continuity editing Quick reference
A Dictionary of Media and Communication (3 ed.)
... editing ( invisible editing ) In film and video post-production , a technique of removing moments of redundancy in a moving image while still presenting the illusion of the continuous passing of time. This is achieved in three main ways: firstly, by cutting to a different shot , as in a shot/reverse-shot ; secondly, by a match cut to the same subject from a different position or angle; thirdly, by using a cutaway to mask the edit point. The presence of a cut is additionally disguised by cutting on an action. Continuity editing is a...
continuity editing Quick reference
A Dictionary of Film Studies (2 ed.)
... editing ( invisible editing ) A highly codified system of film editing which originated in the US and Europe in the early 20th century and which still operates today in a good deal of mainstream cinema as well as television drama ( see classical hollywood cinema ). Experimentation and innovation were the hallmarks of editing in early cinema but between the late 1910s and the early 1920s filmmakers in the US and Europe had established a system based on the principle of continuity : the privileging of continuous and clear action and the...
continuity editing
Local and Regional History: Modern Approaches Quick reference
David Hey
The Oxford Companion to Local and Family History (2 ed.)
...are best known for their contributions to general views of English history. Hoskins's most influential book was The Making of the English Landscape ( 1955 ), Finberg's was his Roman and Saxon Withington ( 1956 ), a local study which caused a rethinking of the problem of continuity after the collapse of the Roman empire. The study of local communities was the major academic concern of local historians during the second half of the 20th century. The works of rural sociologists such as W. M. Williams , The Sociology of an English Village ( 1957 ), which...
Scottish Local and Family History Quick reference
David moody
The Oxford Companion to Local and Family History (2 ed.)
...Local and Family History Scottish local and family history differs markedly from English. If mythologies play a part in determining the agenda of historians, England provides a persuasive sense of continuity, typified by the sturdy independent yeoman or burgess. In Scotland there has been little continuity and little independence. But there has been extreme poverty, starvation even. Villages hardly existed before the end of the 18th century; and to find a domestic dwelling dating from earlier than 1800 is relatively rare. Much less than 1 per cent of...
27 The History of the Book in the Iberian Peninsula Reference library
María Luisa López-Vidriero
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...and its flagship series in 1969 , Clásicos Castalia, which has since proliferated in series for all ages of reader: Castalia Prima, Castalia Didáctica, and Escritoras Madrileñas, to name a few. This collaboration gave continuity, in the midst of the dreary postwar Spanish publishing scene, to the Republican tradition of careful critical editing. Francisco Pérez González created the publishing house Taurus in 1955 , with Gutiérrez Girardot and Miguel Sánchez. Later on, Santillana, under Jesús Polanco’s direction, consolidated and gave security to the...
Irish Local and Family History Quick reference
Kevin Whelan
The Oxford Companion to Local and Family History (2 ed.)
...was most evident in the hinterland of Dublin, Belfast, and Cork, where there has been a fruitful alliance of native and newcomer. The presence of committed individuals within local communities provided the necessary dynamism and organizational energy to give coherence and continuity to the new interest. Examples would include Margaret Phelan in Kilkenny, Noel Ross and Moira Corcoran in Louth, Jack Magee in Down, Michael Byrne in Tullamore, George Cunningham in Roscrea, Victor Hadden in Carlow, Brian Trainor in Belfast, George Hadden , ...
28 The History of the Book in Italy Reference library
Neil Harris
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...such as liturgical texts in *red and black. The existence, sometimes fragmentary, of *breviaries and *missals ‘ad usum Sarum’, for the diocese of Salisbury, bears witness to commissions received from the far-off English market. Once the industry was well established, continuity with the tradition of hand decoration was translated into supremely elegant *woodcut illustration s, inspired by major artists such as Mantegna, which again increased the product’s marketability. Likewise, European music printing, in which the staves, the notes, and sometimes...
In the Beginning: The Earliest History Reference library
Michael D. Coogan
Oxford History of the Biblical World
...as large as 5 meters (16 feet) square. The stone walls, and later the floors, were plastered, and some were decorated with a red paint in a variety of designs. Adults and children were buried under the floors of the houses or in their courtyards, perhaps an expression of the continuity of the family even after death. Some of the skulls had been removed from the rest of the skeleton and plastered over, perhaps in the likeness of the deceased. A number of figurines of humans and animals have also been found, and, most remarkably, a group of over thirty...
Qur'an and Woman Reference library
Amina Wadud-Muhsin
Liberal Islam: A Sourcebook
...and specific prior text asserts that his or her reading is the only possible or permissible one, it prevents readers in different contexts from coming to terms with their own relationship to the text. To avoid the potential of relativism, there is continuity and permanence in the Qur'anic text itself as exemplified even through various readings by their points of convergence. However, in order for the Qur'an to achieve its objective to act as a catalyst affecting behavior in society, each social context must understand the...
6 The European Printing Revolution Reference library
Cristina Dondi
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...student’s book, of medium ( *quarto ) to small *format ; and the popular book, whether lay or religious, generally quarto or smaller (in Italy, even pocket-size). Each had its natural continuation in printed form. Data from the *incunabula Short-Title Catalogue (ISTC) shows continuity with the period before printing was introduced: 8,662 editions in folio (29 per cent, although the incidence is concentrated more in the first decades of production and falls away in the last twenty years of the 15 th century); 15,195 editions in quarto (52 per cent); 3,020 in...
