Arcadius
Caesarea Reference library
Joseph Patrich
The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Archaeology
...copies of scriptures. In ca. 325 c.e. , at the request of Constantine, 50 copies of the Bible, in codices of parchment, were dispatched by Eusebius to Constantinople. Later in the fourth century Hilary of Poitiers, Eusebius of Vercelli, Georgius of Nazianzus, Jerome, and Rufinus worked in this library. Samaritans. The Samaritan presence in Caesarea grew after the first and second Jewish Revolts against Rome. In the third century c.e. they constituted the largest ethnic group in the city. There was much friction between them and the Jews, and by the...
Nitria Reference library
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East
... ce by Greek and Latin writers who came to Egypt to see its holy men. The visitors called the settlements Nitria, or more properly, “the mount of Nitria” (Gk., ho oros tēs Nitrias; Lat., mons Nitriae ). In the Latin text of the Historia Monachorum in Aegypto , attributed to Rufinus ( c. 345–410 ce ), who spent eight years in Egypt and was a leading figure in Palestinian monasticism, Nitria was about 65 km (40 mi.) from Alexandria and took its name from a nearby town, a center for the collection of salts (nitratos) . Its precise location has not been...
Limes Arabicus Reference library
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East
...and the lucrative caravan traffic that passed through the region against the raids of nomadic Arab tribes (Saraceni, or Saracens) from the adjacent desert. [See Hasa, Wadi el- ; ῾Aqaba .] Only two literary sources explicitly refer to the limes Arabicus. The church historian Rufinus ( Hist. Eccl. 2.6), describing the assault on the frontier by the Saracen queen Mavia during the reign of Valens ( 364–378 ce ), refers to the “towns and cities of the limes Arabicus.” The historian Ammianus Marcellinus (31.3.5), describing events leading up the battle of...
Armenian Reference library
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East
...must have been inadequate for transcribing certain Armenian consonants by a single sign; hence, there is no evidence for writing Armenian in either Greek, Syriac, or Latin script prior to Maštoc῾. His alphabet of thirty-six characters, which was refined by a calligrapher named Rufinus at Samosata permitted a phonetically perfect transcription of the language ( see figure 1 ). Pupils were sent to Edessa and Constantinople to study Syriac and Greek, to acquire choice manuscripts, and to translate. Later on, in keeping with his missionary endeavors, Maštoc῾...
Documentary Sources and Methods for Precolonial African History Reference library
Christina Mobley
The Oxford Encyclopedia of African Historiography: Methods and Sources
...the pair were members of the church in Alexandria. Frumentius returned to Egypt, called for a mission to Aksum, and was named the first bishop of the Upper Nile region. The earliest documentary source is the Church History of Rufinus, c . 400 ce , which the author claimed was based on the testimony of Aedesius of Tyre. Rufinus’s narrative is repeated in the later Ge’ez liturgical text of the Synaxarium of the Ethiopian Church. Additionally, a letter dated c . 353 ce refers to Frumentius as the Bishop of Aksum. Seland, “Early Christianity in East...
