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Black Nationalism Reference library
Yohuru R. Williams
The Oxford Encyclopedia of American Social History
...Black Nationalism . New York: Viking Press, 1970. Joseph, Peniel. Waiting ’til the Midnight Hour: A Narrative History of Black Power in America . New York: Henry Holt, 2006. Shelby, Tommie. “Two Conceptions of Black Nationalism: Martin Delany on the Meaning of Black Political Solidarity.” Political Theory 31, no. 5 (2003): 664–692. Van Deburg, William L., ed. Modern Black Nationalism: From Marcus Garvey to Louis Farrakhan . New York: New York University Press, 1997. Williams, Yohuru. Black Politics, White Power: Civil Rights, Black Power, and the Black...
Black Nationalism Reference library
William L. Van Deburg
The Oxford Encyclopedia of American Cultural and Intellectual History
... Nationalism An important ideology in African American history, black nationalism is grounded in the belief that efforts to operate within a political system deemed racist and unresponsive to black needs are doomed to failure. Adapting traditional nationalist tenets to their own situation as members of a racially defined minority population, most African American nationalists have equated “racial” with “national” identities and goals. Joined by ties of history, kinship, and culture, they have viewed themselves as wholly differentiated from competing social...
Black Nationalism. Reference library
William L. Van Deburg
The Oxford Companion to United States History
...Black Nationalism. An important ideology in African American history, black nationalism is grounded in the belief that efforts to operate within a political system deemed racist and unresponsive to black needs are doomed to failure. Adapting traditional nationalist tenets to their own situation as members of a racially defined minority population, most African American nationalists have equated “racial” with “national” identities and goals. Joined by ties of history, kinship, and culture, they have viewed themselves as wholly differentiated from competing...
Black Nationalism Reference library
Black Women in America (2 ed.)
...in revolutionary black nationalism, with blacks and whites advocating the overthrow of the capitalist system; or Pan-Africanism, with all diasporan blacks uniting to combat a common oppression by racism and imperialism; or cultural nationalism, which reinforced African heritage and traditions, racial pride and solidarity, and the goals of black liberation through spiritual and artistic expressions. African dress and hairstyles also denoted evolving black consciousness, as did black protests on white campuses for departments and programs of black studies. A...
Black Nationalism Reference library
Encyclopedia of African American History, 1619–1895: From the Colonial Period to the Age of Frederick Douglass
... Nationalism [ This entry contains two subentries dealing with black nationalism from the seventeenth-century slave trade through the late nineteenth century. The first article discusses the first formations of African national identities and the influence of various revolutions on black nationalism, while the second focuses on the most significant figures of the movement .] The Evolution of Black Nationalism During the colonial period, the terms nations and nationalism were defined more by language or other cultural practices than by the political...
Black Nationalism Reference library
Encyclopedia of African American History 1896 to the Present
... Nationalism . Black nationalism is the belief system that endorses the creation of a black nation-state. It also supports the establishment of black-controlled institutions to meet the political, social, educational, economic, and spiritual needs of black people, independent of nonblacks. Celebration of African ancestry and territorial separatism are essential components of black nationalism. Though not fully developed into a cogent system of beliefs, the impulse of black nationalism finds its earliest expression in the resistance of enslaved Africans to...
black nationalism noun Quick reference
New Oxford American Dictionary (3 ed.)
... nationalism ▶ noun the advocacy of separate national status for black people, especially in the US . advocacy of separate national status for black people nationalist doctrine Politics black nationalism – derivatives black nationalist noun black nationalist black nationalists...
black nationalism noun Quick reference
Oxford Dictionary of English (3 ed.)
... nationalism ▶ noun [ mass noun ] the advocacy of the national civil rights of black people, especially in the US . advocacy of national civil rights of black people nationalist doctrine Politics black ...
black nationalism noun Reference library
The Canadian Oxford Dictionary (2 ed.)
... nationalism ▶ noun a political and social movement originating in the US in the 1960 s, advocating solidarity, pride, and self-government among blacks . US...
Black Nationalism
Islam And Arab Nationalism Reference library
‘Abd Al-Rahmān Al-Bazzāz
Islam in Transition: Muslim Perspectives (2 ed.)
...and Arab nationalism, it befits us to define the meaning of nationalism, more particularly of Arab nationalism and of its assumptions, and to look into these assumptions in order to see which are accepted by Islam and which, if any, are rejected. Nationalism is a political and social idea which aims, in the first place, to unify each group of mankind and to make it obey one political order. The factors and the assumptions of nationalism are varied, and we do not intend to analyze them in this lecture. But we can assert that modern nationalism is based on...
War Reference library
An Oxford Companion to the Romantic Age
...said by way of claiming that war nationalism did not supplant but rather coexisted with local concerns and still quite fierce local loyalties. Early-nineteenth-century popular movements can be described similarly as weak national alliances which occurred at particular times: they were locally organized with little help from outside, they were often locally specific in their demands, and they were maintained for only a short period. Britain undoubtedly was, by contemporary standards, a nationalistic society, but its nationalism mostly existed as sentiment, and...
