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cohors

cohors   Quick reference

The Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2007
Subject:
Classical studies, History
Length:
184 words

... (pl. cohortēs ) In the early Roman republic the infantry provided by the allies were organized in separate cohortes of varying strength, each under a Roman or native prefect . In the legions the cohort was first used as a tactical unit by Cornelius Scipio Africanus in Spain, but for over a century it was employed alongside the manipular organization ( see manipulus ) before the latter was superseded in the field. The cohort was made up of three maniples, or six centuries. There were ten cohortes in a legion. From the time of Cornelius Scipio...

cohors

cohors   Reference library

Henry Michael Denne Parker, George Ronald Watson, and Jonathan C. N. Coulston

The Oxford Classical Dictionary (4 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2012
Subject:
Classical studies, History
Length:
310 words

...were ten cohortes in a legion. From the time of P. Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus , the general's personal bodyguard was known as the cohors praetoria . By the middle of the 1st cent. bc , the term was used also to describe the group of personal friends and acquaintances which accompanied a provincial governor. Both these usages led to developments in the empire. This entourage was the origin of the emperor's cohors amicorum ( see amicus augusti ); the military cohortes praetoriae were formalized in the praetorian guard ( see praetorians ). In the...

cohors,

cohors, f   Quick reference

Pocket Oxford Latin Dictionary: Latin-English (3 ed.)

Reference type:
Bilingual Dictionary
Current Version:
2012
Subject:
Bilingual dictionaries, Classical studies
Length:
29 words
cohors

cohors  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
(pl. cohortēs) In the early Roman republic the infantry provided by the allies were organized in separate cohortes of varying strength, each under a Roman or native prefect. In the legions the cohort ...
numeri

numeri  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
In a military context was simply a term for bodies of soldiers; consequently numerus was often applied to a formation lacking a formal title, like frumentarii (grain-collecting agents) or equites ...
Augustan cohort

Augustan cohort  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Religion
A cohort consisted of 600 soldiers, and to bear the name of an emperor was an honour.
manipulus

manipulus  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
A tactical unit of a legion; its adoption in the 4th century bc was associated with the introduction of the throwing spear (pīlum) which required a more open and manœuvrable formation. Legionaries ...
Vindolanda tablets

Vindolanda tablets  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
During the 1970s and 1980s several hundred wooden writing‐tablets were discovered at the Roman fort of Vindolanda behind Hadrian's Wall (see wall of hadrian); a further 400 turned up in 1993. Of the ...
tribūnī mīlitum

tribūnī mīlitum  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
The six most senior officers within a legion, of whom at least five years' military experience was expected. They were equestrians, though some were the sons of senators, and occasionally senior men ...
battalion

battalion  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Religion
Used in RSV for the whole ‘company’ (REB) or ‘*cohort’ (NRSV), several hundred strong, which Pilate brought up with him to Jerusalem from his residence in Caesarea (Matt. 27: 27).
limitanei

limitanei  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
[De]A Latin term used to describe the troops stationed on the frontiers of the Roman Empire in the 4th century ad, as opposed to the higher status comitatenses of the mobile field army.
Raetia

Raetia  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
A Roman Alpine province (see Alps), including Tyrol and parts of Bavaria and Switzerland. Though small, Raetia was important because it blocked potential invasion-routes into Italy.Immediately after ...
auxilia

auxilia  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
[Ge]Latin name for the units comprising auxiliaries or non‐citizens in the Roman army, usually 500 or 100 strong.
Propertius

Propertius  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
Roman elegiac poet, between 54 and 47 bc, at Asisium, where his family were local notables. His father died early, and the family property was diminished by Octavian's confiscations of 41–40 bc (see ...
legion

legion  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
A division of 3,000–6,000 men, including a complement of cavalry, in the ancient Roman army.Legion is also used to mean great in number, many, as in their name is legion. This usage dates from the ...
war, art of, Roman

war, art of, Roman  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
The earliest Roman battle‐order was probably the spear‐armed hoplite phalanx, a single, close‐order infantry formation. In the 4th cent. bc this was replaced by the more flexible manipular ...
centurion

centurion  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Religion
The commander of a century (a company, originally of a hundred men) in the ancient Roman army.
arms and armour

arms and armour  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History
Personal weapons and protective clothing used in combat or for ceremonial purposes, regarded as objects of beauty as well as of practical use. In Europe armourers have invariably been workers in ...
cohort

cohort ([De])   Quick reference

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (3 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2021
Subject:
Archaeology
Length:
54 words

... [De] A unit of the Roman army. A legionary cohort usually consisted of 480 men, although the First Cohort was of double strength. Auxiliary cohorts were units 500 or 1000 strong and were either wholly infantry ( cohors peditata ) or consisted of both infantry and some mounted troops ( cohors equitata...

Cort

Cort   Reference library

Dictionary of American Family Names (2 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2022
Subject:
Names studies
Length:
57 words

... US frequency (2010): 1458 1 Catalan: from cort ‘court’ (from Latin cohors , cors , genitive cohortis , cortis ‘court, farmyard, enclosure’), an occupational name for someone who worked in a manorial court or a topographic name for someone who lived in or by one. 2 English: variant of Court . 3 Americanized form of Dutch, German, and Jewish Kort...

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