Net Book Agreement Quick reference
A Dictionary of Economics (5 ed.)
...Net Book Agreement A UK agreement that allowed publishers to fix the retail prices of their books. This was an exception to the general prohibition of resale price maintenance . It was argued that the agreement helped to keep small and specialized booksellers in business, and was thus good for the reading public. The Net Book Agreement was abandoned in 1995...
Net Book Agreement Reference library
The Oxford Companion to the Book
... Book Agreement ( NBA ) A set of arrangements in the UK under which minimum prices were set for books until 1995 . In the later 19 th century, booksellers competed on price, and publishers faced a shrinking book trade as weaker outlets closed and successful shops concentrated on faster-selling titles. Fixed or ‘net’ prices, it was argued, would bring stability to the book trade. A leading proponent was Frederick *Macmillan , and the first net book was Alfred Marshall ’s Principles of Economics ( 1890 ). A form of the NBA began in 1900 , enforced by...
Net Book Agreement Quick reference
A Dictionary of Publishing
...Net Book Agreement ( NBA ) A resale price maintenance agreement made in 1899 between the UK Publishers Association and UK and Irish booksellers that books would be sold to the public at the price set by the publisher, and that a bookseller attempting to sell a book at a lower price would no longer be supplied with books from that publisher. Educational, and certain academic, books were excluded from the NBA. In 1991 two major booksellers started selling books at discounted prices, and in 1995 several major publishers decided to withdraw from the NBA. In...
Net Book Agreement Reference library
Brewer's Dictionary of Modern Phrase & Fable (2 ed.)
... Book Agreement . The agreement set up in Britain in 1900 between booksellers and publishers, by which, with a few exceptions, the former undertook not to sell books at less than the price marked on the cover. The agreement effectively collapsed in 1995 when three major publishers, HarperCollins, Random Century and Penguin Books , withdrew their support. Since then, while the so-called ‘deep discounting’ of some bestsellers and selected other titles by bookshops and, increasingly, supermarkets has altered the expectations of book buyers, the vast majority...
Net Book Agreement
12 The Economics of Print Reference library
Alexis Weedon
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...in the value of a book were well embedded, however. Copyright law was underpinned through international agreement; the printing and book-manufacturing industries were mechanized and competitive; the professional associations representing the booksellers, publishers, and authors cooperated in their members’ economic interests; and, significantly, the financial basis of this close-knit industry, the Net Book Agreement, had survived the two world wars. Bibliography Altick J. Barnes , ‘Depression and Innovation in the British and American Book Trade, 1819–1939’,...
20c The History of the Book in Britain from 1914 Reference library
Claire Squires
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...a strong return on investment, and viewed their operations as businesses first, and purveyors of culture and information second. The *Net Book Agreement , established at the very beginning of the 20 th century, but dissolved in its final years, symbolically brought to an end the argument that, compared to other goods, ‘books are different’, a phrase that was used in an unsuccessful challenge to the agreement in the 1960s . Heavy discounting practices followed the NBA’s dissolution. In the competitive environment of the 1990s and 2000s , with...
23 The History of the Book in the Low Countries Reference library
Paul Hoftijzer
The Oxford Companion to the Book
... 1970s , when two more book clubs were created. Together they achieved a temporary market share of no less than 20 per cent. A characteristic feature of the Dutch book trade was the fixing of book prices, a collective agreement among publishers and retailers enforcing uniform pricing, with the intention of guaranteeing a varied supply of books ( cf . net book agreement ). One undesired effect, however, was overproduction. At the same time, new collective initiatives were adopted by the various branch organizations of the book trade. Book promotion was now...
46 The History of the Book in Latin America (including Incas, Aztecs, and the Caribbean) Reference library
Eugenia Roldán Vera
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...with its past colonies, and successive Spanish governments saw in the book trade a vehicle for this. Thus, new international involvement, and the implementation of a fiscal regime more or less favourable for book exports to the region from the late 1910s to the 1930s , led Spain to become a power in Spanish-language publishing. By 1932 , Spain’s book exports had reached US $1,214,000 (Subercaseaux, 148). Similarly, French involvement in World War I also resulted in a decrease of book exports to Brazil, which in turn favoured Portuguese exports to its...
20b The History of the Book in Britain, 1801–1914 Reference library
Leslie Howsam
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...world, establishing offices not only in the colonies but in North America. The book culture at the turn of the 20 th century was very different from the mid-Victorian trade. The three-decker novel format came to an end, while the *penny dreadful flourished. A Society of Authors was founded in 1883 to protect its members’ literary property. Authors’ *literary agent s began to undertake the filtering services previously handled by *publisher s’ readers. A *Net Book Agreement in 1890 ensured that price competition would not damage the infrastructure of...
48 The History of the Book in America Reference library
Scott E. Casper and Joan Shelley Rubin
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...were offering customers a bargain by charging less than the standard markup. To counter that tactic, the American Publishers’ Association and the *American Booksellers Association devised a ‘net pricing system’ (modelled on Britain’s *Net Book Agreement ) that prohibited publishers from distributing titles to price-cutters. R. H. Macy ’s legal challenge to net pricing, which the Supreme Court upheld in 1913 , required publishers to accept discounting and the uncertain profits it entailed. Subsequent efforts in the 1930s and 1940s to make retailers...
