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Alfonso VIII of Castile

Subject: History, Military History

(c. 1155–1214), king of Castile (1158–1214). Alfonso VIII inherited the throne of Castile at the age of two from his father, Sancho III (r. 1157–1158). Sancho’s premature death ...

Alfonso VIII of Castile

Alfonso VIII of Castile (1155–1214)   Reference library

Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Length:
144 words

... VIII of Castile ( 1155–1214 ) King of Castile from 1158 to 1214 , Alfonso VIII married Eleanor , daughter of Henry II Plantagenet . He recaptured Cuenca from the Muslims in 1177 . Defeated at Alarcos in 1195 by the Almohades who took back from him all the places south of the Tagus, he took his revenge at Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212 . He fought the kings of León and Portugal for control of frontier places, and took from Navarre the left bank of the Ebro, Guipuzcoa and Alava with its capital Vitoria in 1200 . In 1172 , Alfonso...

Alfonso VIII of Castile

Alfonso VIII of Castile (1155–1214)   Reference library

The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2010
Subject:
History, Military History, Social sciences, Warfare and Defence
Length:
644 words

... VIII of Castile (c. 1155–1214 ), king of Castile ( 1158–1214 ). Alfonso VIII inherited the throne of Castile at the age of two from his father, Sancho III (r. 1157–1158 ). Sancho’s premature death left his son ruling a kingdom not only perched on the Christian-Muslim frontier but also at the mercy of warring Castilian nobles and predatory neighboring monarchs. Sancho VI of Navarre (r. 1150–1194 ) captured Castilian towns along the Navarrese border, while Alfonso’s own uncle, Fernando II of León (r. 1157–1188 ) garrisoned the Castilian city of Toledo...

Alfonso VIII of Castile

Alfonso VIII of Castile  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History, Military History
(c. 1155–1214),king of Castile (1158–1214). Alfonso VIII inherited the throne of Castile at the age of two from his father, Sancho III (r. 1157–1158). Sancho’s premature death left his ...
Blanche of Castile

Blanche of Castile  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
(1188–1252)Wife of King Louis VIII of France. Daughter of Alfonso VIII of Castile and Eleanor of England, she married Louis in 1200. She supported him on his expedition to ...
Kingdoms of León and Castile

Kingdoms of León and Castile  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History
Kings of AsturiasKings of LeónHouse of NavarreHouse of BurgundyKings of CastileKings of LeónKings of Castile and LeónHouse of TrastámaraHouse of AragonHouse of Habsburg718–737Pelayo (leader of revolt ...
Peter II of Aragon

Peter II of Aragon  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
(c.1174–1213)In 1196, Peter II inherited the kingdom of Aragon and the Catalan counties from his father Alfonso II. In 1204 he married Maria, lady of Pontpellier. Close to Alfonso ...
battle of Alarcos

battle of Alarcos  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History, Military History
The battle of Alarcos (19 July 1195) between Alfonso VIII, king of Castile (1158–1214), and Abu Yusuf Yaʿqub, caliph of the Almohads (1184–1199), was the last major Almohad victory in the Iberian ...
Las Navas de Tolosa

Las Navas de Tolosa  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
A decisive battle won over the Almohades in July 1212 south of Calatrava by the armies of kings Alfonso VIII of Castile, Sancho VII of Navarre and Peter II of ...
Las Huelgas

Las Huelgas  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
The royal monastery of Las Huelgas, founded in c.1180 by King Alfonso VIII of Castile at the request of his wife Eleanor of England, was built in the outskirts of ...
Afonso III, king of Portugal

Afonso III, king of Portugal  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
(1210–79; r. 1248–79)Second son of Afonso II and Urraca, daughter of Alfonso VIII of Castile. The prince spent his youth in France at the court of his aunt, Queen ...
Siege of Úbeda

Siege of Úbeda  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History, Military History
Úbeda is situated in the foothills of the Sierra Morena mountains, approximately 217 miles (350 kilometers) southeast of Madrid and fifty kilometers (thirty-one miles) east of Jaén. King Alfonso VIII ...
Castile

Castile  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
A region of central Spain, on the central plateau of the Iberian peninsula, formerly an independent Spanish kingdom. The marriage of Isabella of Castile to Ferdinand of Aragon in 1469 linked these ...
County of Urgell

County of Urgell  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History
House of BarcelonaHouse of CabreraHouse of Aragon897–948Sunifred (son of Wilfred I, count of Barcelona; succeeded to Urgell 897)948–993Borrell (nephew; Barcelona 947)993–1010Ermengol I of Cordova ...
Jiménez de Rada, Rodrigo

Jiménez de Rada, Rodrigo  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
(1170–1247)From a Navarrese family, he studied in Bologna and Paris. Winning favour with Alfonso VIII of Castile, he was made in quick succession bishop of Osma (1208), then archbishop ...
Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa

Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History, Military History
The battle of Las Navas de Tolosa (1212) constituted the great turning point in the conflict of Christian and Muslim states in the Hispanic reconquest. Prior to this date, the ...
Siege of Huete

Siege of Huete  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History, Military History
Huete is a small castle town situated about 70 miles (113 kilometers) east of Toledo. The Castilian monarchy had settled it by agreement with the Muslim rebel, King Lobo of ...
Siege of Salvatierra

Siege of Salvatierra  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History, Military History
Salvatierra Castle lies some sixty-five miles (one hundred and five kilometers) southeast of Toledo on a vital route running between Toledo and the Muradal (Despeñaperros) Pass to upper Andalusia ...
Sieges of Jaen

Sieges of Jaen  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History, Military History
Jaen had long occupied the interest of the Castilian monarchy and had first been besieged in the twelfth century. Located 210 miles (338 kilometers) from Murcia to the east, 94 ...
Abu Yusuf Ya ʿqub al- Mansur

Abu Yusuf Ya ʿqub al- Mansur  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History, Military History
(c. 1160–1199), Almohad caliph.Abu Yusuf Yaʿqub al-Mansur (“the Victorious”) became Almohad caliph in 1184 after his father’s death. His ambition to expand his Andalusian kingdom was thwarted by the ...
Burgos

Burgos  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History, Early history (500 CE to 1500)
Located on the banks of the Arlanzón river (Castile), the city began as a military outpost in the 880s. Strategically placed, its castle kept a watch for Muslim raids. By ...

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