Update
The Oxford Biblical Studies Online and Oxford Islamic Studies Online have retired. Content you previously purchased on Oxford Biblical Studies Online or Oxford Islamic Studies Online has now moved to Oxford Reference, Oxford Handbooks Online, Oxford Scholarship Online, or What Everyone Needs to Know®. For information on how to continue to view articles visit the subscriber services page.
Dismiss

You are looking at 1-20 of 91 entries  for:

  • All: Saadiah Gaon x
clear all

View:

Overview

Saadiah Gaon

Subject: Religion

Foremost medieval spiritual leader, Talmudist, biblical exegete, and philosopher (882–942). Saadiah was born in Egypt, and lived for a time in Tiberias, after which he was appointed by the ...

Saadiah Gaon

Saadiah Gaon   Reference library

Lenn E. Goodman

The Oxford Companion to Philosophy (2 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
Philosophy
Length:
225 words

... Gaon ( 882–942 ). Philosopher , exegete, Hebrew grammarian and lexicographer , liturgist , translator of much of the Hebrew Bible into Arabic. Born in Egypt, Saadiah became head ( Gaon , lit. ‘eminence’) of the ancient Talmudic Academy located by his time in Baghdad. The first systematic work of Jewish philosophy, his Book of Critically Chosen Beliefs and Convictions , the book commonly known as The Book of Beliefs and Opinions or Sefer Emunot ve-De'ol , more properly, Sefer ha-Nivhar ba-Emunot ve-De'ol , defends creation, revelation, and a...

Saadiah Gaon

Saadiah Gaon   Quick reference

A Concise Companion to the Jewish Religion

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2003
Subject:
Religion
Length:
431 words

... Gaon Foremost medieval spiritual leader, Talmudist, biblical exegete, and philosopher ( 882–942 ). Saadiah was born in Egypt, and lived for a time in Tiberias, after which he was appointed by the exilarch , David ben Zakkai , to be the head of the college at Sura in Babylon, hence the title Saadiah Gaon ( see GEONIM ). But rulers seem to have a habit of falling out with their protégés and David soon deposed Saadiah. The quarrel between the two lasted for seven years, remaining unresolved until Saadiah was reinstated. Saadiah, responding to the ...

Saʿadiah Gaon

Saʿadiah Gaon (882–942)   Reference library

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2003
Subject:
Religion
Length:
189 words

... Gaon ( 882–942 ). Leader of Babylonian Jewry in the geonic period. Saʿadiah grew up in Egypt, but eventually settled in Baghdād. From 921, he became involved in a struggle between the Jerusalem academy and the Babylonian authorities on the dating of the festivals —in his Sefer ha-Moʿadim , he gives an account of the affair. In 928 , he became head of the academy at Sura . With extraordinary energy he revived the academy, but he quickly came into conflict with the exilarch David b. Zakkai, who deposed him. Saʿadiah in his turn appointed an...

Sa'adiah ben Joseph Gaon

Sa'adiah ben Joseph Gaon (882–942)   Reference library

Oxford Dictionary of Quotations (8 ed.)

Reference type:
Quotation
Current Version:
2014
Subject:
Quotations
Length:
147 words

...0ben0Joseph0Gaon Sa'adiah ben Joseph Gaon 882 – 942 Jewish philosopher We enquire into and speculate on the teachings of our religion for two reasons: first, to find out for ourselves what we have learned as imparted knowledge from the prophets of God; and secondly, to be able to refute anyone who argues against us concerning anything to do with our religion. The Book of Beliefs and Opinions introduction, sect. 6 speculate on the teachings knowledge from the prophets refute anyone who argues Even women and children and those with no aptitude for...

Saadiah Gaon

Saadiah Gaon  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Religion
Foremost medieval spiritual leader, Talmudist, biblical exegete, and philosopher (882–942). Saadiah was born in Egypt, and lived for a time in Tiberias, after which he was appointed by the exilarch, ...
Gaon

Gaon  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Religion
(Heb., ‘pride’, Nahum 2. 3; pl. geʾonim).Honorific title of the heads of the Jewish academies of Sura and Pumbedita. Between the 6th and 11th cents. ce, the geonim were ...
Shemu’el Ben Ḥofni

Shemu’el Ben Ḥofni  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Religion
(died 1013), ga’on of Sura from approximately 997 and father-in-law of Ha’i Ga’on of Pumbedita. In addition to writing responsa, as was usual for Babylonian ge’onim, Shemu’el followed the example ...
Aaron ben Moses Ben Asher

Aaron ben Moses Ben Asher  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Religion
Early 10th cent. ce).Jewish biblical scholar. A contemporary of Saadiah Gaon, he was well known as a masorete (see MASORAH). Although a Karaite, his vocalization of the scriptures carried ...
Aharon Ben Me’ir

Aharon Ben Me’ir  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Religion
(10th cent.), Palestinian ga’on. He is known primarily for his role in the calendrical controversy of 921 and 922, which pitted Palestinian leaders against Babylonian leaders. As the official head ...
Dayyenu

Dayyenu  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Religion
( It Would Suffice Us), thanksgiving litany, recited during the PesaḥSeder service, with the repeated refrain dayyenu. It is of unknown authorship but possibly dates to the ninth century ce ...
Taḥanun

Taḥanun  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Religion
( Supplication), petition for grace and forgiveness (the name is derived from the original introduction:”…and receive my supplications [taḥanunai]”) said daily after the morning and afternoon ...
Ḥivi Al-Balkhi

Ḥivi Al-Balkhi  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Religion
(9th cent.), “heretical” polemicist and critic. Born in Balkh (in present-day Afghanistan), he lived in Persia. He expressed his views in his “two hundred critical comments on the Bible.” The ...
Aharon Ben Yosef Ha-Kohen Sargado

Aharon Ben Yosef Ha-Kohen Sargado  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Religion
Ga’on of Pumbedita from 943 to 960. Surprisingly, he was not a scion of one of the families traditionally associated with the academy, but a prosperous merchant. Although he was ...
Shelomo Yehuda Leib Rapoport

Shelomo Yehuda Leib Rapoport  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Religion
(1790–1867), known by the acronym Shir; one of the founders of modern Jewish studies (Wissenschaft des Judentums); rabbi in Tarnopol in 1837 but, owing to the opposition of the Ḥasidim ...
Sura

Sura  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Religion
Site of one of the Babylonian Jewish academies. Sura was an important centre of Torah study. It was established by Rav in 219 ce. It was known as the ‘yeshivah ...
Talmud commentaries

Talmud commentaries  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Religion
Ever since the Talmud was considered a ‘closed text’ scholars strove to explain difficult passages, but the first commentaries on larger parts of the Talmud date to the late 9th ...
David ben Zakkai

David ben Zakkai  

(d. 940)*Exilarch involved in several controversies over leadership of the Jewish community. In 921 David helped block Jewish authorities in Palestine from taking control of the calendar. Later, he ...
Baqqashah

Baqqashah  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Religion
(; entreaty, supplication), name given to two types of piyyutim (see Piyyut). The first consists of works written in prose or rhymed verse (by authors such as Saʿadyah ben Yosef ...
Shir Ha-Yiḥud

Shir Ha-Yiḥud  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Religion
(; Song of [God’s] Unity), hymn divided into seven sections, one of which is read (by Ashkenazim) at the end of Shaḥarit on each day of the week, although in ...
Sefer Yetsirah

Sefer Yetsirah  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Religion
Ancient Hebrew treatise on cosmogony and cosmology dating from the third or fourth century ce; one of the most influential works of Jewish science, philosophy, and, because of the kabbalistic ...

View: