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Did you mean Peloponne'sian league Peloponne'sian league
Peloponnesian League Reference library
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome
... League The city-states of ancient Greece sometimes formed long-term multistate alliances, nowadays called “leagues.” The Peloponnesian League was one of the earliest of these, with Sparta as its leader or hēgemōn . It was essentially a military organization whose object was protection of Sparta and its allies from external and internal threats. The Peloponnesian League was not a federal state like the Boeotian and Achaean leagues, nor did it become an empire like the Athenian-led Delian League. Military service was the only obligation; there was no...
Peloponnesian League Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World
... League , the earliest known and longest‐lasting Greek offensive and defensive alliance . The name is modern and inaccurate, since the alliance was neither all‐ and only Peloponnesian nor a league (the members were not all allied to each other, and when no League war was in progress, members were free to carry on separate wars even with other members); the usual ancient name was ‘the Lacedaemonians (Spartans) and their allies’. In the 6th cent. Sparta used personal ties of xenia ( see friendship, ritualized ) to negotiate treaties of alliance...
Peloponnesian League Reference library
Paul Anthony Cartledge
The Oxford Classical Dictionary (4 ed.)
... League , the earliest known and the most long-lived Greek summachia or offensive and defensive alliance . The name is modern and strictly inaccurate, since the alliance was neither all- and only Peloponnesian nor a league (the members were not all allied to each other, and when no League war was in progress, members were free to carry on separate wars even against other members); the usual ancient name was ‘the Lacedaemonians (Spartans) and their allies’. In the 6th cent. Sparta used personal ties of xenia ( see friendship, ritualized ) to...
Peloponne'sian league Reference library
The Oxford Companion to Classical Literature (3 ed.)
... league The earliest and longest-lived Greek alliance, dating from the reign of Cleomenes I (sixth century bc ) when Sparta negotiated treaties with Peloponnesian states whereby she could expect the support of all members in war if a majority vote favoured such a course, each state having one vote. Chilon , one of the Seven Sages , is credited with its creation. The term is modern; ancient authors would refer to ‘the Spartans and their allies’. The league was dissolved in 366 bc...
Israel among the Nations: The Persian Period Reference library
Mary Joan Winn Leith
Oxford History of the Biblical World
...on Delian League tribute lists for 454 is the coastal city of Dor just south of the Carmel range, then the Greeks had gained a strategic foothold on Palestinian soil. The participation of the Greeks in the Egyptian revolt of 460 has been described as the most serious challenge to imperial control the Persians faced in the fifth century. Megabyzus, satrap of Abar Nahara, led Artaxerxes I's forces to eventual victory in Egypt. With substantial help from Phoenician ships the Persian navy obliterated the fleet of the Delian League led by Athens...
Peloponnesian War Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World
... War , of 431–404 , fought between Athens and its allies ( see delian league ) on the one hand and Sparta and its allies ( see peloponnesian league ) on the other; most of it (down to 411 ) was recorded by Thucydides (2) , and that is the most interesting thing about it. The first ten years were the Archidamian War, a title first used by Lysias , as far as we know, for what Thucydides called the ‘ten‐years war’. This phase was ended by the inconclusive Peace of Nicias . The second main phase of the whole war, which Thucydides insisted on...
Achaean League Quick reference
A Dictionary of World History (3 ed.)
...League A confederacy of Achaean and other Peloponnesian states in ancient Greece . Its name derived from the region of Achaea in the northern Peloponnese. In the 4th century bc an alliance was forged that was dissolved in 338 bc . The League was refounded in 280 bc , under the leadership of Aratus of Sicyon. It became involved in wars with Macedonia and Sparta, before allying itself with Rome in 198. However, war with Rome in 146 led to defeat and the dissolution of the League...
Delian League Quick reference
World Encyclopedia
...League Confederation of Greek city-states formed ( 478 bc ) under Athenian leadership after the losses of the Persian Wars . The treasury was initially held on the island of Delos, but was moved to Athens by Pericles and later appropriated to fund Athens' imperial ambitions. It was disbanded after the Peloponnesian Wars...
Sparta Quick reference
World Encyclopedia
...of Spárti. Founded by Dorians after c .1100 bc Sparta conquered Laconia (SE Peloponnese) by the 8th century bc and headed the Peloponnesian League against Persia in 480 bc . In the Peloponnesian War ( 431–404 bc ), it defeated its great rival, Athens , but was defeated by Thebes in 371 bc and failed to withstand the invasion of Philip II of Macedon. In the 3rd century bc Sparta struggled against the Achaean League (a confederation of city‐states), subsequently joining it but coming under Roman dominance after 146 bc . In ad 395 the ...
