Cicero Reference library
The Oxford Companion to Classical Civilization (2 ed.)
... ( see page 166...
CICERO Reference library
The Oxford Companion to World War II
... , codename for the German spy, Elyeza Bazna...
Cicero Reference library
Concise Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain
... 1881: 0. Italian: nickname from cicero ‘pea’ (Latin cicer , ciceris ‘chickpea, lentil’), perhaps for someone who grew or sold...
Cicero Reference library
Anne Button
The Oxford Companion to Shakespeare (2 ed.)
... is a senator in Julius Caesar (not included in the conspiracy). Marcus Tullius Cicero ( 106–43 bc ) was a philosopher, orator, and statesman. Anne...
Cicero (Illinois/USA) Quick reference
Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Place Names (6 ed.)
...Cicero , Illinois/USA Named in the 1830s after the small town in New York State, which itself was named after Cicero ( 106–43 bc ), the famous Roman orator, statesman, and...
Cicero Reference library
Dictionary of American Family Names (2 ed.)
... US frequency (2010): 3399 Italian (southern): from cicero ‘pea’ (from Latin cicer , ciceris ‘chickpea, lentil’), possibly a metonymic occupational name for someone who grew or sold peas, or perhaps as a nickname for someone with a carbuncle or pimple. Compare Lo Cicero . History: The Roman republican lawyer and statesman Cicero was so named because he had a growth resembling a chickpea on his face. Some characteristic forenames: Italian Salvatore, Vito, Angelo, Giovanni, Nunzio, Carmelo, Emanuele, Giuseppe, Carmine, Concetto, Enrico,...
Cicero Reference library
Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase & Fable (19 ed.)
... cicero . Cicero of France, The Jean Baptiste Massillon ( 1663–1742 ), a noted pulpit orator. Cicero of Germany, The John, Elector of Brandenburg (ruled 1486–99 ). Cicero of the British Senate, The George Canning ( 1770–1827 ). Bouche de Cicéron, La Philippe Pot , chief minister of Louis XI of France ( 1428–94 ). British Cicero, The William Pitt, Earl of Chatham ( 1708–78 ). Christian Cicero, The Lucius Coelius Lactantius or Lactantius Firmianus , a Christian Father ( c. 260– c. 340 ad ). German Cicero, The Johannes Sturm ( 1507–89 ), printer and...
Cicero Reference library
John Percy Vyvian Balsdon, Miriam T. Griffin, Jonathan G. F. Powell, John Hedley Simon, and Dirk Obbink
The Oxford Companion to Classical Civilization (2 ed.)
...concealed his distaste for Cicero’s policy of temporizing expediency, both at this period and when he capitulated to the Three in 56. With Pompey Cicero never established the intimacy to which, particularly after Pompey’s return in 62, he aspired, suggesting that he might play a second Laelius to Pompey’s Scipio. Few of his contemporaries, perhaps, held him in higher esteem than did his constant opponent Caesar who, though often with an imperiousness which Cicero could not tolerate, was always friendly in his approach. Cicero was not a discriminating judge...
Cicero (106–43bce) Reference library
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome
... (Marcus Tullius Cicero; 106–43 bce ), Roman politician , writer , philosopher , orator , and advocate . [ This entry includes two subentries, on the life and career of Cicero and on Cicero's philosophy .] The Life of Cicero Marcus Tullius Cicero ( 106–43 bce ) was a Roman politician, writer, and advocate. Cicero's plausible self-description was that he was Rome's greatest orator and a voice for moderation in politics and morals, and this is largely how he has been received by later ages. In his own time, however, his life might just as well...
Cicero (106–43bc) Reference library
The Oxford Companion to Italian Literature
... ( 106–43 bc ). Marcus Tullius Cicero , the greatest classical Roman orator, was still read throughout the Middle Ages but exercised most influence in the Renaissance . Mentioned by Dante for his philosophical tracts, he became Petrarch 's idol not just for his ethical instruction but also for the sheer sound of his Latin. His popularity reached its apogee in the 15th and early 16th c., when, in the imitation debate, the Ciceronians Paolo Cortesi and Pietro Bembo championed his status as the sole model for writing Latin. His influence remained...
Cicero (106–43 b.c.e.) Reference library
The Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History
...the formal speeches were only one part of court proceedings; examination of witnesses, cross-examination, and debate with opposing advocates were also vital. When Cicero came to publication, although the text apparently represented one forensic speech, it might also incorporate material that emerged elsewhere in the trial. Legal Procedure in Cicero's Time. On at least two occasions Cicero spoke in criminal trials instituted by a magistrate before an assembly of the people, but the majority of his criminal cases were held in a jury court ( quaestio )...
Cicero (106–43 bc) Reference library
The Oxford Companion to Western Art
... Orator 9, Cicero presents a tradition of art criticism that sees the classicism of Phidias as the pinnacle of achievement; this view is preserved to a greater extent in Quintilian . The speeches against Verres , a provincial governor in Sicily renowned for his avarice in acquiring works of art, also provide an overview of the kinds of material desired and the relative values of works of art. Lori-Ann Touchette Leen, A. , ‘Cicero and the Rhetoric of Art’, American Journal of Philology , 112 (1991). Marvin, M. , ‘Copying in Roman Sculpture: The Replica...
