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Did you mean mitochondrial DNA mitochondrial DNA
mitochondrial-DNA Quick reference
A Dictionary of Ecology (5 ed.)
...-DNA ( mt-DNA ) Circular DNA that is found in mitochondria. It is entirely independent of nuclear DNA and, with very few exceptions, is transmitted from females to their offspring with no contribution from the male parent. Mitochondrial-DNA codes for specific RNA components of ribosomes that are unique to those organelles. It also codes for some of the respiratory enzymes found in...
mitochondrial-DNA Quick reference
A Dictionary of Geology and Earth Sciences (5 ed.)
...-DNA ( mt-DNA ) Circular DNA that is found in mitochondria. It is entirely independent of nuclear DNA and, with very few exceptions, is transmitted from females to their offspring with no contribution from the male...
mitochondrial DNA Quick reference
A Dictionary of Biology (8 ed.)
...mitochondrial DNA ( mtDNA ) A circular ring of DNA found in mitochondria . In mammals mtDNA makes up less than 1% of the total cellular DNA, but in plants the amount is variable. It codes for ribosomal and transfer RNA but only some mitochondrial proteins (up to 30 proteins in animals), the nuclear DNA being required for encoding most of these. Human mtDNA contains 37 genes, encoding 13 proteins and some RNAs. Mitochondrial DNA is generally inherited via the female line only, although there are exceptions to this ( see heteroplasmy ). According to the ...
mitochondrial-DNA Quick reference
A Dictionary of Plant Sciences (4 ed.)
...-DNA ( mt-DNA ) Circular DNA that is found in mitochondria ( see mitochondrion ). It is entirely independent of nuclear DNA and, with very few exceptions, is transmitted from females to their offspring with no contribution from the male parent. Mitochondrial-DNA codes for specific RNA components of ribosomes that are unique to those organelles . It also codes for some of the respiratory enzymes found in mitochondria. Unlike animal mt-DNA, plant mt-DNA evolves very slowly and is capable of breaking into tripartate structures which can...
mitochondrial DNA Quick reference
A Dictionary of Forensic Science
... DNA ( mtDNA ) DNA that is found outside the cell nucleus in a structure called the mitochondria . The mitochondria are key in cell energy production and have their own DNA, which is inherited solely from the mother. Thus, even if a person is not available to provide comparison samples (deceased, missing, and so on), comparison standards can be obtained from anyone in the maternal line. Because it is found in even greater abundance than nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA can be used on very small samples, and problems of degradation are reduced....
mitochondrial-DNA Quick reference
A Dictionary of Zoology (5 ed.)
...-DNA ( mt-DNA ) Circular DNA that is found in mitochondria ( see mitochondrion ) . It is entirely independent of nuclear DNA and, with very few exceptions, is transmitted from females to their offspring with no contribution from the male parent. Mitochondrial-DNA codes for specific RNA components of ribosomes that are unique to those organelles . It also codes for some of the respiratory enzymes found in...
mitochondrial DNA Quick reference
A Dictionary of Law Enforcement (2 ed.)
... DNA ( mtDNA ) DNA contained in the mitochondria, which are bodies in a cell but not in the nucleus. The DNA is inherited only from the mother. It is useful for tracing matrilineage and in forensic cases for elimination, but it cannot give a positive...
mitochondrial DNA Reference library
Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (2 ed.)
... DNA abbr. : mtDNA; DNA that is contained, replicated, and expressed in mitochondria. mtDNA is double‐stranded in almost all organisms studied; that from mammals has a contour length of ≈5 μm, about 15 kilobases, while that from protozoa and fungi is about five times larger. Human mtDNA (16 569 bp) codes for two types of rRNA molecules, 22 types of tRNA molecules, and 13 proteins. mtDNA is transmitted maternally, i.e. with the mitochondria of oocytes. The code in mtDNA differs in some respects from that in nuclear DNA ( see genetic code ). See ...
mitochondrial DNA Quick reference
A Dictionary of Genetics (8 ed.)
... DNA ( mtDNA ) the mitochondrial genome consists of a circular DNA duplex, and there are generally 5 to 10 copies per organelle. Human mitochondrial DNA ( q.v. ) is a 16.6 kb circle. The mtDNAs of plants are much larger (the mtDNA of Arabidopsis contains 367 kb), and fungi are intermediate (there are 75 kb in the mtDNA circles of Saccharomyces ). Introns have been found in mitochondrial genes from yeast but not from mammals. The genetic code of mitochondria differs slightly from the “universal” genetic code. Since, of the two gametes, only the...
mitochondrial DNA n. Quick reference
A Dictionary of Psychology (4 ed.)
... DNA n. A form of DNA found in mitochondria , having its own genetic code, slightly different from the universal code of nuclear DNA and subject to variation between species, encoding subunits of vital respiratory enzymes. It is inherited only from mothers, because only the mother’s ovum contributes cytoplasm to the zygote , it consists of several loops, each containing 37 genes, and it is present in every mitochondrion. Mutations in mitochondrial DNA caused by free radicals have been linked to ageing and to several chronic degenerative...
mitochondrial plasmid DNA Reference library
Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (2 ed.)
... plasmid DNA a distinct class of genetic elements, found in certain wild‐type strains of Neurospora , that show virtually no sequence homology with standard mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in DNA–DNA hybridization experiments and achieve high copy number without suppressive behaviour towards wild‐type...
mitochondrial DNA lineages Quick reference
A Dictionary of Genetics (8 ed.)
... DNA lineages evolutionary trees derived from data on mtDNAs. Human mitochondria are maternally inherited, and therefore mtDNA is contributed by the female parent to the next generation. Furthermore, mitochondrial genes do not undergo recombination. For these reasons, it is much simpler to trace mutations in mtDNA than in genomic DNA. In an analysis of mtDNAs published in1987, the restriction fragment polymorphisms were traced back to an mtDNA molecule carried by a hypothetical woman living in Africa about 200,000 years ago. In 1995, comparative...
human mitochondrial DNA Quick reference
A Dictionary of Genetics (8 ed.)
...mitochondrial DNA the mt chromosome is a circular DNA molecule that contains 16,560 bp. The genome is extremely compact. Coding sequences make up 93% of the total genome, and all genes lack introns. There are 37 genes; 28 are encoded by the heavy strand and 9 by the light. There are 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 13 genes that encode proteins, which function as subunits in enzymes that synthesize ATP. The original DNA sequence published in 1981 is referred to as the Cambridge reference sequence . It contains errors that were corrected in 1999. After...
mitochondrial DNA deletion syndrome Quick reference
A Dictionary of Biomedicine (2 ed.)
...mitochondrial DNA deletion syndrome The hepatocerebral form of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion syndrome can be caused by mutation in the nuclear-encoded mitochondrial deoxyguanosine kinase gene, the MPV17 gene or the C10ORF2 gene that encodes twinkle . The myopathic form of mtDNA depletion syndrome is caused by mutation in the nuclear-encoded mitochondrial thymidine kinase gene and the encephalomyopathic form is caused by mutation in the succinyl-CoA synthase...
mitochondrial DNA Reference library
The New Oxford Dictionary for Scientific Writers and Editors (2 ed.)
... DNA Abbrev.: mtDNA (lower-case m,...
mitochondrial-DNA
human mitochondrial DNA
mitochondrial DNA deletion syndrome
mitochondrial plasmid DNA
