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Did you mean Stephan’s curve, Stephan's curve Stephan’s curve, Stephan's curve
Stephan curve Quick reference
A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition (4 ed.)
... curve A graph of the pH of dental plaque over a time-course of 10–20 minutes in response to different foods, used to assess the acidogenic potential of different foods, and hence their likely action in promoting dental...
Stephan’s curve Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry (2 ed.)
...Stephan’s curve The curve on a graph, first described by Robert Stephan in 1943 , showing the fall in pH below the critical level of pH 5.5, at which demineralization of enamel occurs following the intake of fermentable carbohydrates , acidic liquids, or sugar in the presence of acidogenic bacteria . After consumption, there is an elimination of the acid and a return to normal saliva or plaque pH, at which point repair of any destruction of the enamel structure takes place (remineralization). Repeated intakes of fermentable carbohydrates...
Stephan curve
demineralization
Erich Mendelsohn
caries
citric acid
glycolysis
demineralization Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry (2 ed.)
...demineralization n. A loss or removal of mineral salts from the tissues of the body. It occurs in dentine and enamel as part of the carious process. Enamel starts to demineralize when the plaque or saliva pH drops below 5.5. See also Stephan’s curve...
glycolysis Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry (2 ed.)
.... It may occur anaerobically with the production of lactate ( lactic acid ) or aerobically with the formation of pyruvate. It occurs in the mouth when sugar and bacteria are present and therefore increases the risk of caries when occurring frequently. See also Stephan’s curve...
citric acid Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry (2 ed.)
...organic acid found naturally in citrus fruits. It is also added to canned foods and some carbonated drinks to improve the flavour by increasing the acidity. This can result in erosion of the teeth if there is contact over a frequent or prolonged period of time. See also Stephan’s curve . Citric acid has also been used at the time of surgery to ‘condition’ periodontally involved root surfaces in order to expose connective tissue in the cementum and promote tissue healing and...
Mendelsohn, Eric(h) (1887–1953) Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of Architecture (4 ed.)
...with streamlined curves while serving in the German Imperial Army ( 1914–18 ). His Einstein Tower, Potsdam ( 1919–24 ), resembles aspects of the early typological sketches: built of concrete-rendered brick and block , it had the appearance of being made of reinforced concrete , and is popularly believed to be so constructed. The plan owed much to South-German Baroque staircase designs of C18. Expressionist, too, was the Steinberg-Hermann Hat Factory, Luckenwalde ( 1921–3 ), with its jagged, angular forms, but curved walls were also used in...
Eichentopf, Johann Heinrich (1678) Reference library
Phillip T. Young
The Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments (2 ed.)
...Bach’s time. Tradition has it that J.S. Bach first suggested to Eichentopf the curved tenor oboe with flared bell (i.e. oboe da caccia); a surviving example ( DK.K.m ) is dated 1724. Eichentopf also produced brass instruments and was apparently a dealer in string instruments. Bach’s close friend, the luthier Johann Christian Hoffmann, was godfather to Eichentopf’s daughter Johanna Christina. Other godparents to Eichentopf’s children were the brass instrument maker Christoph Stephan Scheinhardt (1674–1720), the instrument dealer Matthäus Hirschstein ( c...
Rockburne, Dorothea (c.1932) Reference library
The Grove Encyclopedia of American Art
...School. There, one of her professors encourages her to attend Black Mountain College, the progressive school in North Carolina, where she moved in 1950 . There, she studied art with Franz Kline , Philip Guston , Jack Tworkov and Esteban Vicente ; music with John Cage , Stephan Wolpe and Lew Harrison ; dance with Merce Cunningham and Katherine Liz ; as well as studying several other subjects with the renowned teachers in residence. She also met fellow students Robert Rauschenberg , Cy Twombly and John Chamberlain . She participated in...
Basset horn Reference library
Nicholas Shackleton and Albert R. Rice
The Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments (2 ed.)