Cicero (106–43 bc) Reference library
Oxford Dictionary of Political Quotations (4 ed.)
...0 Cicero 106 – 43 bc Roman orator and statesman . On Cicero: see plutarch , stevenson ; see also misquotations For he delivers his opinions as though he were living in Plato's Republic rather than among the dregs of Romulus. of M. Porcius Cato, the Younger Ad Atticum delivers his opinions dregs of Romulus dregs of Romulus Salus populi suprema est lex. The good of the people is the chief law. De Legibus ; see selden salus populi Salus populi good of the people good of the people chief law Let war yield to peace, laurels to paeans. De...
Cicero (106–43 bc) Quick reference
Oxford Essential Quotations (6 ed.)
...0 Cicero ( Marcus Tullius Cicero ) 106 – 43 bc Roman orator and statesman . See also Caldwell , Caldwell There is nothing so absurd but some philosopher has said it. De Divinatione bk. 2, ch. 119 nothing so absurd but some philosopher has said it Salus populi suprema est lex. The good of the people is the chief law. De Legibus bk. 3, ch. 8 salus populi Salus populi good of the people good of the people ‘Ipse dixit.’ ‘Ipse’ autem erat Pythagoras. ‘He himself said’, and this ‘himself’ was Pythagoras. De Natura Deorum bk. 1, ch. 10...
Cicero (106–43 bc) Reference library
Oxford Dictionary of Quotations (8 ed.)
... Cicero ( Marcus Tullius Cicero ) 106 – 43 bc Roman statesman , orator , and writer . On Cicero: see catullus , dickens ; see also misquotations , misquotations Dicit enim tamquam in Platonis politeia , non tamquam in Romuli faece sententiam. For he delivers his opinions as though he were living in Plato's Republic rather than among the dregs of Romulus. of M. Porcius Cato, the Younger Ad Atticum bk. 2, letter 1, sect. 8 delivers his opinions dregs of Romulus dregs of Romulus Sed nescio quo modo nihil tam absurde dici potest quod...
Lo Cicero Reference library
Dictionary of American Family Names (2 ed.)
...Cicero US frequency (2010): 1444 Italian (also Locicero ): variant of Cicero , with the addition of the definite article lo . Some characteristic forenames: Italian Salvatore, Angelo, Sal, Mario, Alfio, Armando, Attilio, Carmine, Concetta, Cristina, Gasper, Gino, Giovanna, Guido, Orazio, Rosario,...
Tullius Cicero Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World
...for Cicero's policy of temporizing expediency, both at this period and when he capitulated to the Three in 56 . With Pompey Cicero never established the intimacy to which, esp. after Pompey's return in 62 , he aspired, suggesting that he might play a second Laelius to Pompey's Scipio ( see cornelius scipio aemilianus ). Few of his contemporaries, perhaps, held him in higher esteem than did his constant opponent Caesar , who, though often with an imperiousness which Cicero could not tolerate, was always friendly in his approach. Cicero was a...
Ci'cero Reference library
The Oxford Companion to Classical Literature (3 ed.)
...of Cicero, who thereby incurred Clodius' hatred. It appears that when Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus were about to form a political alliance in 59 , Caesar made advances to Cicero with a view to including him in the alliance, but Cicero could not reconcile himself to Caesar's unconstitutional attitude and adopted a course of opposition. Cicero's only surviving speech of this year (59) was Pro Flacco , a defence on a charge of extortion in his province of one of the praetors of 63 who had brought about the arrest of the Catilinarians. In it Cicero took the...
Tullius Cicero Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World
...Cicero 2, Marcus , b. 65 bc , son of Cicero and Terentia and thirteen years younger than Tullia . He was educated under his father's supervision and taken out to Cilicia by him in 51 . He was an obedient boy and a good soldier. He was a successful cavalry officer in the republican army in 49/8 . Pardoned after Pharsalus, he held office in the family's home town of Arpinum. He would have liked to serve under Caesar in Spain, but instead was sent to study in Athens in 45 . Cicero's Moral Obligation was written in the form of a letter to...
Cicero, Quintus Quick reference
John Percy Vyvian Dacre Balsdon and Miriam T. Griffin
Who's Who in the Classical World
..., Quintus ( Quintus Tullius Cicero ) ( c. 102–43 bc ), younger brother of Cicero and similarly educated (they were both in Athens in 79 bc ), had none of his brother's genius. He was irascible and often tactlessly outspoken; yet he was a good soldier and an able administrator. Plebeian aedile in 65 and praetor in 62 (helped, no doubt, by the fact that his brother Marcus was praetor and consul respectively when he was elected), he governed Asia from 61 to 58 , receiving two long letters of advice and criticism from his brother in Rome ( QFr. ...
