ideological state apparatus Quick reference
A Dictionary of Sociology (4 ed.)
...contrasted with the so-called ‘repressive state apparatus’ of the armed forces and police, and is allotted a major role in securing compliance within developed capitalist societies. Beyond reproducing the assumption that the state itself reflects a particular class interest, the theory of ideological state apparatus has also been criticized for simplifying relations between these institutions and the state, and underestimating their autonomy or potential for such autonomy. It also allowed too facile an equation of challenging authority within education with...
Landscapes of Education in South African History Reference library
Linda Chisholm
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Race and Education
...Within the repressive circumstances of the 1960s, when they were there, their organizing, unlike the post-apartheid period, did not occur within the institutions, but outside them. The female interviewee similarly came from a mixed background and did not identify with the single prescribed identity, but she did not explicitly challenge it. She also found refuge from the boredom she experienced through sport, albeit not in the more political forms. Among the African respondents were a man who had attended one of the new state colleges in the 1950s....
Religion Reference library
Peter W. Williams
The Oxford Encyclopedia of American Social History
...eloquence soon made him an icon for the nation, and his rhetoric and message were profoundly shaped by the tradition of black pulpit oratory and the mining of both Hebrew and Christian scriptures for images of liberation. By the end of the 1960 s, other movements critical of repressive structures in American society—movements by women, gays, Latinos—had begun to develop similar versions of Christian theology to undergird their causes. Christianity, however, was not the only religious option for African Americans concerned with their problematic place in the...
