Old English Quick reference
The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Linguistics (3 ed.)
... English ( OE ) Conventional term for the period in the history of English that ended with the Norman conquest in...
Old English Reference library
The Concise Oxford Companion to Irish Literature
... English , term for Anglo-Norman families in Ireland [ see Norman invasion ] and, more generally, those settled before the English...
Old English 2 Quick reference
The Oxford Companion to the English Language (2 ed.)
...Old English 2 . The first English settlers in Ireland, dating from the late 12c, and their language; in Irish gaelic , they were known as Na Sean Ghaill (The Old Foreigners). The term Old English was applied to them by later settlers, from the 16c onward: ‘Howbeit to this day, the dregs of the old auncient Chaucer English are kept as well there [in Wexford]’ (Holinshed’s Chronicle, 1586 ); ‘Their advice was always prefaced by profuse professions of the traditional loyalty of the Old English community to the Crown’ ( R. F. Foster , Oxford Illustrated...
Old English Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of English Grammar (2 ed.)
... English ( OE ) The form of English used in Britain from circa 450 to circa 1150; the earliest stage in the development of the English language. Also called Anglo-Saxon . Although Anglo-Saxon rule came to an end with the Norman Conquest of 1066, a written form of Old English continued in use until the twelfth century. The Old English dialects were highly inflected . Nouns had grammatical gender and four cases , singular and plural ; adjectives agreed with nouns; and verbs inflected for person and number . Most of the core vocabulary of...
Old English Reference library
The Oxford Dictionary of Local and Family History
... English . 1 (linguistic) . Term used to embrace all the dialects of the Anglo-Saxons up to c. 1150 . These developed into Middle English (to c. 1500 ) and Modern English. 2 (Irish) . Term used to distinguish English people who settled in Ireland before the new settlers of the 16th and 17th...
Old English Quick reference
The Oxford Companion to Local and Family History (2 ed.)
... English 1 (linguistic) Term used to embrace all the dialects of the Anglo‐Saxons up to c .1150 . These developed into Middle English (to c .1500 ) and Modern English. 2 (Irish) Term used to distinguish English people who settled in Ireland before the new settlers of the 16th and 17th...
Old English Quick reference
The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art Terms (2 ed.)
... English An English architectural style of the later 19th century in which vernacular forms such as steeply pitched roofs, timber framing, and tall ornamental chimneys were revived. It was particularly associated with the Domestic Revival and Arts and Crafts Movement...
Old English Reference library
The Oxford Encyclopedia of British Literature
...English schooling was being conducted in utriusque linguae , in both Latin and Old English, and commentaries, translations, and glosses on classical literature bear witness to a vernacular intellectual culture unique in the Europe of that time. In addition to these prose texts, Anglo-Saxon England is perhaps best known for its Old English poetry. Beowulf is the earliest extant English epic poem. Lyrics, riddles, homilies, saints’ lives, and elegies constitute a unique corpus of vernacular European imaginative expression. The study of the Old English...
Old English Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms (4 ed.)
...to have been composed in the 8th century. Following the Norman Conquest of 1066 and its establishment of a French-speaking ruling order, the language evolved into a new form that is now called Middle English . Further reading: Peter S. Baker , An Introduction to Old English , 3rd edn (2012). http://projects.oucs.ox.ac.uk/woruldhord Woruldhord: Old English and Anglo-Saxon resource at University of...
Old English Reference library
The Oxford Guide to Literature in English Translation
... English After the Norman Conquest, Old English was not known in Britain as a literary language until its study was revived during the Reformation. Interest in Old English was then primarily political and theological: its religious prose was used to support Protestant doctrine. Archbishop Matthew Parker ( 1504–75 ) and his secretary, John Joscelyn , were responsible for the first ever printing of Old English, and include English translations of ælfric and Wulfstan in A Testimonie of Antiquitie . John Foxe reprinted a large part of that work in the second...
Old English Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of Architecture (4 ed.)
