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Cleomenes I

Subject: Classical studies

Agiad king of Sparta (reigned c.520–490 bc), son of Anaxandridas II by a second, bigamous union. His long, activist reign was one of the half‐dozen most influential on record. He pursued ...

Cleomenes I

Cleomenes I   Quick reference

Paul Anthony Cartledge

Who's Who in the Classical World

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2003
Subject:
Classical studies, History
Length:
344 words

... I , Agiad king of Sparta (reigned c. 520–490 bc ), son of Anaxandridas II by a second, bigamous union. His long, activist reign was one of the half-dozen most influential on record. He pursued an adventurous and at times unscrupulous foreign policy aimed at crushing Argos and extending Sparta's influence both inside and outside the Peloponnese. It was during his reign, but not entirely according to his design, that the Peloponnesian League came formally into existence. He embroiled Thebes with Athens and frustrated Thebes' plans for a united Boeotian...

Cleomenēs I

Cleomenēs I   Quick reference

The Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2007
Subject:
Classical studies, History
Length:
293 words

... I , Agiad king of Sparta (reigned c. 520–490 bc ), son of Anaxandridas II by a second, bigamous union. His long, activist reign was one of the half‐dozen most influential on record. He pursued an adventurous and at times unscrupulous foreign policy aimed at crushing Argos and extending Sparta's influence both inside and outside the Peloponnese. It was during his reign, but not entirely according to his design, that the Peloponnesian League came formally into existence. He embroiled Thebes with Athens and frustrated Thebes' plans for a united ...

Cleomenes (1) I

Cleomenes (1) I   Reference library

Paul Anthony Cartledge

The Oxford Classical Dictionary (4 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2012
Subject:
Classical studies, History
Length:
403 words

... (1) I , Agiad king of Sparta (reigned c. 520–490 bc ), son of Anaxandridas II by a second, bigamous union. His long, activist reign was one of the half-dozen most influential on record. He pursued an adventurous and at times unscrupulous foreign policy aimed at crushing Argos (1) and extending Sparta's influence both inside and outside the Peloponnese. It was during his reign, but not entirely according to his design, that the Peloponnesian League came formally into existence. He embroiled Thebes (1) with Athens and frustrated Thebes’ plans...

Cleomenes I

Cleomenes I  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
Agiad king of Sparta (reigned c.520–490 bc), son of Anaxandridas II by a second, bigamous union. His long, activist reign was one of the half‐dozen most influential on record. He pursued an ...
The Winter’s Tale

The Winter’s Tale   Reference library

Michael Dobson, Will Sharpe, and Anthony Davies

The Oxford Companion to Shakespeare (2 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
Literature, Shakespeare studies and criticism, Performing arts, Theatre
Length:
3,428 words
Publisher:
Oxford University Press

...his country’s borders. When news arrives that the messengers are on their way from the oracle, preparations are instigated for Hermione’s trial. 3.1 Cleomenes and Dion reflect with satisfaction on their experiences at Apollo’s oracle. 3.2 Before Leontes, Hermione is formally accused of treasonous adultery with Polixenes: she eloquently denies the charge, and refers her innocence to the oracle. Cleomenes and Dion swear they have faithfully brought the oracle’s written declaration, sealed and unread. Unsealed, the scroll declares that Hermione is innocent...

Dorieus

Dorieus  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
‘the Dorian’, royal Spartan, a younger half-brother of Cleomenes (1) I by their polygamous father's first wife. Jealousy, ambition, and disaffection prompted him to lead a colonizing expedition (only ...
Cleomenes III

Cleomenes III  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
Agiad king of Sparta (reigned c.235–222bc). The son of Leonidas, he imbibed ideals of social revolution from his wife Agiatis, widow of his father's opponent Agis IV. Before implementing those ideals ...
Dēmarātus

Dēmarātus  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
Eurypontid king of Sparta (reigned c.515–491 bc). He twice obstructed his Agiad co‐king Cleomenes I. Dethroned on a false charge of illegitimacy manipulated through Delphi by Cleomenes, he Medized by ...
Agiads

Agiads  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
The Agiads were the senior royal house at Sparta, descended mythically from the elder of Heraclid twins (Herodotus 6. 52; see Heracles); the junior was known as the Eurypontids. The ...
Telesilla

Telesilla  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
Argive poet (see Argos (2)) of the 5th cent. bc. Later tradition (probably of Argive origin, since her statue at Argos (2) showed her putting on a helmet: Pausanias 2. ...
Hippias

Hippias  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
Tyrant (see tyranny) of Athens 527–510 bc, elder son and successor of Pisistratus, in close association with his brother Hipparchus (1). His rule was at first mild. Leading aristocrats held the ...
Arcadian League

Arcadian League  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
Common ethnic identity led to Arcadian federation (see federal states), particularly in the 4th cent. bc. The coin-legend Arkadikon suggests federal ambitions in the 5th cent. bc, and the Spartan ...
Leotychidas II

Leotychidas II  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
Eurypontid king of Sparta (reigned 491–469 bc), succeeded his cousin and former marriage‐rival, the deposed Dēmarātus. In 479, as commander‐in‐chief of the ‘Hellenic League’ fleet, he fomented the ...
Alcmaeonidae

Alcmaeonidae  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
A noble Athenian family prominent in politics. Its first eminent member was Megacles, who as archon (see archontes), perhaps in 632/1 bc, involved it in a hereditary curse (see Cylon). ...
Leonidas

Leonidas  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
(died 480 bc)King of Sparta. He won immortal fame when he commanded a Greek force against the invading Persian army at the pass of Thermopylae. He held the pass long enough to make possible the naval ...
Cleisthenes

Cleisthenes  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
Athenian politician, of the Alcmaeonid family, son of Megacles and Agaristē, daughter of Cleisthenes (1) of Sicyon. He was archon (see archontes) under the tyrant Hippias (1) in 525/4 bc, but later ...
river-gods

river-gods  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
Rivers and seas are ultimately derived from Oceanus, the mythical father of all rivers. As personifications of seemingly animate powers river‐gods such as Scamander in the Trojan plain may assume ...
Medici Venus

Medici Venus  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Art & Architecture
Marble statue of naked Venus (Uffizi, Florence), first recorded for certain in 1638 in the Villa Medici in Rome. The base is inscribed in Greek ‘Cleomenes son of Apollodorus’ (about whom nothing is ...
Argos

Argos  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
A city in the NE Peloponnese of Greece. One of the oldest cities of ancient Greece, it dominated the Peloponnese and the western Aegean in the 7th century bc. Argive, a citizen of Argos, is used ...
Peloponnesian League

Peloponnesian League  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
The earliest known and longest‐lasting Greek offensive and defensive alliance. The name is modern and inaccurate, since the alliance was neither all‐ and only Peloponnesian nor a league (the members ...

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