pay-for-knowledge Quick reference
A Dictionary of Human Resource Management (3 ed.)
...pay-for-knowledge is a payment system in which pay increases are linked to the successful completion of training. Pay-for-knowledge can form part of a set of high performance work practices because it promotes skill formation and employee development. It can also support a system of teamworking in which employees are required to work flexibly, moving across traditional task and occupational boundaries within the team. See also skill-based pay...
pay-for-knowledge
Rethinking Islam Today Reference library
Mohamed Arkoun
Liberal Islam: A Sourcebook
...trends for research. In this spirit, here are six fundamental heuristic lines of thinking to recapitulate Islamic knowledge and to confront it with contemporary knowledge in the process of elaboration. 1. Human beings emerge as such in societies through various changing uses. Each use in the society is converted into a sign of this use, which means that realities are expressed through languages as systems of signs. Signs are the radical issue for a...
Human History as Divine Revelation: A Dialogue Reference library
Mazrui Ali A.
Islam in Transition: Muslim Perspectives (2 ed.)
...Executions (b) Amputations (c) Freeing a slave or paying another fine (d) Compensation to crime victims (e) Flogging (whipping) (f) Stoning (g) Exile Some of the above are Mosaic, some Qur'anic, while others found their way into the Shari’a Code from other sources. But you now tell me that there were prisons . Was I wrong in my assumption that the Qur'an did not prescribe prison terms (e.g., six years for first offender in robbery; seven years for zakat-evasion; ten years in prison for not fasting during Ramadhan). I am not being sarcastic....
The Second Message of Islam Reference library
Mahmoud Mohamed Taha
Liberal Islam: A Sourcebook
...of means for the mind to refresh itself from business. We celebrate games and sacrifices all the year round, and the elegance of our private establishments forms a daily source of pleasure and helps to banish the spleen; while the magnitude of our city draws the produce of the world into our harbor, so that to the Athenian the fruits of other countries are as familiar a luxury as those of his own. . . . We cultivate refinement without extravagance and knowledge without effeminacy; wealth we employ more for use than for show, and...
Islam and Modernity Reference library
Fazlur Rahman
Liberal Islam: A Sourcebook
...I am making here—that a knowledge that does not expand the horizons of one's vision and action is truncated and injurious knowledge. But how can one have knowledge of the “ends” of life—that is, of higher values—without knowing actual reality? If the Muslim modernist has done nothing else, he has adduced such formidable evidence from the Qur'an for the absolute necessity to faith of a knowledge of the universe, of man, and of history, that all Muslims today at least pay lip service to it. But, by contrast, the Muslim attitude to knowledge in the later medieval...
Islam and Violence: Our Forgotten Legacy Reference library
Abou El Fadl Khaled
Islam in Transition: Muslim Perspectives (2 ed.)
...for analytical or critical thought, and there is no room for seriously engaging Islamic intellectual heritage. There is only room for bombastic dogma, and for a stark functionalism that ultimately impoverishes Islamic heritage. This, perhaps, is nowhere as clearly apparent as in the treatment of the issue of jihad and violence in modern Islam. Jihad is a core principle in Islamic theology; it means to strive, to apply oneself, to struggle, and persevere. In many ways, jihad connotes a strong spiritual and material work ethic in Islam. Piety, knowledge,...
1 Corinthians Reference library
John Barclay and John Barclay
The Oxford Bible Commentary
...for work completed. But he is not a free agent, he is ‘entrusted with a commission’, that is, working for Christ as his slave-steward ( v. 17 ; the same metaphor as in 4:1–2 ). Slaves do not get pay (‘reward’) just for doing what their owners tell them to do. Paul's ‘reward’ (pay) is to do what he has been instructed to do under very special conditions: to make the gospel ‘free of charge’. Ironically, then, his spiritual pay is to receive no financial pay for the fulfilment of his task ( v. 18 ). This might look like a form of self-interest, to get some...
20b The History of the Book in Britain, 1801–1914 Reference library
Leslie Howsam
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...changing society. Much of that change was painful, and for many the experience of reading was a source of comfort or consolation; for others it was an opportunity to acquire useful knowledge or adhere to a system of belief. Men and women of all social ranks were readers, writers, and publishers, but a passion for the acquisition of literacy was particularly conspicuous in the working class. William Lovett ( 1800–1877 ) characterized his ‘life and struggles’ in terms of ‘the pursuit of bread, knowledge and freedom’. In *printing offices and *bookseller s’...
Islamic Culture in Danger Reference library
Muhammad Shahrur
Islam in Transition: Muslim Perspectives (2 ed.)
...there was money taken for the treasury of the state from Jews and Christians in the name of head tax. This money was spent on all. Now believers and non-believers have become citizens and the state does not have need of the sadaqat or the jizya because it has its special budget and numerous taxes, so the concept of jizya and dhimmis (protected people) has been completely abrogated for the good of the concept of citizen. All pay taxes to the state; taxes are the common denominator for all individuals of the society. Every man pays his sadaqat ...
The Poor Quick reference
David Hey
The Oxford Companion to Local and Family History (2 ed.)
