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Parliament Reference library
Garner's Modern English Usage (5 ed.)
... . The definite article ( the ) is unnecessary before this word when it is used as a proper noun (i.e., in reference to a particular parliament) <Parliament voted to make such conduct illegal> . Cf. Congress . ...
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A Dictionary of Law Enforcement (2 ed.)
... The legislature of the UK, consisting of the sovereign, the House of Lords, and the House of Commons. Following the enactment of the Fixed-Term Parliaments Act 2011 the length of a parliament is fixed at 5 years unless a vote of no confidence in the government is passed and no alternative government found; or, an early general election is agreed by at least two-thirds of the House of Commons. The life of a Parliament is divided into sessions, normally of one year each, which are ended when Parliament is prorogued (under the prerogative) by a royal...
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Oxford Dictionary of Word Origins (3 ed.)
...parliament [ME] A parliament is historically just a talking shop. It originates from French parler ‘to talk’, which goes back to Latin parabola ‘word’ ( see parable ). Parlour [ME], originally a place for speaking, comes from the same...
Parliament Reference library
Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase & Fable (19 ed.)
...repealed in 1915 . See also jerkwater . Parliament of Bats or Club Parliament, The A Parliament convened at Leicester in 1426 in an attempt to settle the dispute between the Duke of Gloucester and Thomas Beaufort , Duke of Exeter. Swords were forbidden, so many of the members came armed with ‘bats’ – that is, clubs or other blunt instruments: whence the name. Parliament of Dunces, The Henry IV ’s second Parliament, convened at Coventry in 1404 , also called the Lawless Parliament or the Unlearned Parliament, because the king hoped for a more tractable...
parliament Reference library
Australian Law Dictionary (3 ed.)
...the majority party in the Lower House of Parliament, but only holds his or her office as long as the ‘confidence of the House’ is maintained. If members of the Lower House lose faith in the leader they may call a vote of no confidence and force the prime minister, and hence the government, to resign. There are nine parliaments in Australia: the Commonwealth Parliament (also called the Parliament of Australia or Federal Parliament) and six state and two territory parliaments. The constituent parts of the Federal Parliament are the sovereign (represented by the...
Parliament Reference library
Dictionary of American Family Names (2 ed.)
... US frequency (2010): 255 English: presumably a nickname, or an occupational name for someone in the service of parliament, the British deliberative assembly. The name is recorded in northeastern England in the 17th and 18th centuries, but appears to have died out there in the early 19th...
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A Dictionary of Law (10 ed.)
... n. The legislature of the UK, consisting of the sovereign, the House of Lords, and the House of Commons. Under the Parliament Act 1911, the maximum duration of any particular Parliament is five years, after which its functions expire. Historically, a Parliament’s life was always ended by its dissolution by the sovereign under the royal prerogative ; this proclamation also summoned its successor. In practice, the date of dissolution was usually chosen by the Prime Minister. Under the Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011 a general election must now be...
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A Dictionary of British History (3 ed.)
...of the Irish Parliament, which has been bathed in a golden light as ‘ Grattan 's Parliament’. But in the end the decisive factor was that law and order broke down in the great rising of 1798 . Without a union, Ireland would, wrote the lord‐lieutenant Camden, be ‘dreadfully vulnerable in all future wars’. By the Act of Union of 1801 the Irish Parliament was suppressed and representation transferred to Westminster. The new parliament house in Dublin, no longer required, became the Bank of Ireland. Scottish Parliament The Scottish Parliament differed...
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Jonathan Bradbury
A Concise Oxford Dictionary of Politics and International Relations (4 ed.)
...to the constitutional role accorded to parliament and the electoral and party systems which determine their composition and political organization. Most parliaments face constitutional constraints. In Germany, for example, the national parliament’s powers are limited by the federal constitution which ensures autonomous legislative power for individual Länder (provinces). A constitutional court exists to ensure that the parliament passes no law that is contrary to the written constitution. In contrast, the UK Parliament theoretically has unfettered authority...
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World Encyclopedia
... Legislative assembly that includes elected members and acts as a debating forum for political affairs. Many parliamentary systems are based on the British Parliament , which emerged in the late 13th century as an extension of the King's Council, and has been housed at Westminster since that time. It is the supreme power in the UK. Parliament comprises the monarch, in whose name members of the government act, and two Houses: the House of Lords , an upper chamber of peers, bishops, and law lords; and the House of Commons . There are 650 members of the...
