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Kantian ethics

Subject: Medicine and health

An approach to moral questions deriving from the teachings and writing of the German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724–1804). It is characterized by an emphasis on the rational endeavour of ...

Kantian ethics

Kantian ethics   Quick reference

Concise Medical Dictionary (10 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2020
Subject:
Medicine and health, Clinical Medicine
Length:
101 words

... ethics approaches to moral questions based on the thought of the German philosopher Immanuel Kant ( 1724–1804 ) . These seek to discover what is morally right by asking what basic rules all rational people ( see autonomy ) could adopt for themselves and then act on as an imperative matter of duty , regardless of their personal desires or of the possible consequences ( see deontology ; consequentialism ). The Kantian tradition has been influential in medical ethics, especially in its insistence that every human life must be treated as an end...

Kantian ethics

Kantian ethics   Reference library

R. S. Downie

The Oxford Companion to Philosophy (2 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
Philosophy
Length:
626 words

...distinguished recent exponent has been John Rawls , who accepts the core Kantian idea of mutually respecting autonomous rational wills, but adds to it ideas of his own to constitute the basis of his theory of justice. It is a nice point in many given cases when a theory is simply influenced by Kantian ethics, as distinct from being an example of Kantian ethics. An Existentialist such as Jean-Paul Sartre would not be happy with the idea that he was offering a version of Kantian ethics, but there is no doubt that he is greatly influenced by Kant. In Sartre (as...

Kantian ethics

Kantian ethics  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Medicine and health
An approach to moral questions deriving from the teachings and writing of the German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724–1804). It is characterized by an emphasis on the rational endeavour of determining ...
narrative ethics

narrative ethics  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Medicine and health
An approach to ethical problems and practice that involves listening to and interpreting people’s stories rather than applying principles or rules to particular situations. This context-specific ...
autonomy in applied ethics

autonomy in applied ethics  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Philosophy
The concept of personal autonomy, used in a broad sense which goes beyond its Kantian origins, has been much invoked in recent writing on issues in applied ethics. It has ...
imperative

imperative  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Medicine and health
n. in ethics, a rule, principle, or law used to direct or guide one’s actions. Kantian ethics distinguishes between categorical and hypothetical imperatives. Whereas the latter are merely prudent or ...
right

right  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Medicine and health
1. adj. in accordance with ethical principles or accepted professional standards. There may be more than one right action in any given circumstance. The tradition of Kantian ethics maintains that an ...
particularism

particularism  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Medicine and health
n. a school of moral thought proposing that attention to the specifics and details of a situation is required to determine the preferred course of action. Such an approach is contrary to theories ...
deontology

deontology  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Medicine and health
1. a theoretical approach to ethical questions in which moral obligation is seen as arising from certain unvarying rules and principles, which are universal, i.e. they should be followed irrespective ...
Christine Korsgaard

Christine Korsgaard  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Philosophy
(1952– ).American philosopher, Professor at Harvard. Korsgaard is one of the leading interpreters of Kant's moral philosophy and exponents of contemporary Kantian ethics. In her book The Sources of ...
neo-Kantianism

neo-Kantianism  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Philosophy
A general term for any doctrine in metaphysics or ethics owing its inspiration to Kant, but more particularly a term for various philosophical trends of this kind prominent in Germany between 1870 ...
problems of the philosophy of education

problems of the philosophy of education  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Philosophy
An area where philosophical understanding is applied to the illumination of issues in education—where this notion covers upbringing within the family as well as learning in schools and other ...
choice

choice  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Philosophy
The philosophical crux is whether choice is a process in which different desires, pressures, and attitudes fight it out and eventually result in one decision and action, or whether in addition there ...
modern Greek philosophy

modern Greek philosophy  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Philosophy
What point of origin one selects for modern Greek philosophy is to a certain extent an arbitrary matter. For, on the one hand, intellectual phenomena never fall neatly into line ...
moral particularism

moral particularism  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Philosophy
The view owing its ancestry to Aristotle, and defended by the contemporary British philosopher Jonathan Dancy, that in deciding the rights and wrongs of action general principles are of little value: ...
ethics (Hooker to Ayer)

ethics (Hooker to Ayer)  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Philosophy
It is common to think of ‘the British moralists’ as a clearly defined group of moral philosophers in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Sir L. A. Selby-Bigge's two-volume anthology with ...
categorical imperative

categorical imperative  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Science and technology, Psychology
In Kantian ethics, the universal moral law, by which all rational beings are by duty constrained to act. The term was introduced in the Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals (1785).[...]
Bernard Arthur Owen Williams

Bernard Arthur Owen Williams  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Philosophy
(1929–2003)English philosopher. Born in Essex, Williams was educated at Balliol College, Oxford, and held Fellowships at All Souls and New College. He was professor of philosophy at Cambridge from ...
Anthony Quinton

Anthony Quinton  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Philosophy
(1925–2010).British philosopher, based in Oxford and member of the House of Lords, who wrote on political philosophy, ethics and metaphysics, the philosophy of mind, and a variety of historical ...
Richard Mervyn Hare

Richard Mervyn Hare  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Philosophy
(1919–2002)R. M. Hare was born in Backwell, Somerset on 21 March 1919 and died in Ewelme, Oxfordshire on 29 January 2002. He married Catherine Verney in 1947, and they ...

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