Family and Society Quick reference
Ralph Houlbrooke
The Oxford Companion to Local and Family History (2 ed.)
... ( 2005 ). Pamela Sharpe edited a valuable collection of key articles entitled Women's Work: The English Experience, 1650–1914 ( 1998 ). Of all the books written about children's experience, the most influential was Philippe Ariès , Centuries of Childhood ( 1962 ). His argument that adult attitudes towards children changed fundamentally in early modern times has been challenged, especially by Linda Pollock , Forgotten Children: Parent/Child Relations from 1500 to 1900 ( 1983 ), though she in turn perhaps emphasized continuity rather too strongly....
The Bible in Literature Reference library
David Jasper
The Oxford Illustrated History of the Bible
...the first 25 lines of Paradise Lost are a patchwork of biblical allusion and theological reflection, mixed also with classical and Renaissance learning from Hesiod and Ariosto, in the epic style. Herein lies the continuity between Milton and the earliest days of English religious poetry based on the Bible and biblical themes, a continuity grounded in the intermingling of Christian, biblical, classical, and pagan reference and literary form, and nowhere is this more acutely and creatively evident than in the writing and art of the most ‘biblical’ of all...
Zechariah Reference library
Katrina J. A. Larkin and Katrina J. A. Larkin
The Oxford Bible Commentary
...( chs. 9–11 only, Otzen 1964 ) to the third century, after the conquests of Alexander the Great (‘Alexander III’, OBC ). The latter view, put forward by Stade ( 1881–2 ), is probably now the majority view. Certainly nothing predates 450 bce . For a full study of the continuities and discontinuities between the two halves of Zechariah see Mason ( 1976 ). C. The Social and Religious Context. Proto-Zechariah can fairly be called a ‘theocratic’ or establishment work because of its institutional subject-matter and occasionally its tone, particularly in...
Introduction to the Pentateuch Reference library
G. I. Davies
The Oxford Bible Commentary
...that all the themes represent experiences of the same group of ‘ancestors of Israel’, so that there might be an element of historical continuity between them. 4. Noth too quickly disposed of Moses, who is very firmly linked with the Exodus, Sinai, and wilderness traditions and scarcely as ‘dispensable’ as Noth believed. But if he is allowed to remain in them, this is an indication of an original historical continuity between Exodus, Sinai, wilderness, and settlement. 20. In addition to these objections, which are widely current, it should be observed that...
Israel among the Nations: The Persian Period Reference library
Mary Joan Winn Leith
Oxford History of the Biblical World
...of both restoration and innovation. The religious attitudes and practices characteristic of postexilic Judaism did not originate in the Persian period. The centrality of the Jerusalem Temple and of public worship at its sacrificial altar are only the most obvious in a list of continuities from preexilic Israel; others include the priestly families, the practice of circumcision, Sabbath and Passover observance, and prohibitions against mixed marriage. At the same time, however, with the figures of Ezra and Nehemiah we reach the end of biblical Israel. ...
Viewing Reference library
An Oxford Companion to the Romantic Age
...temporarily brought together in the saturnalia of the auction house. Rather, a direct address was made through the paintings to the sentiments, knowledge, and sociability of a viewing public, and the mediating presence of Shakespeare ensured both depth and a sense of historical continuity not entirely contingent upon the commodities themselves. The Shakespeare Gallery was open from 1789 until 1805 , by which time 167 paintings were on display. The appeal of the exhibition had lessened with its novelty, and the change is clearly discernible in the tone of its...
26 The History of the Book in the Nordic Countries Reference library
Charlotte Appel and Karen Skovgaard-Petersen
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...now officially recognized (Swedish being a minority language). In Iceland, the nationalist movement stressed continuity with medieval Norse. An active language policy strove to replace old and new borrowings from foreign languages with Icelandic words. The general interest across Scandinavia in national history and popular culture gave rise to numerous important and popular collections of ballads and tales. Examples include the Swedish ballads edited by Geijer and Afzelius, the Norwegian tales collected by Asbjørnsen and Moe, and the monumental Finnish...
48 The History of the Book in America Reference library
Scott E. Casper and Joan Shelley Rubin
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...languages became a tool for creating ethnic identity and community. 4 1890–1950: modern business and cultural capital 4.1 Trends in publishing and marketing In some respects, the history of book production, distribution, and consumption between 1890 and 1950 is one of continuity with the previous period: the processes of urbanization, industrialization, and technological change that confronted publishers with opportunities and challenges had been under way for decades, along with the rise in the educational level of American readers. Within those...
1 Esdras Reference library
Sara Japhet and Sara Japhet
The Oxford Bible Commentary
...continuity. 1 Esdras bridges the gap between the periods of the First Temple and the Second by the flow of the story, with destruction, exile, and restoration fully integrated into the historical sequence. As a result, the fall of Jerusalem loses the severe meaning it had in Kings, and Cyrus's decree becomes one in a series of events rather than a decisive turning-point. It no longer marks, as in Ezra-Nehemiah, the beginning of the new period nor, as in Chronicles, is it the springboard toward a new future. The realization of the concept of continuity can...
