Update

You are looking at 1-20 of 223 entries  for:

  • All: Xi'an incident x
clear all

View:

Overview

Xi'an incident

Subject: History

(December 1936) The kidnapping of the Chinese leader Chiang Kai-shek while visiting disaffected Manchurian troops at Xi'an. Chiang was captured by conspirators headed by Zhang ...

Xi’an incident

Xi’an incident (December 1936)   Quick reference

A Dictionary of World History (3 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
History
Length:
127 words

...’an incident ( December 1936 ) The kidnapping of the Chinese leader Chiang Kai-shek while visiting disaffected Manchurian troops at Xian. Chiang was captured by conspirators headed by Zhang Xueliang, who attempted to force him to give up his campaign against the communists and lead a national war against the Japanese, who had occupied Manchuria in 1931 . After Chiang had refused to accede to their demands, the communists, headed by Zhou Enlai , also became involved in the negotiations and eventually Chiang was released, having promised to take a more...

Xi'an Incident

Xi'an Incident (12–25 Dec. 1936)   Quick reference

A Dictionary of Contemporary World History (6 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2021
Subject:
History, Contemporary History (post 1945)
Length:
182 words

...Xi'an Incident ( 12–25 Dec. 1936 ) After nine years, Chiang Kai-shek 's policy of fighting the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) before turning against the foreign aggressor, Japan, had come under increasing criticism within his own ranks, especially in the northern armies which had lost Manchuria to the Japanese in 1931 ( Manchukuo ). In early 1936 , their leader, Chang Hsüeh-liang , entered secret negotiations with the Communist Party about a common front against the Japanese. When Chiang Kai-shek came to Chang's headquarters in Xi'an, the capital...

Xi’an Incident

Xi’an Incident   Reference library

David D. BUCK

Berkshire Encyclopedia of China

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2016

...Xian Incident ān Shìbìan 西安事变 ‎ The Xian Incident ( December 1936 ) occurred when two Chinese Nationalist generals, Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng , arrested President Chiang Kai-shek while he was in Xian to assist the Nationalist campaign against the Chinese Communists. Chiang was taken captive on 12 December and released on 25 December, partly at the urging of the Chinese Communists. Chiang might have been assassinated while a prisoner, but he won his freedom with a promise to undertake strong united resistance to the Japanese...

Xi'an incident

Xi'an incident  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History
(December 1936)The kidnapping of the Chinese leader Chiang Kai-shek while visiting disaffected Manchurian troops at Xi'an. Chiang was captured by conspirators headed by Zhang Xueliang, who attempted ...
Genesis

Genesis   Reference library

R. N. Whybray and R. N. Whybray

The Oxford Bible Commentary

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2022
Subject:
Religion
Length:
35,219 words
Publisher:
Oxford University Press

...related to it. They are concerned to enhance Abraham's status: although he remains an alien ( v. 34 ) he is recognized by Abimelech as especially protected and favoured by God; he is thus treated by a king, who commands an army, as an equal. In vv. 22–4 Abimelech thinks it important to safeguard himself by obtaining from him an oath that he will remain his ally (the phrase is ῾āśâ ḥesed ) and that this alliance will continue in future generations. The second incident is quite different: Abraham becomes involved in a dispute with Abimelech over the...

1 & 2 Samuel

1 & 2 Samuel   Reference library

Gwilym H. Jones, Gwilym H. Jones, and Gwilym H. Jones

The Oxford Bible Commentary

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2022
Subject:
Religion
Length:
44,450 words
Publisher:
Oxford University Press

...Thus the narrative serves as an introduction to David's period of flight before Saul and also to later relations between David and the house of Saul. ( 21:1–15 ) David in Nob and Gath David's visit to Nob is the first scene in a plot continued in 22:6–23 , but which is at present interrupted by the incidents recorded in 21:11–22:5 ( McCarter 1980 following Grønbaek 1971 ). Taken as a whole the unit shows that David secured the support of the priesthood; however, it was obtained through deception, not willingly like that of Michal and Jonathan, and it...

A Land Divided: Judah and Israel from the Death of Solomon to the Fall of Samaria

A Land Divided: Judah and Israel from the Death of Solomon to the Fall of Samaria   Reference library

Edward F. Campbell Jr.

Oxford History of the Biblical World

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2022
Subject:
Religion
Length:
19,373 words
Publisher:
Oxford University Press
Illustration(s):
2

...this hypothesis has been destroyed by the discovery of the Dan stela, with its inescapable reference to the “house of David.” At Arad, guarding the Judean southern frontier, 25 kilometers (15 miles) west of the Dead Sea, the date of the Solomonic fortress (Stratum XI) has been disputed and may belong to the early ninth century bce . Beer-sheba, west of Arad in the central northern Negeb, was a fortified Judean town substantially to the south of Rehoboam's string of frontier fortifications, suggesting that Asa's or Jehoshaphat's control...