28 The History of the Book in Italy Reference library
Neil Harris
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...pedagogical thinking the concept that the education of young gentlemen and of governing elites should be based on the intensive study of a remote dead language. The net outcome was that, for 400 years, students sweated over Aeschylus and Sophocles in the classroom, becoming adults who shared a common forma mentis . Focusing on Aldus’s part in this intellectual upheaval allows Italy’s role in book history to be better defined. Most of the high moments in the canonical interpretation sketched out in the introduction of this essay have common ground in the same...
44 The History of the Book in Australia Reference library
Ian Morrison
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...well as the short-lived magazine the Native Companion ( 1907 ), which published the New Zealand writer Katherine Mansfield ’s first stories. When the *Berne Convention on international copyright was signed in 1886 , Australia was part of the British empire, and the *Net Book Agreement of 1900 perpetuated British control of the Australian market. Although Australian writers were free to seek out US publishers, British editions of their works took precedence in their home country—and Australian literary history has been framed largely within the history...
24 The History of the Book in Germany Reference library
John L. Flood
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...in the reproduction of illustrations. The advantages such innovations conferred went hand in hand with improvements in the organization of the book trade, especially through the *Börsenverein des deutschen Buchhandels, established at Leipzig in 1825 and soon embracing publishers, wholesalers, and retailers of books throughout the German-speaking world. In 1887 , the Börsenverein introduced a net price agreement, saving smaller booksellers from being undercut by unscrupulous profiteers. Though the German states lagged behind England and France in...
Agricultural History Quick reference
David Hey
The Oxford Companion to Local and Family History (2 ed.)
...more capital per acre and were therefore more productive. The achievements of the 1750–1850 period were considerable. At the very time that Malthus was making his gloomy prophecies, the direct link between population and prices was broken for the first time in British history. Net food imports rose by about a third, but were paid for by increased exports of manufactured goods. A falling proportion of the national workforce was able to produce most of the food that was necessary to sustain a population that was increasingly divorced from the land....
The Four Gospels in Synopsis Reference library
Henry Wansbrough
The Oxford Bible Commentary
...Matthew (or vice versa), the links between Matthew and Luke can be accounted for without the intervention of any Q. The large number of minor agreements (some calculate there are as many as 1,000) between Matthew and Luke against Mark demands some explanation in the sources. It may, however, be approached at various levels: 1. The minor agreements. In texts of this length it is quite possible that many agreements may occur where Matthew and Luke make the same change to their version of Mark by sheer coincidence. This will especially be the case where they...
Ecclesiasticus, or The Wisdom of Jesus Son of Sirach Reference library
John J. Collins and John J. Collins
The Oxford Bible Commentary
...as the centrepiece of the book. It is often regarded as the introduction to the second part of the book (e.g. Segal 1972 ; Roth 1980 ; Skehan and DiLella 1987 ), with a view to finding a symmetrical structure in the book as a whole. Since each of the wisdom poems in 1:1–10, 4:11–19, 6:18–37 , and 14:20–15:10 , introduces a section, so it is argued does ch. 24 . Against this, however, the second half of the book is not punctuated by wisdom poems as the first had been. The only true wisdom poem in the remainder of the book is found in 51:13–30 , which...
Modern Translations Reference library
Stanley E. Porter
The Oxford Illustrated History of the Bible
...forms, including availability on the internet and on CD-ROMs. Whereas most of these translations are electronic forms of previously made translations, one translation, the NET Bible (New English Translation), has been developed in both print and electronic form from the start. Distinctives of this translation are its availability for distribution through the net and its publication with extensive notes, which, commenting on a range of issues from language to theology, reveal a conservative orientation to understanding the Bible. This brief survey...
The Principle of Movement in the Structure of Islam Reference library
Muhammad Iqbal
Liberal Islam: A Sourcebook
...Protestant revolution in Europe, and the lesson which the rise and outcome of [Martin] Luther's [16th-century Protestant Reformation] movement teaches should not be lost on us. A careful reading of history shows that the Reformation was essentially a political movement, and the net result of it in Europe was a gradual displacement of the universal ethics of Christianity by systems of national ethics. The result of this tendency we have seen with our own eyes in the Great European War [World War I] which, far from bringing any workable synthesis of the two...
Essay with Commentary on Post-Biblical Jewish Literature Reference library
Philip S. Alexander
The Oxford Bible Commentary
...most important of these collections is the biblical book of Psalms. While many of the Psalms go back to the pre-exilic period, it has long been suspected that a proportion is post-exilic in origin (some being possibly as late as the Hasmonean period), and that the collection as a whole was not put together till fairly late in Second Temple times. The numerous copies of the Psalter from Qumran show how fluid the collection still was even in the first century bce . Though the copies are in broad agreement as to content, they differ significantly as to the...