...England, Denmark, Sweden, Switzerland, Poland, and Russia. Among these makers, nine of the larger 19th-century firms, Streitwolf, Berthold, Stephan Koch Jr, Nechwalsky, Leopold Uhlmann, Stengel, Skorra, Seidel, Heckel, and Mollenhauer, made both basset horns and bass clarinets, foretelling the eventual prominence of the latter instrument. A third curved basset horn by the Mayrhofers ( D.P.o ) and another anonymous curved basset horn ( D.B.im ) are now known as basset clarinets because they are pitched in A. Thus, the distinction between the basset horn and a...
caries Quick reference
A Dictionary of Dentistry (2 ed.)
...of the associated biofilm , will cause loss or gain of minerals from the tooth, depending on the decrease or increase in pH respectively, cumulatively resulting in a net loss of minerals, dissolution of dental hard tissues, and the formation of a carious lesion ( See also Stephan’s curve ). This is represented by the equation: [ Ca 5 ( PO 4 ) OH ⇦⇨ 5Ca 2+ + 3 PO 4 3+ + OH − ] if the pH remains below the critical level for an extended period of time there is a marked loss of mineral below the tooth surface, resulting in the appearance of a white spot lesion ...
Pilgram, Anton (b c.1450) Reference library
The Grove Encyclopedia of Northern Renaissance Art
... : Die Kanzel und der Orgelfuss zu St Stephan in Wien , ii of Österreichs Kunstdenkmäler (Vienna, 1925) W. Vöge : ‘ Konrad Meits vermeintliche Jugendwerke ’, Jb. Kstwiss. , iv (1927), pp. 24–38 H. Tietze : ‘ Geschichte und Beschreibung des St Stephansdomes in Wien ’, Österreich. Ksttop ., xxiii (1931), pp. 34–8, 197–8, 310–16 R. Feuchtmüller : Die spätgotische Architektur und Anton Pilgram: Gedanken zu neuen Forschungen (Vienna, 1951) K. Oettinger : Anton Pilgram und die Bildhauer von St Stephan (Vienna, 1951) B. Grimschitz : ‘ Die Risse von...
Nördlingen Reference library
The Grove Encyclopedia of Northern Renaissance Art
... and intersecting vault springers, they are found in the work of Weyrer's master, Burkhard Engelberg , although Weyrer's west-gallery vault design with curved ribs seems to have been derived from the choir side aisles of SS Ägid and Koloman at Steyr, designed by Hans Puchspaum . Some differences of detail may, however, be explained by the change of designers: the choir windows have geometric tracery of curved, foiled triangles and squares, probably designed by the Ulm masters, whereas the mouchette tracery of the nave, like that in the nave at St Michael,...
Nördlingen Reference library
The Grove Encyclopedia of Medieval Art and Architecture
..., and intersecting vault springers, they are found in the work of Weyrer’s master, Burkhard Engelberg, although Weyrer’s west-gallery vault design with curved ribs seems to have been derived from the choir side aisles of SS Ägid and Koloman at Steyr, designed by Hans Puchspaum. Some differences of detail may, however, be explained by the change of designers: the choir windows have geometric tracery of curved, foiled triangles and squares, probably designed by the Ulm masters, whereas the mouchette tracery of the nave, like that in the nave at St Michael,...
Mendelsohn, Erich (21 March 1887) Reference library
The Grove Encyclopedia of American Art
...and the Tel Aviv Chug in Mandate Palestine, ” Archit. Hist. , 39 (1996), pp. 147–80 K. James : Erich Mendelsohn and the Architecture of German Modernism (Cambridge, 1997) R. Stephan , ed.: Erich Mendelsohn: Architekt, 1887–1953: Gebaute Welten: Arbeiten für Europa, Palästina und Amerika (Ostfildern-Ruit, 1998) B. Zevi : Erich Mendelsohn: The Complete Works (Boston, 1999) R. Stephan , ed.: Erich Mendelsohn: Wesen, Werk, Wirkung (Ostfildern, 2006) Ita...
