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Orange Order Reference library
Alan Ford
The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (4 ed.)
... Order Founded in 1795, the Loyal Orange Institution, or Orange Order, is an organization, based in N. Ireland, but with branches in Canada, Australia, Scotland, and other English speaking countries, which is dedicated to the cause of Protestantism. It is named in honour of William ‘of Orange’ (i.e. King William III), who preserved Protestantism in Ireland when he defeated James II at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690; members, known as Orangemen, march on 12 July each year in commemoration of William’s victory. Closely associated with Unionist politics in N....
Orange Order Reference library
The Concise Oxford Companion to Irish Literature
... Order , the, a Protestant society founded in Loughgall, Co. Armagh, in 1795 , its name commemorating King William III , Prince of Orange, whose victory at the Boyne in 1690 secured the Protestant interest in...
Orange Order Reference library
The Oxford Companion to Irish History (2 ed.)
...Act . Johnston prefigured a wider landed interest in the Orange Order. Faced with the challenge of the Land League , the landlords of southern Ulster joined the order in the early 1880s: of these new landlord recruits, the most significant was Edward Saunderson , who used the order to promote a broadly based unionist movement in 1885–6 . This genteel patronage combined with the home rule crisis of 1886 to encourage the massive growth of Orangeism in late Victorian Ulster. The Orange Order provided an organizational resource for Ulster Unionism during...
Orange Order Reference library
Cecil J. Houston
The Oxford Companion to Canadian History
... Order . Irish Protestant fraternity and secret society, renowned in Canada for antipathy towards the Catholic Church and French Canadians, bigoted treatment of Catholics, and active support of conservative political parties. The Orange Order is a voluntary association of ‘lodges’ of Protestant men, organized in a hierarchy of local, county, provincial, and national Grand Lodges in a manner like Freemasons. Its tenets include the correctness of the Protestant faith, loyalty to the English Crown, and maintenance of the traditions of William of Orange. At...
Orange order Quick reference
A Dictionary of British History (3 ed.)
... order An Irish protestant organization dedicated to the preservation of the protestant constitution and the ‘glorious and immortal memory’ of King William III , the victor of the Boyne ( 1690 ). The order was founded in Loughgall (Co. Armagh) in September 1795 by the protestant veterans of a sectarian clash, the battle of the Diamond. In the later 19th cent. the order enjoyed a revival, and was one of the foundations of popular unionism in the 1880s. Since 1905 the order has been formally connected with the Ulster Unionist Party . Its most public...
Orange order Reference library
Alvin Jackson
The Oxford Companion to British History (2 ed.)
... order . An Irish protestant organization run along masonic lines and dedicated to the preservation of the protestant constitution and the ‘glorious and immortal memory’ of King William III , the victor of the Boyne ( 1690 ). The order was founded in Loughgall (Co. Armagh) in September 1795 by the protestant veterans of a sectarian clash, the battle of the Diamond. It infiltrated the army and yeomanry, and was associated with the bloody suppression of the 1798 rising. Although it experienced a rapid initial growth, both geographically and socially,...
Independent Orange Order Reference library
The Oxford Companion to Irish History (2 ed.)
...Orange Order , founded in June 1903 as a breakaway movement from the mainstream Orange Order . Its immediate origins lay with the populist revolt of T. H. Sloan and the Belfast Protestant Association: in July 1902 Sloan angrily confronted the grand master of the Belfast Orangemen, Col. Edward Saunderson , accusing him of failing to represent Irish Protestant interests in the House of Commons. These accusations were elaborated in Sloan's successful campaign in the South Belfast by‐election of August 1902 , and emerged as a full critique of a...
Orange Order Reference library
Brewer's Dictionary of Irish Phrase & Fable
... Order . A Protestant political society established in 1795 after the Battle of the Diamond in Co. Armagh. The first lodge was formed in the inn of James Sloan near Loughgall, and the movement spread rapidly, attracting membership among the yeoman bands and even the gentry. The order was named after William III ( King Billy ), the Dutch Prince of Orange who had supplanted his Catholic father-in-law James II in 1688 and was regarded thereafter as a kind of patron saint of Protestantism. As an aid to secrecy the members joined local lodges known...
Orange Order
Independent Orange Order
43b The History of the Book in Southeast Asia (2): The Mainland Reference library
Jana Igunma
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...a smooth, pliant surface. Some rare Kammavaca MSS are made from ivory. Normally, gold leaf is applied before the words are painted in a stylized fashion with thick black lacquer. Intervening illustrations are often added. The finished MS is protected by covers of brown or orange lacquered teakwood, also decorated with panels of lively freehand gold leaf or relief-moulded lacquer with glass inlay. When boys enter a monastery for a period (a practice that remains obligatory), parents present the presiding monk with a Kammavaca concerning ordination....
