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Courtesy Books Reference library
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Children's Literature
...of Miss Manners , Gelett Burgess 's Goops series, or talk radio shows. Regardless of their format, all courtesy texts and conduct books aim to persuade children to behave in ways that uphold a particular system of values. The values promoted are culturally and historically specific, as well as inflected according to the gender of the intended reader, but the genre of courtesy books displays distinct characteristics. First, courtesy books are often presented in the voice of a trusted older person (parent, teacher, or religious figure) who gives sage...
courtesy books Reference library
The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages
... books Didactic works prescribing forms of outward behaviour, for example table manners, in secular society. They are distinguished from the didactic literature concerned with spiritual improvement, and may be considered alongside manuals of *chivalry , eloquence, and *courtly love . Partially inspired by monastic rules and customaries, conduct literature proliferated throughout Europe in the later MA and afterwards. The *‘Mirror for Princes’ sub-genre is often studied, but courtesy books for women and for the emerging bourgeois elite are now...
books of courtesy Reference library
The Oxford Companion to Children's Literature (2 ed.)
...many books of courtesy that appeared during the first half of the 17th cent. were Youths Behaviour, or Decencie in Conversation ( c. 1641 ), translated from the French by an eight-year-old boy, Francis Hawkins, and printed at his father’s request, and Cacoethes’ Leaden Legacy: or His Schoole of ill manners ( 1624 ), in which the reader was expected to follow the contrary practices to those recommended; e.g. ‘It is good manners so soone as you are up, | To have your head in the Cupboord, and your nose in the cup.’ After the 17th cent., courtesy-books often...
courtesy Books
15 Children’s Books Reference library
Andrea Immel
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...least in wealthy households). In a society where books were relatively uncommon, the ability to read was highly variable, and works were often intended for audiences of all ages. During the late 15 th and 16 th centuries, much of what children read had been in circulation before the invention of printing. By modern standards, few concessions were made to children as readers. Production was dominated by didactic works, including Latin *grammars (by Donatus and others), courtesy literature or *conduct books (e.g. Robert Grosseteste ’s Puer ad Mensam ),...
48 The History of the Book in America Reference library
Scott E. Casper and Joan Shelley Rubin
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...absence of international copyright treaties, rival editions of popular British authors could lead to falling book prices as publishers sought to undersell one another. This concern led to the extra-legal but widely understood conventions known as ‘the courtesy of the trade’. The primary tenet of trade courtesy stipulated that the first American publisher to announce that it had a foreign work ‘in press’ won the rights to its publication; other publishers were expected to relinquish any plans to publish it. By a second principle, the ‘rule of association’, the...
19 The Electronic Book Reference library
Eileen Gardiner and Ronald G. Musto
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...of TEI in the world of libraries, archives, and publishing continued to assure its dominance. 7 Models and aesthetics E-books are extremely adaptable and functional; New and old technology: the iLiad Reader marketed by Libresco. Just as the characteristics of *newspapers changed people’s reading habits and the railway revolutionized the distribution of print, so e-books may change how, what, when, and where material is read. Courtesy of Libresco.com when the proper coding language and syntax are applied, they can be formatted and designed to mirror the...
The Apocrypha Reference library
Philip Davies
The Oxford Illustrated History of the Bible
...contents did not necessarily correspond over time exactly to those of the Greek Bibles (which, in any case, did not preserve exactly the same list of books). Thus, it is not the case that the ‘Apocrypha’, effectively created as a category by Protestants, simply embraces those books in a Greek Bible but not a Hebrew one. However, that is effectively how the contents of the Apocrypha originated. The books of the Apocrypha derive immediately from Greek texts. However, while in some cases Greek is the original language, in some a translation from another...
11 The Technologies of Print Reference library
James Mosley
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...curves and straight lines. Courtesy of Professor James Mosley Nevertheless, the underlying technical processes employed to produce the printed page have changed tremendously. The widespread use of metal type had effectively ceased by about 1980 : such type is now employed only rarely, to make special kinds of books ( see private presses ). Words are still generally placed on paper with ink, but carbon particles (or *toner ) fused by an electrostatic process are more likely to be used to generate copies of digitized books that are printed on *demand ....
Liberation Theology: Europe Reference library
Luise Schottroff and John Rogerson
The Oxford Illustrated History of the Bible
...movement which was formed in 1970 during the elections in Chile and which soon had groups in the whole of Latin America. Books and lectures by the French Protestant Georges Casalis and the German Catholic Kuno Füssel enabled materialist reading of the Bible to be consolidated and extended. Professor Willy Schottroff (1931–97), a pioneer of European social-historical interpretation of the Bible. Courtesy Prof. Dr. Luise Schottrof. In 1977 the ‘Heidelberg Working Group for Social-Historical Interpretation of the Bible’ was...
The Bible in Literature Reference library
David Jasper
The Oxford Illustrated History of the Bible
...understanding of the nature of theology itself. James Joyce (1935) by Jacques-Emile Blanche. Joyce's Finnegans Wake (1939) was described by Thomas Altizer as ‘the culmination of our Western literature…a culmination that is ending or apocalypse itself’. By courtesy of the National Portrait Gallery, London. In stark contrast to Arnold, the language and poetics of early twentieth-century modernism are sharp and precise in their interactions with the Bible. If the novelist D. H. Lawrence (1885–1930) continues the traditions of Victorian...
