limited market
A market for a particular security in which buying and selling is difficult, usually because a large part of the issue is held by very few people or institutions.
limited market Quick reference
A Dictionary of Finance and Banking (6 ed.)
... market 1. A market that is illiquid. 2. A market with restricted numbers of...
limited market Quick reference
A Dictionary of Business and Management (6 ed.)
... market A market for a particular security in which buying and selling is difficult, usually because a large part of the issue is held by very few people or...
limited market Reference library
The Handbook of International Financial Terms
... market . 1 Trading conditions for individual securities, sectors, or the market as a whole which are relatively illiquid ( cf. cabinet stock ; liquidity ; thin ). 2 Any specialized type of financial instrument which only appeals to a few investors and therefore where demand may be very specific is said to have a limited market ( cf. exotic options...
limited market
12 The Economics of Print Reference library
Alexis Weedon
The Oxford Companion to the Book
... 1800 limited-duration copyright was an economic reality, and profit-sharing agreements gradually became more common. During the 19 th century the *Society of Authors campaigned for *royalty agreements so that writers might share in the financial reward of their success. Publishers turned their attention to creating markets within a growing and increasingly literate population. Some were able to make a good living from out-of-copyright books. For example, Bohn’s Libraries became renowned for their quality and affordability and opened up a market for...
30 The History of the Book in Austria Reference library
John L. Flood
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...publishing. However, paper was in short supply, printing equipment was antiquated, and the books produced had limited appeal. More new publishing ventures were founded on idealism than on a sound commercial basis. Moreover, in the early postwar years exporting to Germany was prohibited, which meant that the largest potential market was closed to Austrian publishers. Austrian publishers’ chief problems continue to be that the local market is too small and competition from powerful German rivals too intense. In the 1970s , while Austrian sales to Germany...
21 The History of the Book in Ireland Reference library
Niall Ó Ciosáin and Clare Hutton
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...cent, easily the lowest in western Europe. Unemployment was high, and there was mass emigration. Most significant authors continued to seek publication primarily in London, and there was little innovation or dynamism within the Irish book trade, which largely served a limited indigenous market with works that could only achieve a local sale. The one exception to this general pattern was the *Dolmen Press , a small literary publishing house founded by Liam Miller in 1951 . A literary enthusiast who was committed to the value of publishing Irish literature...
20b The History of the Book in Britain, 1801–1914 Reference library
Leslie Howsam
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...level into the range of modest family budgets. The circulating libraries, which had benefited from the *three-decker format when prices were high, now forced it out of the market. The publishing business, which for most of the 19 th century had been one where powerful individual literary entrepreneurs were succeeded by their sons and nephews, now began to be reorganized as limited-liability companies. 3 Production and publishing As in other parts of the industrialized world, most of the technologies of book production in Britain advanced dramatically...
23 The History of the Book in the Low Countries Reference library
Paul Hoftijzer
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...book trade, under harsh economic circumstances, had become increasingly protective of vested interests, the step-by-step abolition of the guild system contributed to a much-needed liberalization of the market. Finally, the issue of copyright was gradually being addressed by a succession of laws that better protected the rights of publishers and, to a limited extent, of authors. In 1815 the Congress of Vienna decided to restore the political unity of the Low Countries through the creation of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, headed by the son of the last Dutch...
6 The European Printing Revolution Reference library
Cristina Dondi
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...they moved around, sometimes following an invitation, often because they felt they had exploited a limited market’s capacity. Surviving business contracts, records of legal disputes, *wills , and *colophons are the main sources of evidence for this migratory working pattern. There appears to have been a division between the commercially successful printers, who tended not to move, and the itinerant ones, pushed towards the exploration of new markets and opportunities by the absence of medium- to long-term prospects in the small towns, villages, or...
44 The History of the Book in Australia Reference library
Ian Morrison
The Oxford Companion to the Book
... 1830 ). In 1820 there were only two Government Printers, Howe and Bent; *ink and paper were expensive, often unobtainable, and seldom of high quality. The limited capacity of colonial printers and the high costs of raw materials ensured that the book trade continued to be dominated by imports, and most Australian writers sought to have their books produced in England. The colonial market was nevertheless substantial: booksellers’ and auctioneers’ catalogues from the 1840s show between 10,000 and 30,000 books advertised each year. The London...