...at local record offices. These include bastardy papers , which attempted to identify the fathers of illegitimate children and make them pay for maintenance. This formal system of relief was supplemented by much informal charity. It was widely accepted that Christians had a duty to provide for the poor, a message that was delivered repeatedly from the pulpit. It was customary, when making a will, to leave small doles for those parish poor who came to the funeral, and every church had its poor‐box, in which donations were placed on Sundays. Below the church...
Family History Quick reference
Anthony Camp
The Oxford Companion to Local and Family History (2 ed.)
...that only a limited knowledge of social history or palaeography is necessary for the construction of a pedigree. Its practical effect is that most work by the local societies in Britain concentrates on the modern period, and Americans coming to Britain to search for ancestors in the 17th century find any work in original records doubly difficult. As an enthusiasm for the subject has gone further down the social scale, an interest in and the exploration of more recent records of every description has grown apace. For many genealogists, for instance, access to...
Landscape History: The Countryside Quick reference
H. S. A. Fox
The Oxford Companion to Local and Family History (2 ed.)
...appear recently—is Alan Everitt , Continuity and Colonization: The Evolution of Kentish Settlement ( 1986 ), which convincingly argues, for Kent, that in some pays dispersed settlement may have ancient, pre‐English roots, whereas in others, notably the Weald, it was of a secondary type, as in Arden. Three advances in our knowledge since the publication of The Making of the English Landscape should be singled out for special attention. The first is the emerging consensus which places the origins of nucleated settlements in village landscapes towards the...
Epilogue Reference library
John Rogerson
The Oxford Illustrated History of the Bible
...studies we have here, it seems to me, a powerful justification for the classical methods of source criticism and form- and redaction criticism; a justification for the need for a knowledge of the social and intellectual milieu of ancient Israel within the larger ancient Near East and of the early church in its Judaeo-Hellenistic-Roman context. We have a defence of scholarly attempts to establish the communicative intentions of the biblical writers. But we also have a justification for refusing to be satisfied simply with trying to establish the...
Islamic Faith and the Problem of Pluralism: Relations Among the Believers Reference library
Madjid Nurcholish
Islam in Transition: Muslim Perspectives (2 ed.)
...supporters of this covenant, that is, to pay the jizyah (the poll-tax), except those who are musta’min (i.e. those who are treated as non-residents, and therefore are exempt from paying tax—NM). They (the Christians) shall not be forced or coerced. There shall be no change to their buildings, or to their monasteries, or to their shrines, or to their surroundings. No building within their synagogues or churches shall be demolished, nor shall the property of their churches be taken to build mosques or houses for Muslims. Whoever commits such things breaks...
The Medina Document Reference library
Ali Bulaç
Liberal Islam: A Sourcebook
...proper and approved principles of justice among the believers. 12. The Muslims shall not leave anyone among them under financial burden (in this situation), and shall pay the debts thereof, arising from ransoms for war prisoners and costs of bloodshed, according to the proper and approved principles. 12B. No Muslim shall oppose the mawla (person with whom a contractual brotherhood...
Popular Culture Quick reference
Charles Phythian-Adams
The Oxford Companion to Local and Family History (2 ed.)
...every corner of daily life (see, for example, Barry Reay (ed.), Popular Culture in Seventeenth‐Century England (1985) ), was for long informally ‘codified’, as it were, through constant repetition in terms of both knowledge and practice. Knowledge was of two kinds: what now tends to be called ‘folklore’ (and which much earlier might have been thought of as ‘cunning’, an Old English word for ‘knowing’), a comprehensive spectrum of inherited esoteric beliefs and remedies; and ‘craft’, the traditional practical knowledge or art that comprised the hard‐won...
Minorities in a Democracy Reference library
Humayun Kabir
Liberal Islam: A Sourcebook
...Islam. Another reason for the rapid spread of Islam was the opening up of opportunity for vast sections of the people. It is again an interesting fact of history that till the advent of Islam, most religions had made education a preserve of the select few. In ancient Egypt and indeed in almost all parts of the world, knowledge was recognized as power and because knowledge was and is power, knowledge was the prerogative of a privileged class. It was Islam which broke that barrier down and made knowledge accessible ...
8 The Transmission of Jewish Knowledge through MSS and Printed Books Reference library
Emile G. L. Schrijver
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...poverty of our Hebrew literature in all its aspects, we recognize that one of the main factors preventing it from developing as it should is the absence from our midst of well-financed publishers who could pay authors and scholars a just recompense for their labor … (Grunberger, 120) Ben-Avigdor’s and a number of his successor’s efforts paved the way for the development of a national, modern Hebrew literature, publishing the works of such authors as Hayyim Nahman Bialik ( 1873–1934 ) and Saul Tchernichovski ( 1875–1943 ). The emigration of these authors...
6 The European Printing Revolution Reference library
Cristina Dondi
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...incunables for posterity has to be credited in large part to the libraries of religious institutions. 6 New aspects Unlike writing a MS, a private individual could not casually print a book, nor could a printer produce a book by himself without establishing a printing office. Moreover, printing required capital investment, principally for the purchase of paper. In addition, it generally required some knowledge of the subject to be printed, to help in the selection and correction of what was printed. Finally, printing called for marketing knowledge: although...