... English Architectural style involving the revival of vernacular elements from the Sussex–Kent Weald, one of the threads of the C19 Domestic Revival , Queen-Anne style, and the Arts-and-Crafts movement. It was characterized by tile -hung walls, diaper -patterns on brickwork, leaded windows of the casement type, timber-framing (sometimes not real, but merely decorative) of elements (often gables and jetties ), barge -boards cut with fretwork, rubbed brick dressings , steep tiled roofs, and tall ornamental chimney-stacks of moulded brick...
Old English 1 Quick reference
The Oxford Companion to the English Language (2 ed.)
...Old English 1 ( Anglo-Saxon ) ( AS , A.S. ) . From one point of view, the earliest stage of the single continuously developing english language; from another, the language from which two other more or less distinct languages successively evolved, first middle english (ME), then Modern English (ModE); from a third point of view, the common ancestor of English and scots , the two national germanic languages of Britain. OE was spoken and written in various forms for some eight centuries (5–12c). Although its texts are as unintelligible to...
Old English Hexateuch Reference library
The Grove Encyclopedia of Medieval Art and Architecture
...its densely illustrated, Old English text the Old English Hexateuch is but one example of the rich vernacular culture of Anglo-Saxon England, a culture that emphasized vernacular translation as a means of education and spiritual guidance. Bibliography C. Dodwell and P. Clemoes : The Old English Illustrated Hexateuch , Early English Manuscripts in Facsimile, 18 (Copenhagen, 1974) R. Barnhouse and B. C. Withers , eds: The Old English Hexateuch: Aspects and Approaches (Kalamazoo, 1999) B. C. Withers : The Illustrated Old English Hexateuch: The Frontier...
Old English and New English Reference library
The Oxford Companion to Irish History (2 ed.)
...by displacing the Old English, now began their systematic denigration, depicting them as disloyal servants of Rome, gun‐runners to the Irish, and corrupters of the common law. These critics, notably Edmund Spenser , sought to tar the Old English with an Irish brush, alleging that they had degenerated from their original Englishness through marriage and fosterage to the point where they now spoke Irish and had become even more incorrigible than the Irish themselves. The Old English were on the horns of a dilemma. The state was demanding conformity to...
Anglo-Saxon (Old English) language Reference library
Helen Foxhall Forbes
The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity
...(Old English) language and literature The Anglo-Saxons spoke a Germanic language known to modern scholars as Old English: this was part of a Germanic dialect (or language) continuum which stretched across northern Europe from Schleswig-Holstein through Frisia and the Netherlands to Britain . (Traditional linguistic scholarship which places languages in distinct branches would see Old English as part of the West Germanic branch, close to the languages of what is now northern Germany, and particularly close to early Frisian.) Old English is...
languages: Germanic—Old and Middle English Reference library
The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages
...Hogg , A Grammar of Old English (1992). —— ed., The Cambridge History of the English Language (1992), vol. 1. —— and D. Denison, eds , A History of the English Language (2006). M. Laing and R. Lass , A Linguistic Atlas of Early Middle English, 1150–1325 , University of Edinburgh, 29 July 2008, www.lel.ed.ac.uk/ihd/laeme1/laeme1.html . R. Lass , Old English: A Historical Linguistic Companion (1994). A. McIntosh , M. L. Samuels , and M. Benskin , A Linguistic Atlas of Late Medieval English , 4 vols (1986). The Middle English Compendium ,...
Old English Reference library
Brewer's Dictionary of Irish Phrase & Fable
... English . The name applied to the descendants of the Anglo-Norman conquerors of Ireland ( see Strongbow ). These descendants tended to think of themselves as English people who happened to be born in Ireland. They were mainly Palesmen ( see Pale, the ) – those who lived in the safety of the fortified counties of English rule (Dublin, Kildare, Meath and Louth) – and the burgers of the various towns, like Cork and Galway, which they had helped to foster. They were loyal to the English throne and to the Catholic faith, and this presented them with a serious...
