World War I
The Oxford Encyclopedia of American Social History
...during World War II. [ See also Bonus Army and World War I, Home Front . ] bibliography Coffman, Edward M. The War to End All Wars: The American Military Experience in World War I . Updated ed. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1998. The best overall account of the American military effort in the war. Ford, Nancy Gentile. Americans All! Foreign-Born Soldiers in World War I . College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 2001. A first-rate work on the policies, experiences, and effects of immigrant soldiers in the World War I...
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Samuel R. Williamson Jr.
The Oxford Companion to International Relations
...intermittent. World War I had merely set the stage for World War II. [ See also Alliance ; Balance of Power ; Hitler, Adolf ; International Relations ; League of Nations ; Nationalism ; Security ; and World War II . ] Bibliography Albertini, Luigi . The Origins of the War of 1914 . Translated and edited by Isabella Massey . 3 vols. (London, 1952–1957). Brose, Eric Dorn . A History of the Great War: World War One and the International Crisis of the Early Twentieth Century . (New York, 2010). Ferguson, Niall . The Pity of War . (New York,...
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The Oxford Companion to American Literature (6 ed.)
... War I , major conflict involving most of the nations of the world ( 1914–18 ), and sometimes called the Great War. It was an outgrowth of European territorial problems and nationalism, but the U.S. was finally brought to take an active part ( April 6, 1917 ), the immediate cause being the unrestricted German submarine warfare upon Atlantic shipping. On the side of the British, French, Belgian, and other Allied forces, opposing Germany and the Central Powers, the American Expeditionary Force from October 23, 1917 , until the Armistice ( Nov. 11, 1918 )...
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Samuel R. Williamson Jr.
The Oxford Companion to Comparative Politics
...collective security remained bilateral and intermittent. World War I had merely set the stage for World War II. [ See also Hitler, Adolf ; Mussolini, Benito ; and Nationalism .] Albertini, Luigi . The Origins of the War of 1914 . Translated and edited by Isabella Massey . 3 vols. (London, 1952–1957). Brose, Eric Dorn . A History of the Great War: World War One and the International Crisis of the Early Twentieth Century . (New York, 2010). Ferguson, Niall . The Pity of War . (New York, 1999). Steiner, Zara . The Lights That Failed: European...
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The Oxford Companion to Australian History
...fill the AIF's ranks. Gammage's The Broken Years (1974) was an evocative and influential study of Australian soldiers' war experience derived for the first time from their letters and diaries. Marilyn Lake's A Divided Society: Tasmania During World War I (1975) and Michael McKernan's The Australian People and the Great War (1980) established that the war had divided more than united. A resurgence of popular art, with the war as its theme, had a more immediate impact on ordinary Australians. The most notable works were Roger McDonald's novel ...
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Denise Bates
The Oxford Encyclopedia Women in World History
... War I . World War I ( 1914–1918 ), also known as the Great War, transformed gender roles on a global scale through women's participation. As a 1914 war between the Kingdom of Serbia and the Austro-Hungarian Empire evolved into a complicated system of alliances, nearly every European nation along with its colonies and economic partners was plunged into the conflict. As millions of men marched off to war serving either the Allied Powers (Britain, France, Russia, Belgium, Italy, Japan, Greece, and the United States) or the Central Powers (Germany,...
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John E. Druesedow
The Grove Dictionary of American Music (2 ed.)
...War!” The considerable number of American citizens who wrote, performed, published, recorded, and promoted music during World War I must have taken such assertions to heart. Discography Keep the Home Fires Burning: the Songs and Music of the 1st World War from the Original Recordings (1986), Saydisc, CD-SDL 358 The Great War: an Evocation in Music and Drama through Recordings Made at the Time , 1989 (Pearl), GEMM CD 9355 Lieut. Jim Europe's 369th U.S. Infantry “Hell Fighters” Band: the Complete Recordings (1996), Memphis Archives, MA7020 The Great War:...
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Michael Neiberg, Michael Neiberg, Bruce E. McCord, Emily Callaci, Frederick R. Dickinson, Patit Paban Mishra, Patit Paban Mishra, and Max L. Gross
The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern World
...Robert H. Woodrow Wilson and World War I, 1917–1921 . New York: Harper & Row, 1985. Gregory, Ross . The Origins of American Intervention in the First World War . New York: Norton, 1971. Kennedy, David M. Over Here: The First World War and American Society . New York: Oxford University Press, 1980. Knock, Thomas J. To End All Wars: Woodrow Wilson and the Quest for a New World Order . New York: Oxford University Press, 1992. Levin, Jr. , Norman Gordon . Woodrow Wilson and World Politics: America's Response to War and Revolution . New York: Oxford...
World War I (1914–18) Quick reference
A Dictionary of World History (3 ed.)
... War I ( 1914–18 ) A war fought between the Allied Powers—Britain, France, Russia, Japan, and Serbia—who were joined in the course of the war by Italy (1915), Portugal and Romania (1916), the USA and Greece (1917)—against the Central Powers: Germany, the Austro‐Hungarian empire, Ottoman Turkey, and Bulgaria (from 1915). The war’s two principal causes were fear of Germany’s colonial ambitions and European tensions arising from shifting diplomatic divisions and nationalist agitation, especially in the Balkans . It was fought in six main theatres of war....