Design Reference library
An Oxford Companion to the Romantic Age
...He continued to make unique pieces, which were usually sold at a loss. Above all, he would not compromise on quality. At the same time, these very features—inventiveness, marketing, and quality—underlay his success. In other words, he managed to create and maintain a ‘limited edition’ market, midway between the traditional reserves of exclusive patronage and a limitless flow of low-cost products. Wedgwood had little reason to fear competitors, and would probably have maintained that imitation was the sincerest form of flattery. Indeed, the lack of ...
11 The Technologies of Print Reference library
James Mosley
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...of industrial nations was expanding markets greatly. Some of the fastest machinery developed at the time employed a principle that was well understood but difficult to apply in practice: namely, passing a continuous band of paper between two cylinders, one bearing the inked text and images, the other applying pressure. After printing, the paper was cut and folded. This process avoided reversing the direction of the heavy flat forme of type—as occurred in the cylinder printing machine—which practically limited the speed of output to about 3,000 sheets an...
35 The Slavonic Book in Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus Reference library
Christine Thomas
The Oxford Companion to the Book
... revolution, when censorship was temporarily in abeyance. From 1910 to 1914 , Russian Futurist poets and painters collaborated to produce handmade books, with very limited *press runs , later to become collectors’ items. The first years of the century up to the outbreak of World War I saw an unprecedented expansion in Russian publishing, with a growing emphasis on the commercial mass market. Whereas between 1801 and 1900 , c .2,500 titles had been published, some 400,000 appeared between 1901 and 1916 . In 1912 and in 1913 , Russia produced...
Architecture Reference library
An Oxford Companion to the Romantic Age
...counter-parts, British architects were at the mercy of the building cycle, itself profoundly sensitive to the mercurial booms and busts of a newly expansive free-market economy. In these circumstances, architects' economic and thus also social status became extremely precarious, a situation only slightly ameliorated by Soane's charitable ‘Fund for Distressed Architects’. Competing in the market-place also meant little time for intellectual work on a par with that produced, for instance, by government-employed architects in France. Furthermore, Soane and...
46 The History of the Book in Latin America (including Incas, Aztecs, and the Caribbean) Reference library
Eugenia Roldán Vera
The Oxford Companion to the Book
... a secure and fast-growing business after 1850 —a business that was dominated by foreign publishing houses with branches in Spanish- and Portuguese-speaking countries. Indeed, the incursion of foreign publishers in the Latin American textbook market had started in the 1820s , when Ackermann exported, with limited success, large numbers of secular ‘catechisms’ of general knowledge (meant for both school and non-school audiences) to all Spanish-American countries. Later in the century, in the 1860s and 1870s , the American D. *Appleton & Co. was more...
26 The History of the Book in the Nordic Countries Reference library
Charlotte Appel and Karen Skovgaard-Petersen
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...between one and four binders selling books). People in southern Scandinavia’s rural areas and along the Norwegian west coast also had frequent contact with urban book markets. Further inland and further north, however, deliveries were few and far between. In addition to the religious context of reading instruction, this meant that for many Nordic people the world of books was confined to a limited selection of (mainly devotional) literature. Readers interested in a wider range of books had to acquire these in a capital or university city. The populations of...
Music Reference library
An Oxford Companion to the Romantic Age
...half of the nineteenth century (with the development of railways, steamships, and a burgeoning Atlantic economy) could large numbers of performers and their promoters break out from geographic and economic constraints to articulate and exploit ever wider markets. In 1776 Britain's potential market for music and musicians was undoubtedly rich—probably more so than anywhere else—in the essential ingredients of purchasing power and leisure. Musicians were already becoming aware of the new possibilities, and were sometimes enterprising by comparison with...
48 The History of the Book in America Reference library
Scott E. Casper and Joan Shelley Rubin
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...the number of small firms in 2005 was higher than ever. There is room, still, for the limited edition of poetry and for *fine printing , typified by the Black Sparrow and the Arion presses; even within the trade, houses such as Knopf strive for excellence in design. The spread of identity politics in the 1960s created niche markets for houses publishing Hispanic and African-American literature (such as Arte Publico and Broadside Press). Evangelical publishers market works in Spanish to reach their multicultural followers. Outside the commercial sector,...
Viewing Reference library
An Oxford Companion to the Romantic Age
...on Hogarth, * Gainsborough , Richard *Wilson , and * Zoffany . Admission to the Institution's galleries was fixed at a shilling, a price which effectively excluded the lower orders. The importance of these early institutions may only be understood if viewed in relation to the limited opportunities for exhibiting and viewing art in the period. A number of private galleries in London and the provinces could be viewed upon application to their proprietors, but access was not easily obtained by members of the general public. Joseph , Count Truchsess , founder...