Design Reference library
An Oxford Companion to the Romantic Age
...vases, and figures displayed—porphyry, granite, and basalt—reflected Hope's determination to recreate the monumental character of Egyptian antiquities. The Aurora Room, which centred on Flaxman's marble group, Aurora Visiting Cephalus on Mount Ida , was lined in yellowish-orange satin, with furniture and ornaments in the Greek style. Hope's aim was to improve the standard of design by providing specific models in a range of antique styles founded on serious research, though he hoped they would not lead to ‘servile copying’. He himself mixed Greek and...
20c The History of the Book in Britain from 1914 Reference library
Claire Squires
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...reliant on the practice of *ghostwriting to deliver autobiographies and novels. Literary *prizes have proliferated, with the long-established *James Tait Black Memorial Prize joined in the second half of the century by (among many others) the *Booker , *Whitbread , and *Orange . *Reading groups spearhead sales in the general trade market, while in the 2000s a televised book club, *Richard and Judy , became the single most effective maker of bestsellers. Meanwhile, technological advances have led to rapid changes in the sectors of educational, STM...
French Family Names Reference library
Simon Lenarčič and Susan Whitebook
Dictionary of American Family Names (2 ed.)
...family to which belonged the first president of the Huguenot Society of America, John Jay); lecuyer ; lemoine and lemoyne ; leroux with altered forms larue and larew ; lesueur ; lucado , luckado , luckadoo , and lookadoo (from Lucadou ); macon ; mouzon ; orange ; palmateer and palmatier (from parmentier ); pankey (from Panetier ); perrin with altered forms perine , perrine , and prine ; pershing (from Pfersching or perhaps Pförsching ); pineo and pinneo (from pineau ); poinsett (from Poinset ); rapalje (from...
5 The European Medieval Book Reference library
Christopher de Hamel
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...southern Europe in what are sometimes called the Dark Ages are usually squarish in shape, on *parchment ( *papyrus gradually died out, except in Egypt), and are commonly written in *uncial script or *rustic capitals , generally with enlarged opening initials often in an orange-red colour, and sometimes with pictures in rather sketchy painterly styles not unlike those of ancient Roman frescos. There must have been sites of book production in places like Ravenna, Lyons (a major Roman town in Gaul), and in Rome itself. On the fringes of the old Roman...
Romans Reference library
Craig C. Hill and Craig C. Hill
The Oxford Bible Commentary
...8:15–16; Isa 45:1–3; Wis 6:3 ), that it is part of the divine order and so is meant for human good ( 1 Pet 2:13–14 ; Ep. Arist. 291–2). Paul's view of and desire for order is also paralleled in 1 Corinthians. Paul responded to the chaos of Corinthian worship by arguing that ‘God is a God not of disorder but of peace’ ( 14:33 ) and so commended his followers to do ‘all things’ ‘decently and in order’ ( 14:40 ). Here Paul advises a new group of readers to find peace by submitting to proper order ( cf. 1 Cor 16:16 ). It is striking that Paul treated with such...
Dutch Family Names Reference library
Leendert Brouwer, Peter McClure, and Charles Gehring
Dictionary of American Family Names (2 ed.)
...of Manhattan, officially became a city, and the settlement of Haerlem (Harlem) at the northern end of the island was granted a local court. Other Dutch towns included Bergen (now in New Jersey), Staten Island, and Esopus (now Kingston), a halfway point between Manhattan and Fort Orange. The founding of Schenectady to the north completed the settlement pattern within New Netherland. This last placename is not Dutch but one of many local Native American names, including Manhattan and Esopus, that co-exist with Dutch placenames in New York and New Jersey. In 1664...
Introduction to the Pentateuch Reference library
G. I. Davies
The Oxford Bible Commentary
...then E, marked by its use of Elohim in Genesis; and then what is left is called J. But how do we know that what is left is a unity? To give an analogy: how do we know that the Pentateuch is not like a basket containing many kinds of fruit, from which the apples, bananas, and oranges are removed, to leave—just pears? No, surely a mixture of these with peaches, grapes, strawberries, and so on. 29. It is not of potential disunity in a source-critical sense (i.e. two parallel Yahwist (J) strands, as with Eissfeldt and Fohrer) that Rendtorff is primarily...
