Cornelius (RE 70) Balbus (2), Lucius Reference library
Theodore John Cadoux and Robin J. Seager
The Oxford Classical Dictionary (4 ed.)
... ( RE 70) Balbus (2), Lucius , nephew of L. Cornelius Balbus (1) and distinguished as ‘Balbus minor’ in Cicero's letters, received the Roman citizenship with his uncle. In 49 and 48 bc he undertook diplomatic missions for Caesar ; in 43 he was proquaestor in Further Spain under C. Asinius Pollio , who complained of his tyrannical conduct at Gades and of his absconding with the pay-chest. He was honoured by Augustus with a pontificate and consular rank. Proconsul of Africa ( 21–20 ?), he defeated the Garamantes and other peoples and...
Cornelius (RE 69) Balbus (1), Lucius Reference library
Guy Edward Farquhar Chilver and Robin J. Seager
The Oxford Classical Dictionary (4 ed.)
... ( RE 69) Balbus (1), Lucius , was born in Gades (Cadiz), a civitas foederata (i.e. it had a treaty with Rome), and distinguished as ‘Balbus maior’. He acquired Roman citizenship at Pompey 's instance in 72 bc . He moved to Rome, where his political sense and the wealth derived from his adoption ( c. 59 ) by Theophanes of Mytilene gave him enormous influence. Part architect of the coalition of 60 bc , he gradually shifted his allegiance from Pompey to Caesar , serving the latter as praefectus fabrum (officer of engineers; see fabri ) in...
Cornelius Balbus, Lucius
Cornelius Balbus, Lucius
Cornelius Lentulus Crus, Lucius
Gaius Oppius
fastī
Numantia
princeps
Semprōnius Gracchus, Tiberius
Campus Martius
Semprōnius Gracchus, Gāius
Tullius Cicero
names
Cornēlius Balbus Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World
... Balbus 2, Lūcius , nephew of Lucius Cornelius Balbus (1) and distinguished as ‘Balbus minor’ in Cicero's letters, received the Roman citizenship with his uncle. In 49 and 48 bc he undertook diplomatic missions for Caesar ; in 43 he was proquaestor in Further Spain under Asinius Pollio , who complained of his tyrannical conduct at Gades and of his absconding with the pay‐chest. Augustus made him a pontifex and gave him consular ornamenta . Proconsul of Africa ( 21–20? ), he defeated the Garamantes and other peoples and triumphed, a...
Cornelius (RE 218) Lentulus Crus, Lucius (58 bc) Reference library
Ernst Badian
The Oxford Classical Dictionary (4 ed.)
... ( RE 218) Lentulus Crus, Lucius , praetor 58 bc , became consul in 49 as an enemy of Caesar . Sent by the senate to govern Asia, he brought two legions from there to Dyrrachium , where L. Cornelius Balbus (1) vainly tried to bribe him to abandon Pompey. After Pharsalus he fled to Egypt and there met his death a day after Pompey . He is said by Caesar to have been made desperate by debt, and various sources (including at times Cicero , whom he had supported in 58 ) describe him as lazy, luxurious, and pretentious. He was the brother of...
Cornēlius Balbus Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World
... Balbus 1, Lūcius , b. in Gades (NW of Gibraltor), and distinguished as ‘Balbus maior’. He acquired Roman citizenship at Pompey 's instance in 72 bc . He moved to Rome, where his political sense and the wealth derived from his adoption ( c. 59 ) by Theophanes of Mytilene gave him enormous influence. Part architect of the coalition of 60, he gradually shifted his allegiance from Pompey to Caesar , serving the latter as ADC in 62 and 59 , and later managing his interests in Rome. In 56 he was prosecuted for illegal usurpation of the...
Balbus Reference library
The Oxford Companion to Classical Literature (3 ed.)
... A common cognomen in several Roman gentes ( see names [Roman] and gens ). Lucius Cornelius Balbus was a native of Gades (Cadiz), who had Roman citizenship conferred upon him in 72 bc through Pompey's influence, for his services to Rome in the war against Sertorius in Spain, and took a Roman name. He moved to Rome where, with Pompey's favour, he soon became a man of considerable importance, valued for his wealth and political sense. Prudently he cultivated Caesar's favour also, and partly brought about the coalition between Caesar, Pompey,...
Africa (Libya), exploration Reference library
Joyce Maire Reynolds
The Oxford Companion to Classical Civilization (2 ed.)
...exploration, often undertaken for military purposes. Already in 146 bc Scipio Aemilianus had despatched Polybius with a fleet down the west coast (Plin. HN 5. 9, 10). Later landmarks were the Jugurthine War (but Sallust’s account is disappointing); campaigns by Lucius Cornelius Balbus under Augustus and Valerius Festus under Vespasian against the Garamantes in the Fezzan (Plin. HN 5. 36–8), and by Suetonius Paulinus under Claudius in the Atlas mountains (ibid. 5. 14–15); investigative missions, probably under Domitian, attributed to Iulius Maternus...
Julius Maternus ((c. 90 CE),) Reference library
duane w. roller
Dictionary of African Biography
...this is modern Germa in the Fezzan region of Libya, a wealthy and prosperous district some 700 kilometers inland, whose rich archaeological remains—especially tombs and hilltop forts—are notable today. The Romans had first visited it in 19 BCE, during the expedition of Lucius Cornelius Balbus, and there had been additional Roman contact during the following century. Maternus, as a Roman official assigned to Leptis Magna, would have been well aware of Garama and probably knew its king, who obviously felt that he could call on the Romans for help. Even the...
