirror his comportment. But Jesus was sent because of God's fatherly concern for humanity ( 1:12 ), and so in the last analysis gratitude must be directed to God. Generic directives are followed by three pairs of reciprocal admonitions dealing with the relations of wife–husband, child–father, and slave–master ( 3:18–4:1 ). The nature of the socio-religious matrix in which such household codes were formulated has occasioned vigorous debate ( Balch 1992 ), whose inconclusiveness is the inevitable...
Job Reference library
James L. Crenshaw and James L. Crenshaw
The Oxford Bible Commentary
...( cf. Hab 2:2 for a prophetic message being publicly displayed). The image of a prince with an indictment for a crown corresponds to Job's ambiguous situation itself. The final oath ( vv. 38–40 ) touches on his relationship with the land. The ancients viewed society and land reciprocally; crimes against one another affected the land adversely. Furthermore, respect for the land required proper treatment, including a practice of periodic release from cultivation. Job's oath seems to echo the story about unavenged blood crying out to God. The full form of the...
Acts Reference library
Loveday Alexander and Loveday Alexander
The Oxford Bible Commentary
...were totally illiterate, just that they had not attained the professional educational levels of the ‘elders and scribes’). This élitist perspective is reinforced by the Council's ‘us’ and ‘them’ attitude to ‘the people’ ( vv. 16, 17, 21 )—an attitude which, Luke implies, is reciprocal ( v. 21 ). ‘Boldness’ ( parrhēsia v. 13 ) is not physical courage so much as ‘frankness’ or ‘freedom of speech’, a philosophical virtue particularly admired by the Greeks. The apostles' refusal to be silenced ( v. 19 ) is a classic statement of philosophical parrhēsia ....
1 Chronicles Reference library
H. P. Mathys, H. P. Mathys, and H. P. Mathys
The Oxford Bible Commentary
...the king and the people. Since the Chronicler has already introduced the second in v. 3 , he limits his description to the first (according to the Hebrew text) between Jehoiada, the people, and the king (although the people are mentioned first, unlike the source). God is not a reciprocal partner in the covenant; the human partner alone has obligations—towards God ( cf. 15:12 ). vv. 18–19 describe positive cultic reforms. In Chronicles, these occur at times when the legitimate temple service has entirely collapsed. Jehoiada organizes the offices (priests and...
reciprocity treaty
ACP states
pan-Americanism
cliens
Cordell Hull
