tragedy, Greek Reference library
The Oxford Companion to Classical Civilization (2 ed.)
..., Greek ( see following page...
Tragedy, Greek Reference library
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome
...excerpts rather than whole tragedies. Although Greek tragedy continued to be performed and remained influential in Greek-speaking cities, the early Roman tragedians Quintus Ennius , Lucius Accius , and Marcus Pacuvius adapted them for a Latin-speaking world. Eventually artists at sixteenth-century Italian courts self-consciously developed opera as a sung form of poetic, mythological drama that included the choruses, recitative, and solos (monodies) of Greek tragedy. [ See also Actors and Acting ; Aeschylus ; Comedy, Greek ; Dionysia ; Euripides ; ...
tragedy, Greek Reference library
Richard A. S. Seaford, Patricia E. Easterling, Fiona Macintosh, and Fiona Macintosh
The Oxford Classical Dictionary (4 ed.)
...Cambridge Companion to Greek Tragedy (1997); C. Pelling (ed.), Greek Tragedy and the Historian (1997); S. Goldhill and R. Osborne (eds.), Performance Culture and Athenian Democracy (1999); H. P. Foley , Female Acts in Greek Tragedy (2001); C. Sourvinou-Inwood , Tragedy and Athenian Religion (2003); J. Gregory (ed.), A Companion to Greek Tragedy (2005); M. Revermann and P. Wilson (eds.), Performance, Iconography, Reception: Studies. Taplin (2008); E. Hall , Greek Tragedy (2010); L. A. Swift , The Hidden Chorus (2010). ...
tragedy, Greek Reference library
Richard A. S. Seaford, Patricia E. Easterling, Fiona Macintosh, and Fiona Macintosh
The Oxford Companion to Classical Civilization (2 ed.)
...II.4. Modern reception Reception of Greek tragedy has become a major focus in classical reception studies. With the realisation in the 1980s that there was a need to document the vibrant history of ancient plays in the modern world (especially noticeable with the increase in productions worldwide from the 1960s onwards) came the understanding that the performance history of Greek tragedy was an important part of the history of classical scholarship as well as theatre history. In recent years the reception of Greek tragedy has extended back into antiquity with...
tragedy, Greek Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World
..., Greek Tragedy, one of the most influential literary forms that originated in Greece, is esp. associated with Athens in the 5th cent. bc . All but one of the surviving plays date from the 5th cent., but these represent only a tiny sample of the vast body of material produced from the late 6th cent. onwards: thirteen new tragedies in a normal year in the latter part of the 5th cent. The popularity of the dramatic festivals at Athens attracted interest in other cities, with the result that performances of tragedy rapidly became common elsewhere, and what...
Greek tragedy
Troilus and Cressida Reference library
Michael Dobson and Anthony Davies
The Oxford Companion to Shakespeare (2 ed.)
...arrives, prophesying the destruction of Troy unless Helen is restored to the Greeks. Troilus, however, is unmoved, and Paris wishes to keep his abducted partner. Hector, though unpersuaded by their arguments, concedes that he too means to maintain the quarrel for the sake of Troy’s prestige, and tells them of the challenge he has sent the Greeks. 2.3 Thersites, still furious at his beating from Ajax, amuses Achilles and Patroclus with his railing. When the other Greek commanders arrive, with Ajax, Achilles withdraws into his tent and refuses to speak...
Richard III Reference library
Randall Martin and Anthony Davies
The Oxford Companion to Shakespeare (2 ed.)
...their own Gothic, Satanic villains. Modern studies of the play have tended to divide between those which approach it as a self-contained tragedy focused on the titular character and those which see it as the final instalment of the larger historical drama played out across the Henry VI plays. One area of interest from the first perspective is the play’s structural and rhetorical affinities with Greek and neo-Senecan tragedy, with Margaret, Elizabeth, and the Bosworth ghosts ritually invoking forces of nemesis and revenge, and Richmond acting as an agent of...
Introduction to the Apocrypha Reference library
Martin Goodman
The Oxford Bible Commentary
...a story is told of the revelation of a divine message to a sage; philosophical treatises, most notably in the writings of Philo of Alexandria; the composition of tragedies in the Greek style but on Jewish themes, of which only one, a play on the Exodus by a certain Ezekiel, is partially extant; the development of communal rules, as at Qumran; and, perhaps most importantly, the adoption of Greek genres of historiography to describe the past. In all these cases it is probable that the literary form had some connection to the ideas expressed in the text—so, for...
18 Theories of Text, Editorial Theory, and Textual Criticism Reference library
Marcus Walsh
The Oxford Companion to the Book
..., at the *Soncino Press; and the first Greek New Testament, the *Complutensian Polygot, was printed in 1514 but not published until 1522 . It was narrowly beaten to the market by Erasmus’s edition, which, despite being hurriedly edited from the few MSS readily to hand, became the basis of the textus receptus that would dominate for four centuries, underlying Robert *Estienne ’s editions ( 1546 and 1549 ), Beza’s Greek testaments ( 1565–1604 ), the *Authorized Version ( 1611 ), and the *Elzevier s’ Greek testament ( 1624 ). 3 After the...
The Winter’s Tale Reference library
Michael Dobson, Will Sharpe, and Anthony Davies
The Oxford Companion to Shakespeare (2 ed.)
...oracle’s pronouncement gave her hope of seeing her child again. Leontes matches Paulina with Camillo, and asks pardon from Polixenes and Hermione for his former suspicions. Artistic features: The play is perhaps most remarkable for its almost programmatic movement through the tragedy of Acts 1 to 3 to the pastoral comedy of Act 4 (pivoting on the immortal stage direction, ‘Exit, pursued by a bear’, at once catastrophic and farcical) and finally into the tentative, fragile tragicomedy of Act 5, its final scene at once wholly implausible and irresistibly...
Esther (Greek) Reference library
Adele Reinhartz and Adele Reinhartz
The Oxford Bible Commentary
...for example, argues that the body of the story as well as all the Additions were translated by Lysimachus except B and E, whose original language is Greek. Because Greek was present in Graeco-Roman Palestine, notes Bickerman ( 1944 : 357 ), LXX Esther is a remarkable and unusual example of Palestinian Greek. 2. If the colophon is authentic, then identifying the reigning Ptolemy provides a date for the Greek translation as a whole. Several Ptolemies had a reign of at least four years and wives named Cleopatra, including Ptolemy XII (77 bce ), favoured by ...
Lamentations Reference library
P. M. Joyce and P. M. Joyce
The Oxford Bible Commentary
...to the end of the chapter, with the exception of v. 17 ). ‘Is it nothing to you?’ ( v. 12 ): the Hebrew has merely ‘not to you’. It is perhaps preferable to take this as an assertion, ‘This is none of your business’, part of Zion's inconsistent emotional reaction to her tragedy. The end of v. 12 echoes ‘day of the Lord ’ language, as does v. 15 ( cf. 2:1, 21, 22 ); in the present circumstances, it is clear that the day of the Lord means bad news for Israel ( cf. Am 5:18 ). In a bloody image, ‘The Lord has trodden as in a wine press the virgin...
Coriolanus Reference library
Michael Dobson, Will Sharpe, and Anthony Davies
The Oxford Companion to Shakespeare (2 ed.)
...The last and most uniformly political tragedy in the canon can be dated by a number of topical allusions. Shakespeare’s interest in the story of the legendary Caius Martius and his antipathy towards the hungry mob may have been stimulated by the food riots which took place in the Midlands during 1607 and 1608 , while two minor details point to other recent events: the great frost of December 1607–January 1608 (alluded to at 1.1.171) and Hugh Middleton’s project to bring water to the City of London via the artificial ‘New River’, only completed...
The Downhill Path and Defense, Not Surrender Reference library
Rusmir Mahmutćehajić
Liberal Islam: A Sourcebook
...faithful to my beliefs. Notes 1. Khalid Durán , “Bosnia: Background to a Tragedy,” Church and Society , volume 84, number 3, January–February 1994, pp. 72–82 ; Smail Balic;, “Bosnia: The Challenge of a Tolerant Islam,” translated by John Bowden, in Hans Küng and Jürgen Moltman, editors, Islam: A Challenge for Christianity (London: SCM Press; Maryknoll,...
1700 to the Present Reference library
Ronald Clements
The Oxford Illustrated History of the Bible
...the composition of The Messiah, Handel's treatment of a wide selection of historical narratives concerning Joshua, Solomon, and other biblical heroes and heroines drew popular interest to these narratives. Even such unlikely subjects as the tragedy of Jephthah's daughter could be infused with sensitivity to the tragedies and disappointments which becloud human existence. The conventicles and private meetings for prayer and Bible study which had given strength and confidence to the religious and political tensions of the seventeenth century in England provided...
Israel among the Nations: The Persian Period Reference library
Mary Joan Winn Leith
Oxford History of the Biblical World
...of extensive trade with Greece and the west in the form of imported high-prestige-value eastern Greek and Attic pottery appears in the Phoenician cities of the coast and in the Shephelah, but far less of such pottery is found at poor inland sites in Judah and Samaria. Eastern influences (Babylonian, Assyrian, Egyptian) still dominated the material culture of inland Palestine. Any exposure to Greek culture in Judah and Samaria must have been indirect. There are no references, biblical or otherwise, to Greek natives in Judah or Samaria...
2 Maccabees Reference library
R. Doran and R. Doran
The Oxford Bible Commentary
...of Cyrene wrote his five-volume work or when the epitomist did his shortening, with dates for the latter ranging from around 124 to 63 bce . Nor can one be sure where the works were written. The epitomist has clearly learnt Greek well, and is aware of Greek historigraphical conventions, so he could have written anywhere in the Greek-speaking world. The opposition he shows towards the gymnasium suggests a city where some Jews were beginning to attend the gymnasium, but that again could be anywhere. E. Outline. The Prefixed Letters ( 1:1–2:18 ) The First...
Ecclesiasticus, or The Wisdom of Jesus Son of Sirach Reference library
John J. Collins and John J. Collins
The Oxford Bible Commentary
...world is constituted by pairs of opposites. A similar view leads to resignation in the face of death in ch. 41 . While Sirach has no place for judgement after death, he accords great significance to the manner of death. The sentiment expressed in 11:28 is a commonplace of Greek tragedy (e.g. Aesch. Ag. 1. 928; Soph. Oed. Rex, 1. 1529; see further Skehan and DiLella 1987 : 241 ). vv. 15–16 were added in a secondary recension, apparently by way of theological correction. v. 14 ascribes both good and evil to the Lord. v. 15 ascribes various good...
Acts Reference library
Loveday Alexander and Loveday Alexander
The Oxford Bible Commentary
...in Scripture ( v. 27 ), so that the human actors in the drama simply ‘carried out everything that was written of him’ ( v. 29 ): it was all part of God's plan ( 4:28; cf. 2:23 ). This is a classic case of tragic irony, and one that would be easily recognizable to readers of Greek tragedy. And it is the Jerusalem apostles whom Paul here singles out as the prime witnesses of the risen Christ to the people ( v. 30 ): Luke's Paul never claims to be a witness to the resurrection in his own right (contrast 1 Cor 15:8 ). ( 13:32–7 ) Paul's Synagogue Speech (3): The...