14 Printed Ephemera Reference library
Michael Harris
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...production of some striking images depicting the mass of print displayed in public spaces. The spread of ephemera and *display types : *playbills , *posters , and *broadsides painted by John Orlando Parry in his London Street Scene (1835), also known as The Posterman . Courtesy of Alfred Dunhill Museum and Archive Across the entire modern period, a huge and expanding volume of print in all its forms was in circulation. In the attempt to get some sort of *bibliographical control over the composition and character of ephemera, scholars have undertaken...
The Old Testament Reference library
John Rogerson
The Oxford Illustrated History of the Bible
...reconstruction of the history of the ancient Israelite cult (1804–7) was a formative point in modern biblical criticism. Courtesy Professor J. W. Rogerson. The traditional views of authorship had two strengths. First, they provided a clear account of the origin of the faith of Israel. It was divine revelation communicated directly to individuals such as Moses. Secondly, if the authors of Old Testament books were known, it became possible to regard them as writers inspired by God. The seemingly neutral question ‘who wrote a particular...
The Bible in Judaism Reference library
Philip Alexander
The Oxford Illustrated History of the Bible
... The Rashi Study House attached to the Old Synagogue of Worms, where Rashi (Rabbi Solomon Yitzhaqi, 1040–1105) studied as a young man. Courtesy of the Jewish Museum, London. This traditional likeness of the great Jewish philosopher Maimonides (1135–1204) was used on a postage stamp issued in Israel in 1953 to mark the International Congress of the History of Science. Courtesy Clive Rosen, Israel-Judaica Stamp Club. Philology pushed medieval Jewish Bible commentary in the direction of the plain sense of scripture...
10 Paper Reference library
Daven Christopher Chamberlain
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...(Nuremberg, 1661). With water-powered hammers, the linen rags are pulped. The *vatman stands at the *vat with a *mould ; the *coucher presses the *post ; the drying *sheets hang on ropes above, ready to be *sized , calendared, gathered into *reams , and packaged. Courtesy of Alan Crocker This is then passed to a second worker, the *coucher , who transfers the wet fibre mat on to a textile, usually of felt, to support it during the next process, pressing. A stack of alternating wet mats and felts, called a *post , is introduced into a mechanical...
1700 to the Present Reference library
Ronald Clements
The Oxford Illustrated History of the Bible
...of writing and the production of literary works, such as those preserved in the Bible, could be given a cultural context which they had not previously possessed. Cherubim figures from the temple of ‘Ain Dara‘ 67 km (42 miles) northwest of Aleppo, Syria. Courtesy Professor R. E. Clements. The Devotional Interpretation and Use of the Bible Scientific study of the Bible has frequently appeared to have as its primary duty the task of formulating biblical teaching, whether of ideas or events, in such a manner...
The New Testament Reference library
David Parker
The Oxford Illustrated History of the Bible
...began to emerge that there was a ‘Constantinian watershed’. The persecution by the Emperor Diocletian, lasting between the years 303 and 312, had seen the destruction of many Christian books. It seemed possible that, with the Peace of Constantine in 312, the church had used its comparatively small stock of surviving books to produce a number of ‘standards’. Churches whose books had been destroyed needed replacements, and in an era of growth many new copies were needed for new churches. As a result, much of the variety of earlier generations was lost. This...
Religious Liberty Reference library
Mohamed Talbi
Liberal Islam: A Sourcebook
...” —“Muslims.” To be a true Muslim is to live in courteous dialogue with peoples of other faiths and ideologies, and ultimately to submit to God. We must show concern to our neighbors. We have duties to them, and we are not islands of loneliness. The attitude of respectful courtesy recommended by the Qur'an must be expanded to embrace all mankind, believers and unbelievers, except for those who “do wrong”—the unjust and violent, who resort deliberately to fist or argument. In such a case it is better to avoid so-called dialogue. In short...
Feminist Scholarship Reference library
Yvonne Sherwood
The Oxford Illustrated History of the Bible
...more familiar texts in unfamiliar ways.) A portrayal of Sarah and her son Isaac from Testament: The Animated Bible . While Sarah is absent from the biblical account of the ‘sacrifice’ of Isaac (Genesis 22), the Animated Bible inserts her into the story. Courtesy S4C. There are some passages in the Old Testament/Hebrew Bible that, like Eve, seem to be absolutely iconic of the injustices challenged by the feminist movement. Leviticus prescribes forty days of uncleanness after the birth of a boy child and eighty after the birth of...
Ecclesiasticus, or The Wisdom of Jesus Son of Sirach Reference library
John J. Collins and John J. Collins
The Oxford Bible Commentary
.... 11:1–6 refers back to 10:6–18 for the notion that God brings low the proud, even kings and rulers. It also barely mentions a theme that will be treated at length in chs. 39–44 , the wonderful works of the Lord. ( 11:7–28 ) Patience and Trust vv. 7–8 involve elementary courtesy as well as being a prerequisite for wisdom: cf. Prov 18:13 ; m. ᾽ Abot , 5:10 . The advice in v. 9 is expressed more pungently in Prov 26:17 : ‘Like somebody who takes a passing dog by the ears is one who meddles in the quarrel of another.’ In much of this section Sirach...
