Violence and Trauma Reference library
Rachel E. Scott
The Oxford Companion To Archaeology (2 ed.)
...fortified settlements, weaponry, artistic depictions, and written texts may reflect the ideology more than the reality of war, integrating the archaeological, historical, and human skeletal data allows comparison of the cultural celebration and actual occurrence of violence. Violence in the Present. In contrast to bioarchaeologists who investigate interpersonal conflict in past societies, forensic archaeologists and forensic anthropologists contend with the consequences of violence in the present. Forensic archaeologists help locate and recover the physical...
Human Evolution, Theories of Reference library
Richard G. Delisle, Peter Andrews, Leslie C. Aiello, Melanie Lee Chang, Susan Cachel, Nicholas Toth, Kathy Schick, and Melanie Lee Chang
The Oxford Companion To Archaeology (2 ed.)
...idea that Mode 2 industries never made it east of the Movius line, although these tools do not precisely conform to classic Acheulian types. It has been proposed that the differences in archaeological traditions may reflect factors such as population density, as more frequent interpersonal and intergroup interactions are thought to facilitate technological innovation. It is also possible that the lack of bifaces at these sites is due to the presence of an alternate source for sharp cutting edges, bamboo, which would be unlikely to be preserved. As it is both...
British Isles Reference library
Chris Scarre, Richard Bradley, Joshua Pollard, David J. Mattingly, Catherine Hills, Lloyd Laing, Richard A. Hall, Ken Dark, Matthew H. Johnson, and R. Angus Buchanan
The Oxford Companion To Archaeology (2 ed.)
...long mounds sealing wooden chambers, often containing collective burials. Earthwork enclosures acted as loci for periodic gatherings and exchanges, a few in the southwest of England showing signs of attack and partial destruction during their later stages. Other evidence of interpersonal violence comes from trauma on human bones from collective graves. Although a small number of houses have been identified in excavation, these are usually isolated structures and belong to a brief phase at the very beginning of the Neolithic. Their absence otherwise suggests...
Ethnographic Analogy in Archaeology: Methodological Insights from Southern Africa Reference library
Mark McGranaghan
The Oxford Encyclopedia of African Historiography: Methods and Sources
...to the archaeological case, and thus no possible analogical comparisons are warranted. This is the fear that Martin Wobst famously referred to when describing the “tyranny” of ethnography, and it articulates a logical corollary of emphasizing the necessity of contextualization in understanding ethnographic data. 32 If understanding particular historical moments inevitably necessitates appreciating all the multifarious contingencies that shape these moments, the bases for any wider comparison are called into question. For a discipline that cannot directly...
Northeastern African Stone Age Reference library
Alice Leplongeon
The Oxford Encyclopedia of African Archaeology
...Nubia Salvage Campaign. These two cemeteries include tens of burials with the specificity that many of the individuals buried bear evidence for interpersonal violence in the form of parry fractures and lithic artifact fragments still embedded in their bones ( Wendorf 1968a ; Greene and Armelagos 1972 ). Evidence from Jebel Sahaba in particular, dated to min. 13.4 cal ka bp , indicates that episodes of interpersonal violence were likely recurrent at that time ( Crevecoeur et al. 2021 ). The rich archaeological record available for the LP therefore provides...
Bioarchaeology in The Nile Valley Reference library
Jenail H. Marshall and Michele R. Buzon
The Oxford Encyclopedia of African Archaeology
...by his Colleagues , edited by Warren R. Dawson 139–148. London: Jonathan Cape. Judd, Margaret . 2004. “Trauma in the City of Kerma: Ancient versus Modern Injury Patterns.” International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 14 (1): 34–51. Judd, Margaret . 2006. “Continuity of Interpersonal Violence between Nubian Communities.” American Journal of Physical Anthropology 131 (3): 324–333. Junker, Thomas . 2018. “Blumenbach’s Theory of Human Races and the Natural Unity of Humankind.” In Johann Friedrich Blumenbach , edited by Nicolaas Rupke and Gerhard Lauer...
