phanerophyte Quick reference
A Dictionary of Plant Sciences (4 ed.)
... One of Raunkiaer ’s life-form categories, being a plant whose perennating buds or shoot apices are borne on aerial shoots. Such plants are the least protected of those in Raunkiaer’s scheme and therefore are most typical of environments where drought, cold, and exposure to strong winds are relatively infrequent. Several sub-categories are recognized, the most universal being: ( a ) evergreen phanerophytes without bud scales (tropical trees) or with bud scales; and ( b ) deciduous phanerophytes. These groups may be subdivided further according to...
phanerophyte Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ecology (5 ed.)
... One of Raunkiaer’s life-form categories, being a plant whose perennating buds or shoot apices are borne on aerial shoots. Such plants are the least protected of those in Raunkiaer’s scheme and therefore are most typical of environments where drought, cold, and exposure to strong winds are relatively infrequent. Several subcategories are recognized, the most universal being: ( a ) evergreen phanerophytes without bud scales (tropical trees) or with bud scales; and ( b ) deciduous phanerophytes. These groups may be subdivided further according to...
phanerophyte Quick reference
A Dictionary of Biology (8 ed.)
...phanerophyte A plant life form in Raunkiaer’s system of classification ( see physiognomy ). Phanerophytes are large shrubs and trees in which the overwintering (perennating) buds are located high above the ground. The buds are thus at risk of exposure to drought stress or frost, and such plants occur mainly in regions where frost and drought are uncommon, such as the...
phanerophyte
cryptophyte
biochore
Raunkiaer's life-form classification
chamaephyte
therophyte
hemicryptophyte
physiognomy
Raunkiaer’s life-form classification Quick reference
A Dictionary of Plant Sciences (4 ed.)
...life-form classification A classification of plants, proposed by the Danish botanist and ecologist C. Raunkiaer , based on the position of perennating buds in relation to the soil surface. See also chamaephyte ; epiphyte ; geophyte ; hemicryptophyte ; phanerophyte ; therophyte...
Raunkiaer’s life-form classification Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ecology (5 ed.)
...life-form classification A classification of plants, proposed by the Danish botanist C. Raunkiaer , based on the position of perennating buds in relation to the soil surface. See also chamaephyte ; epiphyte ; geophyte ; hemicryptophyte ; phanerophyte ; therophyte...
cryptophyte Quick reference
A Dictionary of Plant Sciences (4 ed.)
...the perennating bud lies below the ground or water surface. The groups geophytes, helophytes, and hydrophytes are distinguished by the environment in which the perennating bud is found, i.e. land, marsh, and water respectively. Compare hemicryptophyte ; chamaephyte ; phanerophyte ; therophyte...
therophyte Quick reference
A Dictionary of Plant Sciences (4 ed.)
...conditions are favourable and survive unfavourable conditions (e.g. heat or competition) as seeds; they are thus annual or ephemeral plants. Therophytes are very typical of desert environments and cultivated land. Compare chamaephyte ; cryptophyte ; hemicryptophyte ; phanerophyte...
biochore Quick reference
A Dictionary of Plant Sciences (4 ed.)
...of many precursors of the ecosystem concept. The term is also used by Raunkiaer to describe precise biological boundaries between major climatically determined plant regions and their main subdivisions, as identified by his life-form recording system (i.e. percentages of phanerophytes , chamaephytes ,...
therophyte Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ecology (5 ed.)
...conditions are favourable and survives unfavourable conditions (e.g. heat or competition) as seed ; it is thus an annual or ephemeral plant. Therophytes are very typical of desert environments and cultivated land. Compare chamaephyte ; cryptophyte ; hemicryptophyte ; phanerophyte...
cryptophyte Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ecology (5 ed.)
...the perennating bud lies below the ground or water surface. The groups geophytes, helophytes, and hydrophytes are distinguished by the environment in which the perennating bud is found (i.e. land, marsh, and water respectively). Compare chamaephyte ; hemicryptophyte ; phanerophyte ; therophyte...
biochore Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ecology (5 ed.)
...of many precursors of the ecosystem concept. The term is also used by Raunkiaer to describe precise biological boundaries between major climatically determined plant regions and their main subdivisions, as identified by his life-form recording system (i.e. percentages of phanerophytes , chamaephytes ,...
chamaephyte Quick reference
A Dictionary of Plant Sciences (4 ed.)
...axes near the ground; ( c ) active chamaephyte, which also produces buds on horizontal stems, but as the more normal growth form of the plant; and ( d ) cushion chamaephyte, which is essentially a compacted suffruticose chamaephyte. Compare cryptophyte ; hemicryptophyte ; phanerophyte ; therophyte...
