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first-loss guarantee Quick reference
A Dictionary of Finance and Banking (6 ed.)
...-loss guarantee An agreement to guarantee losses in order to enhance the credit of a...
first loss guarantee Reference library
The Handbook of International Financial Terms
... loss guarantee . A technique commonly used in the securitization of assets to provide credit enhancement where a third party agrees to indemnify holders for a given amount or percentage of any losses from the asset pool. See junior...
first-loss guarantee
On Martyrdom (Shahadat) Reference library
‘Alī Sharī‘atī
Islam in Transition: Muslim Perspectives (2 ed.)
...his only resource. Hasan, his brother (d. 670), adopted mental jihad , but Husayn could not take this path, because it would have guaranteed Islam’s transformation into a mere “civil religion.” He therefore fulfilled his destiny by playing his revolutionary role, like his grandfather Muhammad before him. His martyrdom, as Shari‘ati emotionally puts it, was the fulfillment of a mission in which “the dying of a human being guarantees the life of a nation.” In order to understand the meaning of shahadat , the ideological school from which it takes its expression...
20a The History of the Book in Britain, c.1475–1800 Reference library
Andrew Murphy
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...that multiple investors would have the effect of spreading the risk of any new undertaking; such a plan would also help to draw in potential competitors and thereby guard against possible rival editions, at a time when the enforceability of ownership rights could not be legally guaranteed. The kind of collaboration that Royston proposed became standard practice in the 18 th century (extending even into the early decades of the 19 th ), and the groups of publishers which came together in such arrangements were known as ‘printing *congers ’. The title-page of ...
Zechariah Reference library
Katrina J. A. Larkin and Katrina J. A. Larkin
The Oxford Bible Commentary
...(e.g. the Philistines in v. 7 b ; OCB s.v. ), while also guaranteeing the safety of the holy land and city. The motif of the ‘eye’ which binds the book together, appears not only in 9:1 but also in 9:8 , which draws on the wisdom tradition ( Job 42:5 ); the anonymous successor to Proto-Zechariah claims that he has received revelations of his own, which he reports together with his reinterpretation of traditional material. ( 9:9–10:12 ) The Hopes of Judah and Ephraim 9:9–10 is the first of several linking passages which bind chs. 9–14 together. Like...
Design Reference library
An Oxford Companion to the Romantic Age
...of Sheffield plate, Boulton sent out illustrated catalogues of his wares directly to his extensive network of agents throughout Europe. In 1774 Wedgwood produced his first catalogue (and the first in the ceramics trade) of Queen's Ware. He also took to *advertising and offered free carriage to all parts of the country, replacement for breakages and satisfaction guaranteed. He employed travelling salesmen throughout Europe and sent out boxes of samples on continental tours. To reinforce brand loyalty as well as to guard against inferior imitations,...
47 The History of the Book in Canada Reference library
Patricia Lockhart Fleming
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...American jurisdiction by an American citizen—were not protected by *copyright . Howe first published Thomas Chandler Haliburton’s sketches for The Clockmaker in his Novascotian in 1835–6 . Their positive reception prompted him to issue the series in book form. Within the year, editions published in London, Philadelphia, and Boston were competing for sales, even in Halifax. Haliburton thrived on international success, but Howe suffered professional and financial losses. Estimates of the output of Canadian presses show that most printers minimized risk by...
35 The Slavonic Book in Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus Reference library
Christine Thomas
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...and seized upon from below. The Law on State Enterprises ( 1987 ) allowed some private initiatives, and the Law on the Press and the Media ( 1990 ) guaranteed their freedom. The Law also allowed any organization or individual to register as a publisher and establish mass media publications. State publishers were given more leeway to decide what they would publish, and some were leased to collectives. The first private publishing firms, small cooperatives, appeared in 1988 , and a considerable number were established in 1989–90 , but most were short-lived. A...
The Evolution and Devolution of Religious Knowledge Reference library
Abdul-Karim Soroush
Liberal Islam: A Sourcebook
...epistemology, not unfamiliar to hermeneuticists and philosophers of science. But it has two serious shortcomings. First, it may not look convincing or revealing enough to more historically minded scholars, who may ask for more historical data and a posteriori justification in support of the suggested doctrine. Second, it may seem a flatly false and even blasphemous idea about religion, whose revelatory nature, according to true believers, guarantees its constancy, relevance, and truth throughout history. Relativity and change are characteristics of man-made...
Enlightenment Reference library
An Oxford Companion to the Romantic Age
...did not share his politics. The destruction of Priestley's home, laboratory, and library in the Birmingham *riots of July 1791 was the first sign that hostile words would spill over into deeds. The government, which hardly disapproved of such direct local action, added its own legislative fiats to repression [ see *gagging acts ]. Deliberate intimidation of the leadership of Rational Dissent was one reason for the loss of momentum of the English Enlightenment. In 1794 Joseph Priestley emigrated to America. But it is doubtful whether, despite his enormous...