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Matthew Rubiner
The Oxford Companion to Cheese
...World War I , a conflict of unprecedented scope and magnitude with more than 70 million men in arms, produced casualties on a scale the world had never known. The conflict was also unique in the severe challenges that the war’s sheer scale imposed on its participant nations to provision their troops in the field while avoiding privation on the home front. Scholars have argued that victory or defeat in World War I depended as much on the capacity of combatant nations to feed their populations and their troops as on the production of weaponry and other war...
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The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military
... War I ( 1914–18 ) Essentially a civil war in Europe with global implications, World War I resulted in a shift of economic and cultural influences away from Europe, ultimately enabling new nations to emerge and encouraged others (notably the United States) to challenge Europe's international leadership. The fighting pitted Germany, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and the Ottoman Empire (together styled the Central Powers) against an alliance of Britain, France, Russia, Italy and, eventually, the United States. With the mobilization of 65 million troops, World...
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Thomas J. Knock
The Oxford Companion to United States History
..., 1967. Edward M. Coffman , The War to End All Wars: The American Military Experience in World War I , 1968. N. Gordon Levin , Woodrow Wilson and World Politics , 1968. Patrick Devlin , Too Proud to Fight: Woodrow Wilson's Neutrality , 1974. Robert Ferrell , Woodrow Wilson and World War I , 1985. Paul Fussell , The Great War in Modern Memory , 1975. David M. Kennedy , Over Here: The First World War and American Society , 1980. Thomas J. Knock , To End All Wars: Woodrow Wilson and the Quest for a New World Order , 1992. Stephen Vaughn , Holding...
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Andrew F. Smith
Savoring Gotham: A Food Lover’s Companion to New York City
... War I The First World War ( 1914–1918 ) broke out in Europe in July 1914 . The war affected New York City well before the United States entered the conflict on April 6, 1917 . For decades prior to World War I, Great Britain, Belgium, and Germany had found it more economical to import food than to produce it domestically. When the hostilities broke out, food became central to the countries involved in the fighting. Almost overnight, European nations began ordering unprecedented quantities of food from the United States. Although American farmers stepped up...
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The Oxford Companion to Italian Literature
... War I . Italy entered the war on the Franco-British side in May 1915 . Behind the intervention were diplomatic manœuvrings aiming to secure Trent and Trieste for Italy, and motivated by the fears for political stability if a peace were made which did not include Italian gains. Most people, including most politicians, were against intervening, but a bellicose climate had been created by a vocal minority to which all but a few of the country's major writers belonged. Although some, like Gaetano Salvemini , supported intervention for democratic reasons,...
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The Oxford Companion to World Exploration
... War I . In the nineteenth century Great Britain had fought for mastery of the Mediterranean against European rivals France and Russia , but the outbreak of war in 1914 found these imperial and commercial rivals in alliance against the Central Powers, Germany and Austria-Hungary, joined by the Ottoman Empire in early November . Having spent much of the nineteenth century supporting the Ottomans as a way of blocking Russian access to the eastern Mediterranean, the British sought to break up the Ottoman Empire for their own imperial benefit and that of...
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Encyclopedia of African American History 1896 to the Present
... War I . World War I ( August 1914 to November 1918 ) was a watershed event in the history of Europe and the Western world. The four-year war resulted in an estimated 20 million dead, about half of whom were civilians; the defeat of the German Empire; the dissolution of three other empires; and the Bolshevik Revolution. In comparison the war had less impact on the United States. America's involvement lasted only about nineteen months, its losses were proportionally less than those of the Europeans, and it emerged from the conflict stronger economically and...
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The Oxford Companion to Politics of the World (2 ed.)
...remained bilateral and intermittent. World War I had merely set the stage for World War II . (See also Colonial Empires .) Luigi Albertini , The Origins of the War of 1914 , translated and edited by Isabella Massey , 3 vols. (London, 1952–1957). Marc Ferro , The Great War, 1914–1918 (London, 1973). Fritz Fischer , War of Illusions: German Policies from 1911 to 1914 , translated by Marian Jackson (New York, 1975). James Joll , The Origins of the First World War (London, 1984). David Stevenson , The First World War and International Politics (Oxford,...
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Stephen Vaughn
The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States (2 ed.)
... War I is considered the first modern war because it involved the mobilization of entire populations. For the United States, it also represented a break with tradition because, for the first time, American armies were sent to fight on European soil. Believing the nation faced a crisis of unprecedented proportion, President Woodrow Wilson and Congress acted swiftly to extend the authority of the federal government after war was declared in April 1917 . In May, the Selective Service Act instituted a wartime military draft. In June, the Wilson ...
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Oxford Companion to Australian Politics
... War I Australian politics have rarely been so divisive as during World War I. The huge loss of life on the battlefields in Europe and the Middle East—nearly 60 000 Australians of a population of less than 5 million died in the conflict—and the seemingly insatiable demands of the war, triggered a bitter debate about the nature of military service and citizenship, and economic inequality—all of which were given a particular intensity by being mediated through class antagonism and Protestant–Catholic sectarianism. The split of the Australian Labor Party (...
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Black Women in America (2 ed.)
... War I World War I transformed the consciousness of black women in America. The war years offered black women the opportunity for increased intergroup cooperation, the occasion to win local improvements under the guise of selfless patriotism, and the challenge to expose racial injustices in a country waging a war for international democracy. Through their wartime efforts, they proved their abilities, performed nontraditional jobs, and increased their expectations for postwar progress in pay, occupational status, and racial justice. Black women gained skills,...
