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Heraclitus (c.540–c.480bce) Reference library
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome
...through all” (DK 22 B41). Here, too, Heraclitus’ thought was a major influence on Stoicism. His fragments contain a trace of early theodicy when Heraclitus characteristically contrasts the human perspective with the divine perspective: “for god all things are fine, good, and just, but human beings have taken some things to be unjust and other things to be just” (DK 22 B102). Unity: Soul and Community. Heraclitus was a pioneer in his treatment of soul. In Homer souls had been the ghostly inhabitants of Hades, but in Heraclitus souls inhabit our world and our...
Heraclitus (c.500 bc)([Philos.]) Quick reference
A Dictionary of Reference and Allusion (3 ed.)
... [Philos.] ( c .500 bc ) An early Greek philosopher who maintained that all things in the universe are in a state of constant change and that the mind derives a false idea of permanence of the external world from the passing impressions of experience. His gloomy view of the fleeting character of life led to him being called ‘the weeping philosopher’. > Mentioned in the context of pessimism He laments, like Heraclitus the Maudlin Philosopher, at other Men's Mirth. Samuel Butler Remains ...
Heraclitus (1) (c.500 bc) Reference library
Martha C. Nussbaum and Malcolm Schofield
The Oxford Classical Dictionary (4 ed.)
...to be thrown away than dung’. While his outlook is clearly aristocratic, Heraclitus stresses the importance of public law. All human laws, he insists, are nourished by one divine law: god represents for him the ultimate unifying perspective in which all oppositions are comprehended simultaneously. DK 22. 1; G. Kirk , Heraclitus: The Cosmic Fragments (1954); M. Marcovich , Heraclitus (1967); M. Nussbaum , Phronesis 1972, 1 ff., 153 ff.; C. H. Kahn , The Art and Thought of Heraclitus (1979); E. Hussey , in M. Schofield and M. Nussbaum (eds.), ...
Heraclitus (2) Reference library
Richard Allan Tomlinson
The Oxford Classical Dictionary (4 ed.)
... (2) Author of a work on Homeric Problems (late 1st or early 2nd cent. ad ), arguing that Homer's treatment of the gods is to be interpreted allegorically and that therefore any charge of impiety is ill-founded. See allegory, greek . Text and translation: D.A. Russell and D. Konstan (2005). Richard Allan...
Hēraclītus Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World
... (fl. c. 500 bc ), of Ephesus. Of aristocratic birth, he may have surrendered the (honorific) kingship voluntarily to his brother. He is said to have compiled a book and deposited it in the temple of Artemis . The surviving fragments are aphorisms, dense and cryptic. With implicit self‐description, Heraclitus writes that the Delphic god ( see delphic oracle ) ‘neither says nor conceals, but gives a sign’. The fragments form a cross‐referring network rather than a linear argument. Heraclitus' central concept is that of logos , by which he...
Heraclitus Reference library
Richard L. Gregory
The Oxford Companion to the Mind (2 ed.)
... ( c. 540– c. 480 bc ). Greek Pre-Socratic philosopher , born at Ephesus; he founded a school in the Ionian tradition. Fragments exist of his On Nature , which is divided into ‘On the Universe’, ‘Politics’, and ‘Theology’. It was placed in the Temple of Artemis, and it has been suggested that it was deliberately written so obscurely as to be intelligible only to aristocrats and scholars. Heraclitus' philosophy is based on unity in change; hence the famous remark of his follower Cratylus that ‘you cannot step twice into the same river’. Apparent...
Heraclitus (c.536–c.470 bc) Quick reference
World Encyclopedia
... ( c. 536– c. 470 bc ) Greek philosopher , b. Ephesus, Asia Minor . He believed that the outward, unchanging face of the universe masked a dynamic equilibrium in which all things were constantly changing, but with opposites remaining in balance. The elemental substance connecting everything was fire. Two sayings sum up his world view: "All things change" and "You cannot step into the same river...
Heraclitus Quick reference
Martha C. Nussbaum
Who's Who in the Classical World
... (fl. c. 500 bc ), son of Bloson of Ephesus. Of aristocratic birth, he may have surrendered the (honorific) kingship voluntarily to his brother. He is said to have compiled a book and deposited it in the temple of Artemis. The surviving fragments are aphorisms, dense and cryptic. With implicit self-description, Heraclitus writes that the Delphic god Apollo ‘neither says nor conceals, but gives a sign’. The fragments form a cross-referring network rather than a linear argument. Heraclitus' central concept is that of logos , by which he apparently...
Heraclitus (?540?480 ) Reference library
Brewer's Famous Quotations
...Heraclitus ? 540 ?480 Greek philosopher The past and present Are as one – Accordant and discordant Youth and age And death and birth – For out of one came all From all comes one. Edith Sitwell is buried in St Mary's churchyard extension, Weedon Lois, Northamptonshire, under a headstone designed by Henry Moore. It bears this, her own version of words from Heraclitus, which she had quoted in the concluding lines of her poem ‘The Wind of Early...
