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Grigori Zinoviev

(b. 11 Sept. 1883, d. 25 Aug. 1936). Soviet politician Born Radomyslsky Apfelbaum in Elizavetgrad, he joined the Russian Social Democratic Party in 1901 and supported the ...

Grigori Zinoviev

Grigori Zinoviev (1883–1936)   Reference library

Oxford Dictionary of Political Quotations (4 ed.)

Reference type:
Quotation
Current Version:
2012
Subject:
Quotations
Length:
94 words

...0Grigori Grigori Zinoviev 1883 – 1936 Soviet politician Armed warfare must be preceded by a struggle against the inclinations to compromise which are embedded among the majority of British workmen, against the ideas of evolution and peaceful extermination of capitalism. Only then will it be possible to count upon complete success of an armed insurrection. letter to the British Communist Party, 15 September 1924, in Times 25 October 1924 (the ‘Zinoviev Letter’, said by some to be a forgery) armed warfare must be preceded Armed warfare must be...

Grigori Zinoviev

Grigori Zinoviev (1883–1936)   Reference library

Oxford Dictionary of Quotations (8 ed.)

Reference type:
Quotation
Current Version:
2014
Subject:
Quotations
Length:
94 words

...0Grigori Grigori Zinoviev 1883 – 1936 Soviet politician Armed warfare must be preceded by a struggle against the inclinations to compromise which are embedded among the majority of British workmen, against the ideas of evolution and peaceful extermination of capitalism. Only then will it be possible to count upon complete success of an armed insurrection. letter to the British Communist Party, 15 September 1924, in Times 25 October 1924; the ‘Zinoviev Letter’, said by some to be a forgery armed warfare must be preceded Armed warfare must be...

Grigori Zinoviev

Grigori Zinoviev (1883–1936)   Reference library

Oxford Dictionary of Modern Quotations (3 ed.)

Reference type:
Quotation
Current Version:
2008
Subject:
Quotations
Length:
116 words

...0Grigori Grigori Zinoviev 1883 – 1936 Soviet politician Armed warfare must be preceded by a struggle against the inclinations to compromise which are embedded among the majority of British workmen, against the ideas of evolution and peaceful extermination of capitalism. Only then will it be possible to count upon complete success of an armed insurrection. widely reported as a purveyor of ‘Red Propaganda’; it has been suggested that the ‘Zinoviev Letter’ was deliberately leaked by British Intelligence prior to the October 1924 general election, or...

Zinoviev, Grigori Evseyevich

Zinoviev, Grigori Evseyevich (1883–1936)   Quick reference

World Encyclopedia

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2004
Subject:
Encyclopedias
Length:
115 words

..., Grigori Evseyevich ( 1883–1936 ) Russian revolutionary . A self-educated lawyer, Zinoviev joined the Bolsheviks in 1903 , and was active in the Russian Revolution of 1905 . He was a close collaborator of Lenin in exile ( 1908–17 ). In the Russian Revolution ( 1917 ), Zinoviev voted against seizing power but remained a powerful figure in St Petersburg and was appointed head of the Communist International in 1919 . Although he sided with Stalin against Trotsky in 1922 , Zinoviev was later expelled from the party and eventually...

Zinoviev, Grigori Yevseyevich

Zinoviev, Grigori Yevseyevich (1883–1936)   Quick reference

A Dictionary of World History (3 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
History
Length:
110 words

..., Grigori Yevseyevich ( 1883–1936 ) Soviet communist leader . Despite originally opposing the Russian Revolution , he became chairman of the Comintern (1919–26). In 1924 a letter apparently signed by him (known as the Zinoviev letter ) was sent to the British Communist Party, urging revolutionary activity within the army and in Ireland. Published in British Conservative newspapers four days before the general election, it may have swung the middle-class vote away from the Labour Party, who claimed (correctly) that it was a forgery. On ...

Zinoviev, Grigori Yevseevich

Zinoviev, Grigori Yevseevich (1883–1936)   Quick reference

Who's Who in the Twentieth Century

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2003
Subject:
History
Length:
289 words

..., Grigori Yevseevich ( 1883–1936 ) Russian revolutionary and chairman of Comintern ( 1919–26 ). Born in Yelisavetgrad (now Kirovograd) into a middle-class family, Zinoviev joined the Russian Social Democratic Workers Party in 1901 . He aligned himself with the Bolsheviks in 1903 and took part in the unsuccessful 1905 revolution, becoming closely associated with Lenin in the years that followed. Zinoviev played a significant part in the October Revolution ( 1917 ), and as one of the principal Bolshevik leaders he was put in charge of the...