United Front

United Front  

Reference type:
Overview Page
The second coalition between the Guomindang (KMT) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) as well as other nationalist groups (1937–45). After an earlier period of cooperation had broken down in 1927, ...
National Government of the Republic of China

National Government of the Republic of China  

(1928–37)A government established in Nanjing, after the successful Northern Expedition had brought the Guomindang and the National Revolutionary Army into control of substantial parts of China. Led ...
Chinese Communist Party

Chinese Communist Party  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History
(CCP)Chinese political party. Interest in communism was stimulated by the Russian Revolution (1917) and the May Fourth Movement and promoted by Li Dazhao, librarian of Beijing University, and Chen ...
Sino-Japanese War

Sino-Japanese War  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
History
(1894–95)War fought between China and Japan. After Korea was opened to Japanese trade in 1876, it rapidly became an arena for rivalry between the expanding Japanese state and neighbouring China, of ...
Chiang Kai-shek

Chiang Kai-shek  

Reference type:
Overview Page
1887–1975)Chinese nationalist statesman; president of China (1928–38; 1943–49) and later president of the nationalist Republic of China in Taiwan (Formosa) (1950–75). Although he never succeeded in ...
Zhou Enlai

Zhou Enlai  

(b. Huaian, Jiangsu Province, 5 Mar. 1898; d. Beijing, 8 Jan. 1976)Chinese; Prime Minister, de facto director of Chinese foreign affairs 1949–76 Zhou Enlai was probably the most respected of all ...
geming xiandai xi

geming xiandai xi   Reference library

The Companion to Theatre and Performance

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2010
Subject:
Performing arts, Theatre
Length:
369 words

...dialect, much plainer make-up and *costumes , more complicated scenery and *lighting , act and scene divisions, and a symphonic orchestra. Banned from performance after the Cultural Revolution, geming xiandai xi were revived in the late 1980s and early 1990s as an attempt to boost the image of the Communist Party after the Tiananmen incident and the fall of communism in Europe and the Soviet Union. They were received with a mixture of suspicion and cynicism, but also with a sense of nostalgia by the generation who had grown up with them as their sole...

United Front

United Front ((China))   Quick reference

A Dictionary of Contemporary World History (6 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2021
Subject:
History, Contemporary History (post 1945)
Length:
242 words

...Front (China) The second coalition between the Guomindang (KMT) and the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP ) as well as other nationalist groups ( 1937–45 ). After an earlier period of cooperation had broken down in 1927 , Chiang Kai-shek had formed the National Government , one of whose most important goals had been the destruction of the Communists. Now, following the Xi'an Incident the two foes joined forces in order to focus on the common foreign enemy, the Japanese. The CCP pledged to cooperate fully in the Sino-Japanese War , and sent delegates...

Chang Hsüeh‐liang

Chang Hsüeh‐liang (4 July 1901)   Quick reference

A Dictionary of Contemporary World History (6 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2021
Subject:
History, Contemporary History (post 1945)
Length:
240 words

...in Nanjing (Nanking). With many of his troops dispatched at Chiang Kai‐shek's demand, he was powerless to prevent the Japanese invasion into Manchuria in 1931 ( Manchukuo ). He remained an important ally to Chiang, and successfully urged him to form an anti‐Japanese alliance with the Communists, mainly by placing him under house arrest until he agreed (the Xian incident of 1936 ). Chiang never forgave him for this, and had him arrested soon afterwards. He was taken to Taiwan in 1949 , and lived under house arrest until Chiang's death. Released in 1990 ,...

truth-telling

truth-telling   Reference library

Kevin Flannery

The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (4 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2022
Subject:
Religion
Length:
209 words

...with an obligation not to reveal something—something falling, for instance, under the seal of confession—and this has given rise to various theories of mental reservation. Catholic moral theology distinguishes between restrictio pure mentalis (’strict mental reservation’) and restrictio late mentalis (’wide mental reservation’). For the former, if, for example, one utters the words ‘About that incident, I know nothing’ but adds internally ‘that I wish to reveal’, one does not lie. In 1679 this theory was condemned as laxist by Innocent XI . In wide...

geming xiandai xi

geming xiandai xi   Reference library

Siyuan Liu

The Oxford Encyclopedia of Theatre and Performance

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
Performing arts, Theatre
Length:
404 words

...much plainer make-up and costumes , more complicated scenery and lighting , act and scene divisions , and a symphonic orchestra. Banned from performance after the Cultural Revolution, geming xiandai xi were revived in the late 1980s and early 1990s as an attempt to boost the image of the Communist Party after the Tiananmen incident and the fall of communism in Europe and the former Soviet Union. They were received with a mixture of suspicion and cynicism, but also with a sense of nostalgia by the generation who had grown up with them as their...

Alfonso XI of Castile

Alfonso XI of Castile (1311–1350)   Reference library

The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2010

...XI of Castile ( 1311–1350 ), king of Castile (r. 1312–1350 ). A military reformer and commander of European-wide fame, Alfonso XI ascended to the throne when he was barely a year old after the death of Fernando IV (r. 1295–1312 ). The ensuing thirteen-year minority saw Castile sink into a state of almost constant civil war as various magnate factions sought control of the regency. This state of affairs did not end even when Alfonso started ruling as an adult. The young king, in spite of the vulnerability of his position, continued southward Castilian...

Chinese Communist Party

Chinese Communist Party   Quick reference

A Dictionary of World History (3 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2015
Subject:
History
Length:
320 words

...on China’s massive peasant population as its revolutionary base. It set up the Jiangxi Soviet in southern China in 1931 and moved north under the leadership of Mao Zedong in the Long March (1934–35). Temporarily at peace with the Kuomintang after the Xian Incident in 1936 , the communists proved an effective resistance force when the Japanese invaded the country in 1937 . After the end of World War II, the party’s military strength and rural organization allowed it to triumph over the nationalists in the renewed civil war and to proclaim a People’s...

View: