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Goldstein, Eugen   Quick reference

A Dictionary of Scientists

..., Eugen (1850–1930) German physicist Goldstein , who was born at Gleiwitz (now Gliwice in Poland), studied for a year at the University of Breslau ( 1869–70 ) then worked with Hermann von Helmholtz at the University of Berlin. He was appointed physicist at the Berlin Observatory in 1878 , took his doctorate in 1881 , and later established his own laboratory. In 1927 he became head of the astrophysical section of the Potsdam Observatory. Goldstein's best-remembered scientific work is his studies of electrical discharges in gases at low pressures....

cathode ray tube   Reference library

The Oxford Companion to the History of Modern Science

...the relationship between electricity , matter, and the ether . Julius Plücker ( 1801–1868 ), William Crookes ( 1832–1919 ), and Eugen Goldstein ( 1850–1930 ) contributed to the instrumentation and analysis. With the achievement of higher vacua, the electrical discharge receded, and the presence of the ray issuing from the cathode could be inferred from the fluorescence it caused in the tube wall. In 1876 , Goldstein termed this agent “cathode ray.” In the fourth quarter of the nineteenth century, determining the nature of this ray became a significant...

Thomson, Sir Joseph John   Quick reference

A Dictionary of Scientists

...and much smaller than the smallest atoms known. This opened up the way for new concepts of the atom and for the study of subatomic particles. Thomson announced his discovery of a body smaller than the hydrogen atom in April 1897 . His later researches included studies of Eugen Goldstein's canal rays, which he named positive rays. These studies gave a new method ( 1912 ) of separating atoms and molecules by deflecting positive rays in magnetic and electric fields. Ions of the same charge-to-mass ratio form a parabola on a photographic plate. Using this...

cathode rays and gas discharge   Reference library

The Oxford Companion to the History of Modern Science

...As early as 1833 Michael Faraday investigated glows produced by electrical discharge through gases. Subsequently the invention of a mercury pump that could reduce gas pressures in glass tubes to as low as 10 −6 atmosphere multiplied investigations of the phenomena that Eugen Goldstein in 1876 called “Kathodenstrahlen” since the radiations appeared to flow from the negative, or cathode, pole of the vacuum tube. William Crookes , editor of Chemical News , found evidence in the 1870s and 1880s that the “rays” are negatively charged particles of matter....

Synaesthesia   Reference library

Encyclopedia of Aesthetics

...so until at least the early years of the twentieth. See also Perception ; Psychology of Art ; Science and Aesthetics ; and Symbolism . Bibliography Baron-Cohen, Simon , John Harrison , Laura H. Goldstein , and Maria Wyke . Coloured Speech Perception: is Synaesthesia What Happens When Modularity Breaks Down? Perception 22.4 (1993): 419–426. Bleuler, Eugen , and K. Lehmann . Zwangsmässige Lichtempfindungen durch Schall und verwandte Erscheinungen auf dem Gebiete der andern Sinnesempfindungen . Leipzig, 1881. Cuddy, L. L. The Color of Melody . Music...

Oral Traditions as Sources   Reference library

Stephen Belcher

The Oxford Encyclopedia of African Historiography: Methods and Sources

... R. S. Rattray , Akan-Ashanti Folktales (Oxford: Clarendon, 1930). 19. F.-V. Equilbecq , Contes populaires d’Afrique occidentale (Paris: G. P. Maisonneuve & Larose, 1972). 20. Leo Frobenius , Atlantis: Volksdichtung und Volksmärchen Afrikas , 12 vols. (Jena, Germany: Eugen Dietrichs, 1921–1928). 21. See the critique by Charles Monteil in “La légende de Ouagadou et l’origine des Soninké,” Mémoires de l’IFAN 23 (1953): 367–368. 22. Leo Frobenius , La civilisation africaine , trans. H. Back and D. Ermont (Paris: Le Rocher, 1987). 23. ...

Fitness Industry   Reference library

Ivo Van HILVOORDE and Rudolf (Ruud) STOKVIS

Berkshire Encyclopedia of World Sport (3 ed.)

...in common with practices in the related fields of physical education and physiotherapy. Internationally, the earliest successful strong man and founder of a fitness business was Eugen Sandow ( 1867–1925 ). Other well-known people who succeeded him were Bernarr Macfadden ( 1868–1955 ), Charles Atlas ( 1893–1972 ) and Bob Hoffman ( 1898–1985 ). The promotion tour that Eugen Sandow made through Europe in the 1880s, for example, led to the founding of many clubs for strength sports. Sandow established a chain of Institutes of Physical Culture in London...