The Indonesian Revolution Reference library
Muhammad Natsir
Liberal Islam: A Sourcebook
...so that we feel we have acquired the basic right to take them under our imperial protection. Or, should we by chance have sawo -colored skins, let us not feel ourselves to be superior to people with black skins. That kind of thing is not healthy nationalism. That has evolved into racial conceit, racial arrogance, xenophobia. Such a concept of nationalism is indeed forbidden by Islam. Islam is a system which does away with racial fanaticism, narrow chauvinism—that which Westerners nowadays call racism . That way of thought, which Islam prohibits, is,...
36 The History of the Book in the Balkans Reference library
Ekaterina Rogatchevskaia and Aleksandra B. Vraneš
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...century, only one printing house operated in Zagreb ( 1664 ), but during the 18 th and early 19 th centuries, seven presses were working on Croatia territory. A Venetian printer, Carlo Antonio Occhi, published 50 books at his press in Dubrovnik in 1783–7 . Croatian Romantic nationalism emerged in the mid-19 th century to counteract the apparent Germanization and Magyarization of the country. The Illyrian movement attracted a number of influential figures from the 1830s onward, and produced some important advances in Croatian culture and language. These...
Enlightenment Reference library
An Oxford Companion to the Romantic Age
...encouraged the Irish into action, but, as historian Marianne Elliott has observed, the seeds which produced ‘that contradictory tradition of rebellious loyalism’ were ‘already germinating’. Irish ‘rebellious loyalism’ contained the potential for a reconciling enlightened nationalism, but repression by the British government in the 1790s stunted the growth of that particular plant. Foreign revolutions also had a catalytic effect in Wales, yet, as in Ireland, the foundations for a *Welsh cultural revival or renaissance had been laid earlier, following the...
Political Theory of Islam Reference library
Mawdūdī Abū-L-‘Alā’
Islam in Transition: Muslim Perspectives (2 ed.)
...world. In 1941 Mawdūdī established the Jamā‘at-i-Islāmī [the Islamic Association], an extremely well organized association committed to the reestablishment of an Islamic world order or society (politi-cally, legally, and socially). Although originally against any form of nationalism and thus opposed to the establishment of Pakistan, Mawdūdī nevertheless migrated to Pakistan, after the partitioning, where the Jamā‘at-i-Islāmī has been very active in politics. In a work written near the end of his life, Mawdudi incisively rejects the practice, which he believes...
Theatre Reference library
An Oxford Companion to the Romantic Age
...and that of the culture as a whole. Baer, M. , Theatre and Disorder in Late Georgian London , Oxford, 1992; Bate, J. , Shakespearean Constitutions: Politics, Theatre, Criticism, 1730–1830 , Oxford, 1992; Carlson, J. A. , In the Theatre of Romanticism: Coleridge, Nationalism, Women , Cambridge, 1994; Conolly, L. W. , The Censorship of English Drama, 1737–1824 , San Marino, Calif., 1976; Davis, T. C. , Actresses as Working Women: Their Social Identity in Victorian Culture , London, 1991; Hays, M. , & Nikolopoulou, A. , Melodrama: The...
39 The History of the Book in the Indian Subcontinent Reference library
Abhijit Gupta
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...print and the rise of regional-language literatures, involving figures such as Subramaṇiya Bhārati, Rabindranath Tagore, *Fakirmohan Senāpati, and Munṣī Premcānd. The beginnings of the freedom movement during this period also saw the emergence of what may be called print nationalism. Print, especially in the periodical press, was widely mobilized in the task of articulating the idea of a nation, and focusing opinion about the evils of colonial rule. The proposed partition of Bengal in 1905 , and the swadeshi movement in its wake, saw extensive use of...
Class Reference library
An Oxford Companion to the Romantic Age
...of O'Connell's embittered followers the only future hope was to lie in a return to the ideals of republican violence and sacrifice espoused by earlier Jacobin martyrs like Wolfe *Tone and Robert Emmet ( 1778–1803 ). For this revolutionary minority the secular languages of nationalism and Romantic blood sacrifice supplanted that of religious constitutionalism. Counter-revolution both in Britain and Ireland was, however, also able to mount a telling cultural offensive based on a variety of traditional languages. From the 1790s onward the *Evangelical clergy...
Additions to Daniel Reference library
George J. Brooke and George J. Brooke
The Oxford Bible Commentary
...27 ). But both tales are principally polemical parodies of idolatry. In both the friendship between the king and Daniel is challenged, in Bel by Daniel mocking his friend's worship of the clay and bronze, in the Dragon by indignant Babylonians casting aspersions on the king's nationalism. In both stories there is a subtle interweaving of themes concerning life, food, and deity. In the story of Bel Daniel shows that the idol does not and cannot eat, and therefore cannot be said to be alive; his God, by contrast, is the living God. In the test it is the priests...