Parliament Reference library
The Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History
...legislative process. Maturity and Conflict. Under the Tudors ( 1485–1603 ), Parliament's role in English government was well established, if still subordinate to the rule of the king and his advisers. Although a statute of 1330 requiring that Parliament be summoned annually was not strictly complied with, parliaments were summoned frequently by medieval and Tudor kings. It was in Parliament that the king enjoyed the highest degree of his royal power. Thus, in the Reformation Parliament of 1529–1536 , Henry VIII legislated his supremacy over the Church of...
Parliament Reference library
Oxford Companion to Australian Politics
... Australian capital cities have a parliament house and a government house, with overlapping functions. Visitors to a parliament house do not automatically find ‘the parliament’: for a start, an essential part of the legal definition of ‘the parliament’ is the state governor or Commonwealth Governor-General , located at Government House. The constitutional documents establishing Australian parliaments define ‘the parliament’ in terms of three parts of a system of constitutional monarchy. First, the governor or Governor-General as appointed...
Parliament Reference library
J. A. Cannon, Robert Crowcroft, J. A. Cannon, Roland Tanner, and J. A. Cannon
The Oxford Companion to British History (2 ed.)
... English Parliament Parliament is a servant which became a master. It originated with three royal needs; the need of monarchs to obtain advice and information; the realization that subjects were more likely to pay taxes if they knew what they were for; and the need to find some way of dealing with complaints, grievances, and petitions from all over the realm. The third function of Parliament gradually atrophied as, in the Middle Ages, an elaborate network of local and national courts was established, though the concept of the High Court of Parliament...
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The Oxford Companion to Scottish History
...of his councillors on small everyday matters, and the advice of his parliament on big decisions. Parliament's members thus negotiated with the government. Important legislation had sometimes been enacted and taxes imposed, but not often. Parliament was also a court of law ( see law and lawyers: 1 ), but it heard hardly any cases after the foundation of the Court of Session in 1532 . Late medieval parliaments had met more or less annually, but James IV had ceased to summon parliament regularly—an indication that it might well be surplus to...
Parliament Reference library
The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Reformation
...best account of Parliament and politics in the later seventeenth century. Jones, Norman L. Faith by Statute: Parliament and the Settlement of Religion, 1559 . London, 1982. Revises Neale's interpretation of the Elizabethan Settlement. Lehmberg, Stanford E. The Reformation Parliament, 1529–1536 . Cambridge, 1970. ——. The Later Parliaments of Henry VIII, 1536–1547 . Cambridge, 1977. These volumes provide a narrative of Parliament's activity, summarize legislation, and discuss the membership of the two houses. Loach, Jennifer . Parliament and the Crown in...
parliament Reference library
The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages
...parliament, the ; merciless parliament ; modus tenendi parliamentum ; nobility . Cynthia J. Neville K. M. Brown and R. J. Tanner , eds, The History of the Scottish Parliament , vol. 1: Parliament and Politics in Scotland, 1235–1560 (2004). R. Frame , The Political Development of the British Isles, 1100–1400 (1995). C. Given-Wilson et al ., eds, The Parliament Rolls of Medieval England , CD-ROM (2005). N. C. Pronay and J. Taylor , Parliamentary Records of the Later Middle Ages (1980). T. Thomson and C. Innes , eds, Acts of the Parliaments of...
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The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea (2 ed.)
...is from the period of its introduction, the term coming into the British Navy during the First Anglo-Dutch War ( 1652–4 ) when England was governed by Cromwell's Parliament and when this process was much used. It did not spread into general use beyond the English Navy. When, in 1782 , HMS Royal George capsized and sank at Spithead with a great loss of life, she was undergoing a Parliament heel to carry out underwater...
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Oxford Essential Quotations (6 ed.)
... Parliament The ministry of all the talents. name given ironically to William Grenville's coalition of 1806, and also applied to later coalitions Anonymous G. W. Cooke The History of Party (1837) vol. 3 ministry of all the talents ministry of all the talents The British House of Lords is the British Outer Mongolia for retired politicians. Tony Benn 1925 – 2014 British Labour politician in Observer 4 February 1962 England is the mother of Parliaments. John Bright 1811 – 89 English Liberal politician and reformer speech at...
Scottish Parliament Quick reference
A Dictionary of Agriculture and Land Management
...Parliament Elected Parliament in Scotland which is authorized by the United Kingdom Parliament in Westminster, under devolution powers, to make laws relating to Scotland. See also Scottish Government...
Short Parliament (1640) Quick reference
World Encyclopedia
...Parliament ( 1640 ) English Parliament that ended 11 years of personal rule by Charles I . Charles was forced to summon Parliament to raise revenue through taxation for war against Scotland. When it refused his demands, he dissolved it, but had to summon the Long Parliament a few months...
