Articulations of Sovereignty Reference library
Claudia Aradau
The International Studies Encyclopedia
...in the nineteenth century, biopolitics is an eighteenth century development, and empire appears to be a post–World War II development. Some of the criticisms formulated against these periodizations have upheld continuity against discontinuity and vice versa. For example, Giorgio Agamben ( 1998 ) has argued for the continuity of biopolitics since Roman law. Barkawi and Laffey ( 2002 ) have been critical of Hardt and Negri's Empire for positing a break between the modern and the postmodern. Some of these debates about what constitutes change in the...
Critical Theory, Security, and Emancipation Reference library
K.M. Fierke
The International Studies Encyclopedia
...to what Giorgio Agamben ( 1998 ) refers to as “bare life.” The citizen of “normal politics,” derived, for instance, from Aristotle’s conception, engages in political debate and decision making. In Foucault’s argument, sovereign power revolves around the governance of populations and biological life rather than political life. The subject of politics is no longer the potential agency of the citizen, but the management of life itself. In this respect, the founding political image of the West has shifted from “Athens to Auschwitz” ( Agamben 2004 :169). Auschwitz...
Sovereignty as a Problematic Conceptual Core Reference library
Rosemary E. Shinko
The International Studies Encyclopedia
...Ethics and Violence: War against the Other . London: Routledge. Burns, J. (ed.) (1991) The Cambridge History of Political Thought, 1450–1700 . Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Calarco, M. , and DeCaroli, S. (eds.) (2006) Sovereignty and Life: Essays on Giorgio Agamben . Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. Camilleri, J. , and Falk, J. (1992) The End of Sovereignty? The Politics of a Shrinking and Fragmenting World . Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. Campbell, D. (1993) Politics without Principle: Sovereignty, Ethics, and the Narratives...
Security Practices Reference library
Thierry Balzacq, Tugba Basaran, Didier Bigo, Emmanuel-Pierre Guittet, and Christian Olsson
The International Studies Encyclopedia
...in other words, an abnormalization of parts of society by creating lines of division and exclusion inside each society along distinct but overlapping criteria: gender, class, poverty, race, ability to move. Combining the term “ban” used by Jean-Luc Nancy, as refigured by Giorgio Agamben, and the term “opticon,” as used by Foucault, we call this a “ban-opticon” ( Bigo 2006a ; 2006b ). The concept of ban-opticon, as opposed to that of “pan-opticon,” allows us to understand how a network of heterogeneous and transversal practices functions and makes sense as...
Geographic Insights into Political Identity Reference library
Emily Gilbert
The International Studies Encyclopedia
...K. (2006) Demonic Grounds: Black Women and the Cartographies of Struggle . Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. McKittrick, K. , and Woods, C. (eds.) (2007) Black Geographies and the Politics of Place . Cambridge: South End Press. Minca, C. (2006) Giorgio Agamben and the New Biopolitical Nomos. Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography 88 (4), 387–403. Mitchell, D. (2003) The Right to the City: Social Justice and the Fight for Public Space . New York: Guilford Press. Mitchell, K. (1997) Different Diasporas and the Hype of...
Late Modernity/Postmodernity Reference library
Alina Sajed
The International Studies Encyclopedia
...theorists whose works have had enormous currency in the development of research projects focused on migration and securitization, on globalization, and on global technologies of risk, such as Pierre Bourdieu ( Bigo 2002 ; Leander 2005 ; Bigo and Tsoukala 2008b ), Giorgio Agamben ( Nyers 2006b ; Constantinou 2008 ; Huysmans 2008 ), Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari ( Doty 1999 ; 2003 ; Walters 2006 ), Paul Virilio ( Connolly 2002b ; Nyers 2006a ), and Ulrich Beck ( Aradau et al. 2008 ). This expanding agenda relies on the notion...
Feminisms Troubling the Boundaries of International Relations Reference library
Christine Sylvester
The International Studies Encyclopedia
...as they face a world of complex identities and politics. Christine Sylvester Lancaster University References Ackerly, Brooke , Stern, Maria , and True, Jacqui (2006) Feminist Methodologies for International Relations . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Agamben, Giorgio (1998) Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life , trans. Daniel Heller-Roazen . Stanford: Stanford University Press. Alarcon, Norma (1990) The Theoretical Subject(s) of This Bridge Called My Back and Anglo-American Feminism. In Gloria Anzaldua (ed.) Making Face, Making...
Intersecting Geographies of Institutions and Sovereignty Reference library
Alexander B. Murphy
The International Studies Encyclopedia
...such as in borderlands or military bases overseas, human rights are threatened. The advancement of universal human rights may well depend on strong state sovereignty, not its erosion” ( 2005 :38). The counterargument is that a space of exception (using the term coined by Giorgio Agamben ) such as Guantánamo Bay is a product of a territorial state. Taking a different tack, Derek Gregory ( 2006 ) argues that we should not simply accept Guantánamo Bay as a space of exception, but see it instead as a space of struggle, where arguments can (and should) be...
Poststructuralism and Security Reference library
Lene Hansen
The International Studies Encyclopedia
...programs of so-called extraordinary rendition through which suspected terrorists were believed to be transferred to regimes suspected of using torture. One group of scholars drew upon the work on the exception by Carl Schmitt , the more recent Italian political philosopher Giorgio Agamben , and Foucault in discussions of how these practices accentuated the tension between security and liberty at the heart of liberal discourse ( Huysmans 2006 ; Jabri 2006 ; Neal 2006 ; Walker 2006 ). Another body of work continued the Foucauldian concern with practices of...
International Organization and Crime, and Corruption Reference library
Frank G. Madsen
The International Studies Encyclopedia
...of the normal. In other words, the security regime considers reality and establishes several normal distributions – the norm is an interplay of differential normalities. Foucault's work had an enormous influence and it was taken up and continued by the Italian philosopher Giorgio Agamben. Furthermore, Foucault's work and that of Giddens ( 1984 ) led to the development of a new branch of knowledge, surveillance studies , which is of core importance on an international level. Ultimately based on the philosophical findings of Jeremy Bentham's Panopticon (...
