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Scramble for Africa

Subject: History, Regional and National History

Phrase often used to describe the European partition and conquest of Africa in the late nineteenth century. The scramble for Africa, a British term coined in 1884, describes the ...

scramble for Africa

scramble for Africa   Quick reference

A Dictionary of African Politics

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2019
Subject:
Social sciences, Politics, Regional and Area Studies
Length:
93 words

...scramble for Africa The competition between European powers to take control of African territory and divide it up amongst themselves, most famously at the Berlin Conference of 1884–5 . The phrase is now used more broadly to refer to the efforts of external governments, companies, and organizations to gain control of African economic resources. For example, the attempt by countries such as China and the United States to secure access to the continent’s oil, gas, gold, diamonds, and land has been described as a ‘ new scramble for Africa ’ by some...

Scramble for Africa

Scramble for Africa   Reference library

Ismail Rashid

The Oxford Companion to Black British History

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2007
Subject:
History, Regional and National History
Length:
569 words

...and later anti‐slavery and Christian evangelization drove the British presence in Africa. The pace of the British acquisition of territories quickened with the onset of the European Scramble for Africa in the 1880s. Fuelled by industrialization, the quest for raw materials and new markets, the opportunity to invest excess capital, as well as pseudo‐scientific racism and imperial chauvinism, different European countries rushed to control as much African land, people, and resources as they could through dubious treaties, intimidation, and violence. British...

Scramble for Africa

Scramble for Africa   Reference library

Encyclopedia of Africa

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2010
Subject:
Social sciences, Regional and Area Studies, History, Regional and National History
Length:
571 words
Illustration(s):
1

... for Africa Phrase often used to describe the European partition and conquest of Africa in the late nineteenth century. The scramble for Africa , a British term coined in 1884 , describes the more than twenty-year period when European powers explored, partitioned, and conquered nearly 90 percent of the African continent. An observer at the time described it as “one of the most remarkable episodes in the history of the world.” Scholars disagree on the exact origins of the scramble. Most date its beginning to the 1870s and its conclusion to 1902 , with...

Scramble for Africa

Scramble for Africa  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History, Regional and National History
Phrase often used to describe the European partition and conquest of Africa in the late nineteenth century.The scramble for Africa, a British term coined in 1884, describes the more ...
Berlin Conference of 1884–1885

Berlin Conference of 1884–1885  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Social sciences, Regional and Area Studies
Meeting at which the major European powers negotiated and formalized claims to territory in Africa; also called the Berlin West Africa Conference.The Berlin Conference of 1884–1885 marked the climax ...
Royal African visitors

Royal African visitors  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History, Regional and National History
During the Scramble for Africa delegations from several African countries travelled to Britain. Many were royal delegations, often well organized and well funded. Despite the preconceptions held by ...
Development in Africa: An Interpretation

Development in Africa: An Interpretation  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Social sciences, Regional and Area Studies
At the end of four decades of postwar development, the results are so varied that one is tempted to reject the common expression “Third World” when describing all the countries ...
Dahomey expedition

Dahomey expedition  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History, Military History
(1892–4),French imperial venture typical of much of the scramble for Africa. Worsening relations between expansionist France and the warlike Fon of the West African kingdom of Dahomey came to ...
Swahili Coast

Swahili Coast  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Social sciences, Regional and Area Studies
Stretch of East African coastline between southern Somalia in the north and northern Mozambique in the south that is home to more than 400 settlements.The Swahili coast (3,000 km ...
Libreville

Libreville  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Social sciences, Regional and Area Studies
Capital of Gabon.Since at least the seventeenth century, Mpongwe people have inhabited the northern bank of the Gabon Estuary. During the nineteenth century, Fang people migrated into the area ...
Sahrawi

Sahrawi  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Social sciences, Regional and Area Studies
Ethnic group in Western Sahara, Morocco, and Algeria.Berber peoples initially settled in Western Sahara by the first millennium b.c.e. By the sixth century b.c.e. the Berbers separated into several ...
Explorers in Africa since 1800

Explorers in Africa since 1800  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Social sciences, Regional and Area Studies
Foreigners who traveled to sub-Saharan Africa after 1800 to investigate its geography and peoples.Building on the work of earlier explorers, European explorers of Africa after 1800 provided ...
canyoning

canyoning  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Social sciences, Sociology
The activity of travelling through canyons by a variety of means: scrambling, swimming, jumping, climbing, abseiling, and walking. It is distinct from mere canyon hiking in that it usually involves ...
Royal Scottish Geographical Society

Royal Scottish Geographical Society  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History
The Royal Scottish Geographical Society (RSGS) was founded in Edinburgh in October 1884. It was undoubtedly a response to the scramble for Africa then underway and designed to ensure that ...
Colonialism

Colonialism  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Social sciences, Regional and Area Studies
Policies, problems, and legacies of European colonial rule in Africa, which began in the late nineteenth century and lasted until the 1960s.European colonization of Africa followed a long history ...
French empire

French empire  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History
The colonial empire of France. France under the Valois family had come to approximate its modern boundaries by the end of the 15th century. Most of its colonial possessions were acquired during the ...
Central African Republic

Central African Republic  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History
A landlocked country in Africa stretching west-to-east from Cameroon to the Sudan and south-to-north from humid equatorial forests bordering the Democratic Republic of Congo to the savannah plains of ...
Gabon

Gabon  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Social sciences, Regional and Area Studies
An equatorial country on Africa's Atlantic coast, bounded inland by Equatorial Guinea, Cameroon, and Congo.Physical.Along the coast of Gabon are many lagoons, mangrove swamps, and large deposits of ...
Christianity in Africa

Christianity in Africa  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Religion
Apart from Egypt and the Mediterranean coast (Roman ‘Africa’, on which see the next entry), Christianity had by the 4th cent. penetrated to Nubia (where it died out in the 16th cent.) and Ethiopia, ...
Togo

Togo  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History
A West African country lying between Ghana and Benin.Physical.Togo has a southern coastline on the Gulf of Guinea of only 56 km (35 miles) but extends inland for over 560 km (350 miles) to Burkina ...

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