Heraclitus (c.550––c.475 bc) Reference library
Oxford Dictionary of Scientific Quotations
...Heraclitus c. 550 – – c. 475 bc Greek moral and natural philosopher Things of which there is sight, hearing, apprehension, these I prefer. Heraclitus, fr. 55. Trans. R. W. Sharples things of which there is sight Nature is accustomed to hide itself. Heraclitus, fr. 123. Trans. R. W. Sharples Nature is accustomed to hide Eyes and ears are bad witnesses for men who have barbarian souls. Heraclitus, fr. 107. Trans. R. W. Sharples eyes and ears are bad witnesses men who have barbarian souls Heraclitus son of Bloson (or, according to some, of Herakon)...
Heraclitus (c.540–c.480 bc) Reference library
Oxford Dictionary of Quotations (8 ed.)
... Heraclitus c. 540 – c. 480 bc Greek philosopher If you do not expect it, you will not find out the unexpected. On the Universe fragment 7 (translated by W. H. S. Jones) If you do not expect it not find out the unexpected War is the father of all and the king of all. On the Universe fragment 44 (translated by W. H. S. Jones) war is the father of all War is the father of all king of all It would not be better if things happened to men just as they wish. On the Universe fragment 104 It would not be better things happened to men just...
Heraclitus (c.540–c.480 bc) Quick reference
Oxford Essential Quotations (6 ed.)
...0 Heraclitus c. 540 – c. 480 bc Greek philosopher If you do not expect it, you will not find out the unexpected. On the Universe fragment 7 If you do not expect it not find out the unexpected War is the father of all and the king of all. On the Universe fragment 44 war is the father of all War is the father of all king of all It would not be better if things happened to men just as they wish. On the Universe fragment 104 It would not be better things happened to men just as they wish A man's character is his fate. On the Universe ...
Heraclitus OF EPHESUS (fl. c.500 bc) Quick reference
The Concise Oxford Companion to English Literature (4 ed.)
... OF EPHESUS ( fl. c. 500 bc ) Greek philosopher , commonly associated with the idea that ‘everything is in flux’. ‘Fluxing’ afterwards became associated with weeping: hence Heraclitus becomes ‘the weeping philosopher’, as opposed to the ‘laughing’ Democritus . More accurately he is ‘obscure’, preferring to express himself in aphorisms; more than 100...
Heraclitus of Ephesus Quick reference
A Dictionary of Scientists
... of Ephesus ( c. 500 bc ) Greek natural philosopher Virtually nothing is known of the life of Heraclitus and of his book On Nature only a few rather obscure fragments survive. His doctrines contrast with those of his near contemporary Parmenides for whom, on purely logical grounds, change of any kind was totally impossible. For Heraclitus, everything is continually in a state of change, hence his characteristic aphorism: “We cannot step twice into the same river,” and his selection of fire as the fundamental form of matter. The mechanism behind...
Heraclitus of Ephesus (d. after 480) Quick reference
A Dictionary of Philosophy (3 ed.)
... of Ephesus ( d. after 480 bc ) Both the life and work of Heraclitus are shadowy, and overlain by later legends and reworkings of his views. The one book he is known to have produced is lost, probably from early in antiquity, although he was often quoted and discussed. The guiding idea of his philosophy was that of the logos (law or principle) governing all things: this logos is capable of being heard or hearkened to by people, it unifies opposites, and it is somehow associated with fire, which is preeminent among the four elements that...
Heraclitus of Ephesus (500) Reference library
The Oxford Companion to English Literature (7 ed.)
... of Ephesus ( fl. c. 500 bc ) One of the formative figures in Greek philosophy, commonly associated with the idea that ‘everything is in flux’. ‘Fluxing’ afterwards became associated with weeping: hence Heraclitus becomes ‘the weeping philosopher’, as opposed to the ‘laughing’ Democritus . More accurately he is ‘obscure’, preferring to express himself in aphorisms; more than 100 survive. He may or may not (implicitly) have denied the law of contradiction—the compresence or state of concurrent existence (somehow) of opposites was evidently...
Heraclitus of Ephesus Reference library
E. L. Hussey
The Oxford Companion to Philosophy (2 ed.)
...Heraclitus' appeal has grown, in spite of his obscurity. Hegel explicitly acknowledged his indebtedness; Heidegger has given lengthy exegesis. Wittgenstein's Tractatus is rather similar to Heraclitus in style and perhaps partly in method. Mr E. L. Hussey See also Pre-Socratic philosophy . E. Hussey , ‘Epistemology and Meaning in Heraclitus’, in M. Schofield and M. Nussbaum (eds.), Language and Logos: Studies in Ancient Greek Philosophy Presented to G. E. L. Owen (Cambridge, 1982). C. H. Kahn , The Art and Thought of Heraclitus ...
Heraclitus Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable (2 ed.)
... ( c. 500 bc ), Greek philosopher . He believed that fire is the origin of all things and that permanence is an illusion, everything being in a (harmonious) process of constant...
Heraclitus Quick reference
New Oxford Rhyming Dictionary (2 ed.)
... • cactus • saltus • Diophantus • Sanctus • Rastus , Theophrastus • altostratus , cirrostratus, nimbostratus, stratus • conspectus , prospectus • momentous , portentous • asbestos , Festus • apparatus , Donatus, hiatus, status • acetous , boletus, Cetus, Epictetus, fetus, Miletus, quietus • Hephaestus • Benedictus , ictus, rictus • Quintus • linctus • eucalyptus • cistus • coitus • circuitous , fortuitous, gratuitous • Hippolytus • calamitous • tinnitus • Iapetus • crepitus • precipitous , serendipitous • impetus • emeritus •...