Grigori Zinoviev

Grigori Zinoviev  

(b. 11 Sept. 1883, d. 25 Aug. 1936).Soviet politician Born Radomyslsky Apfelbaum in Elizavetgrad, he joined the Russian Social Democratic Party in 1901 and supported the Bolshevik faction in 1903, ...
Zinoviev letter

Zinoviev letter  

A letter published in the press in 1924 as having been sent by the Soviet politician Grigori Zinoviev (1883–1936) to British Communists, inciting them to subversion; it was later discovered to be a ...
Yevgeny Aleksandrovich Preobrazhensky

Yevgeny Aleksandrovich Preobrazhensky  

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Overview Page
(b. Bolkhoz, Central Russia, 1886; d. 1937)Russian; ‘Old Bolshevik’ and political theorist Preobrazhensky was the son of an Orthodox priest, and was a revolutionary sympathizer by the time he left ...
Comintern

Comintern  

Reference type:
Overview Page
(Communist International)Organization of national communist parties for the propagation of communist doctrine with the aim of bringing about a world revolution. It was established by Lenin (1919) in ...
Great Purge

Great Purge  

(1936–8,USSR)After coming to power in 1924 against Lenin's wishes, Stalin confirmed his position as leader of the Communist Party and the Soviet Union by using terror against his opponents, through ...
Andrei Yanuarovich Vyshinsky

Andrei Yanuarovich Vyshinsky  

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Overview Page
(b. Odessa, 11 Dec. 1883; d. New York, 22 Nov. 1954)Russian; Chief Procurator of the USSR 1935–9, Minister of Foreign Affairs 1949–53 Vyshinsky was of Polish extraction, the son of middle-class ...
Lev Borisovich Kamenev

Lev Borisovich Kamenev  

(22 July 1883, d. 25 Aug. 1936).Soviet politicianBorn Lev Borisovich Rosenfeld in Moscow, he was forced to abandon his law degree at Moscow University in 1902 owing to his political activities. He ...
Nikolai Ivanovich Yezhov

Nikolai Ivanovich Yezhov  

(b. 1895, d. 1939?).Head of Soviet Secret Police Born in St Petersburg, he joined the Bolsheviks in April 1917 and took part in the Russian (October) Revolution of 1917. During the Russian Civil War, ...
Sergei Mironovich Kirov

Sergei Mironovich Kirov  

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Overview Page
(b. 27 Mar. 1886, d. 1 Dec. 1934).Russian Communist revolutionaryBorn in Urzhum in the Vyatka province, he moved to St Petersburg, where he became an effective Bolshevik organizer in the Russian ...
Leon Trotsky

Leon Trotsky  

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Overview Page
Subject:
History
1879–1940)Russian revolutionary leader who, from the October Revolution to the death of Lenin, was the second most powerful man in the Soviet Union. He lost ground to Stalin after Lenin's death and ...
Bolshevism

Bolshevism  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Political theory and practice of the Bolshevik Party which, under Lenin, came to power during the Russian Revolution of October 1917. The Bolshevik (meaning ‘majority’) radical communist faction ...
Joseph Stalin

Joseph Stalin  

Reference type:
Overview Page
(born Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili) (1879–1953) Soviet statesman, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR (1922–53). Born in Georgia, he joined the Bolsheviks under Lenin in 1903 ...
Zinoviev letter

Zinoviev letter   Quick reference

A Dictionary of British History (3 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
History, Regional and National History
Length:
90 words

... letter Supposed to have brought down the first Labour government of 1924 . It bore the signature of Grigori Zinoviev , president of the Communist International (Comintern) in Moscow, and was addressed to the Communist Party of Great Britain , calling on it to sow subversion among the armed forces of the crown. There is a faint possibility that it was a forgery; and a stronger likelihood that it was deliberately ‘leaked’ by the British secret services, shortly before the October 1924 general election, to scare voters over to the...

Zinoviev letter

Zinoviev letter   Reference library

Bernard Porter

The Oxford Companion to British History (2 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
History, Regional and National History
Length:
109 words

... letter . Supposed to have brought down the first Labour government of 1924 . It bore the signature of Grigori Zinoviev, president of the Communist International (Comintern) in Moscow, and was addressed to the Communist Party of Great Britain , calling on it to sow subversion among the armed forces of the crown. There is a faint possibility that it was a forgery; and a stronger likelihood that it was deliberately ‘leaked’ by the British secret services , who intercepted it, shortly before the October 1924 general election, in order to scare voters...

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