Law Reference library
An Oxford Companion to the Romantic Age
...even local *insurrection . The continuance after 1688 of quasi-mystical and religious ideas about ‘loyalty and honesty’ centred in the person of the monarch, alongside modern claims of ‘liberty and property’, was therefore perfectly compatible with normal belief in law as a guarantee of individual rights. In sum, practically every British citizen appears to have accepted a version of Blackstone's premise about the positive value and necessity of government by law. Admittedly, the notion of the ‘Englishman's birthright’ was not generally extended to Scotland,...
Poetry Reference library
An Oxford Companion to the Romantic Age
...In such poetry, a kind of demon lover appears to take over the work, as if the act of writing under the authority of imagination guaranteed the presence of positive evil, positive error, positive failure. Byron's work lives and moves and has its being in the great world of positive evil. Among the canonical Romantics, Keats provides some of the most dramatic examples of positive error and failure. ‘On First Looking into Chapman's Homer’ ( 1816 ) is, like Coleridge's ‘The Eolian Harp’, one of Keats's earliest important works; it is also marked by a...
Reflections on Islam and the West: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow Reference library
Hossein Nasr Seyyed
Islam in Transition: Muslim Perspectives (2 ed.)
...did in the Roman empire, but from the position of incomparable economic strength? How would they react if Muslims invited Christians to dialogue while promising anyone who embraced Islam free oil for their cars, free hospital care, and access to an educational system that would guarantee them high position in their countries, whose governments were so much under the influence of the Islamic world that they could not stop such types of aggressive missionary activity? There is no doubt that these obstacles exist, but from both the Western Christian and Muslim side...
Local Government Quick reference
R. W. Hoyle
The Oxford Companion to Local and Family History (2 ed.)
...lieutenant , who might report on the adequacy of individuals. The Commission probably never met as a body. Indeed, some members of the Commission, especially peers, were probably entirely honorific members who never sat, and not all the justices named in the Commission could be guaranteed to swear their dedimus protestatem , which allowed them to exercise the office. So while the Crown determined the membership of the Commission, it could never be certain which of its nominees would offer themselves as active members. Even then, the functioning JPs rarely, if...
The Necessity of Renewing Islamic Thought and Reinvigorating Religious Understanding Reference library
Nurcholish Madjid
Liberal Islam: A Sourcebook
...experiencing inertia in thought and development of Islamic teachings, and the loss of “psychological striking force!” in their struggle. The umma [Islamic community] is immediately confronted with a dilemma: should it choose to blaze the trail of regeneration within itself at the expense of long-coveted integration, or should it cling to the preservation of efforts toward integration even though it has to bear the consequences of inertia in thought and the loss of invulnerable moral forces? The incompatibility between the need for...
48 The History of the Book in America Reference library
Scott E. Casper and Joan Shelley Rubin
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...allowed the book industry to expand, but also heightened the risk that output would fall victim to overproduction, inadequate distribution, or price-cutting at the point of sale. As the older trade publishers, in need of capital, searched urgently for an elusive financial guarantee for their products, they adopted many modern commercial practices they disdained in their role as public servants. Chief among these was the introduction of professionalization into what had been family-run houses. In 1896 the Harper brothers, out of money, lost control of the...
Painting Reference library
An Oxford Companion to the Romantic Age
...Britain. This public was imagined as a body of cultivated gentlemen whose education and leisure allowed them to interpret and appreciate successfully the exemplary subjects of grand history paintings. Through both intellectual and financial *patronage this constituency would guarantee the future growth of a specifically British school of history painting. And if we return to Ramberg and Martini's print, we can see that the figures of Reynolds and the Prince of Wales are shown to be acting out this gentlemanly alliance between British painters and élite...
Poverty Reference library
An Oxford Companion to the Romantic Age
...declared that labour was a duty owed to God, nation, employer, body, and conscience. They read political and moral lessons from the social inferiority of the poor. Such inferiority displayed the ideal, hierarchical order of family and society; it was a necessary condition which guaranteed stability, civility, and deference between sexes and ranks. Writers imagined a tight mesh of economic, moral, and political bonds holding rich and poor together; consequently, the poor had a moral or natural, although not necessarily a legal, right to charity. Fear of disorder...
Visions of Kingdoms: From Pompey to the First Jewish Revolt Reference library
Amy-Jill Levine
Oxford History of the Biblical World
...during the period between the First and Second Revolts (70–135 ce ) they apparently did work to establish greater harmony than they had prior to the First Revolt. For example, the houses of Hillel and Shammai appear now to be united. From their school in Jamnia, led by Jochanan ben Zakkai immediately after the revolt and then, from approximately 80 to 120, by Gamaliel II, their teachings spread gradually throughout Judea. Their establishment of a “house of judgment” ( bet din ) filled the gap left by the loss of the Sanhedrin. Meanwhile, other such...