Peloponnesian War (431–404) Reference library
Simon Hornblower
The Oxford Classical Dictionary (4 ed.)
... War , of 431–404 , fought between Athens and its allies ( see delian league ) on the one hand and Sparta and its allies ( see peloponnesian league ) on the other; most of it (down to 411 ) was recorded by the great historian Thucydides (2) and that is the most interesting thing about it. The first ten years were the Archidamian War , a title first used by Lysias , as far as we know, for what Thucydides called the ‘ten-years war’, 5. 25. 1. This phase was ended by the inconclusive Peace of Nicias (1) . (Strabo 13. 600 subdivides yet...
Chīlon Reference library
The Oxford Companion to Classical Literature (3 ed.)
...Sages of Greece. He was said to have ‘yoked the ephors alongside the kings’, a reference to the oaths exchanged each month between the two kings and the ephors to respect each others' powers. He may have helped to extend Spartan influence through the establishment of the Peloponnesian league . After his death he was worshipped in Sparta as a...
decarchies Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World
...were juntas, lit. ‘ten‐man rules’, established under the aegis of Lysander in parts of the former Athenian empire ( see delian league ) following Sparta's victory in the Peloponnesian War . They were absolute dictatorships, sometimes supported by a garrison under a Spartan commander known as a harmost. They collected their city's share of the war‐tax levied by Sparta and in other ways functioned as instruments of Sparta's short‐lived Aegean...
Dē'lian League Reference library
The Oxford Companion to Classical Literature (3 ed.)
...the treasury for league funds (removed to Athens in 454 bc ). Some states with strong navies, e.g. Chios, Samos, and Lesbos, contributed ships; the remainder paid tribute (money). At first the league undertook military operations against the Persians, thereby extending Greek control along the whole coast of Asia Minor, but its character changed to become an alliance of cities controlled by Athens, i.e. her empire. With the defeat of Athens in the Peloponnesian War ( 404 ) the league came to an end. (For the Second Athenian League see Athens 4...
alliance (Greek) Quick reference
The Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World
...follow Sparta's lead. The Peloponnesian League , built up by Sparta in the second half of the 6th cent. bc , was the first instance of a league of allies united for purposes of foreign policy. Such leagues tended to be formed with a dominant state as leader, influential through possession of executive power even if not formally privileged in decision‐making, and with a council which played a part in decision‐making and enabled representatives of the member states to express opinions and vote. Other examples were the Delian League , the Second Athenian...
Sparta Quick reference
A Dictionary of World History (3 ed.)
...took shape somewhere between 700 and 600 bc . From the 6th century, Sparta became the hub of an alliance comprising most of Peloponnesian and Isthmian states except its traditional rival, Argos; but many of these allies in the ‘Peloponnesian League’ were little more than puppets of Sparta. Sparta led the successful Greek resistance in the Greek-Persian wars , but later came into protracted conflict with Athens in the Peloponnesian War . Its final victory in 404 bc left it dominant in Greece and the Aegean; but after crushing defeats by Thebes at Leuctra...
Cleomenes (1) I Reference library
Paul Anthony Cartledge
The Oxford Classical Dictionary (4 ed.)
...to his design, that the Peloponnesian League came formally into existence. He embroiled Thebes (1) with Athens and frustrated Thebes’ plans for a united Boeotian federation by referring Plataea to Athens for alliance (probably in 519 : Thuc. 3. 68). He intervened twice successfully in Athenian affairs, overthrowing the Peisistratid tyranny of Hippias (1) in 510 and expelling Cleisthenes (2) in favour of Isagoras in 508 . But his attempt to restore Isagoras by a concerted expedition of Sparta's Peloponnesian and central Greek allies in ...
Potidae'a Reference library
The Oxford Companion to Classical Literature (3 ed.)
...) on the western prong of Chalcidice in north-east Greece for the purpose of trade with Macedonia. It joined the (Athenian) Delian League , but the fact that Corinth supplied its annual chief magistrate meant that it was inevitably involved in any hostility between Athens and Corinth. It revolted from Athens in 432 bc after an increase of its tribute but was retaken in 430 after a siege ( see Peloponnesian War ). Athenian cleruchs held it until 404 when it passed to the Chalcidians. It was recovered by Athens in 363 , but in 356 fell into...
Mantinea, Battle of Reference library
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome
...a long time among the Greek states”—so Thucydides described the famous Battle of Mantinea of the Peloponnesian War (Thucydides 5.74.1). The Peace of Nicias ended the war in 421 bce , but few combatants were satisfied. A diplomatic revolution followed as states sought new allies and opportunities. The result of this shuffling of alliances was the Battle of Mantinea in 418 , a Spartan move to suppress the defection of Mantinea, a member of its Peloponnesian League, to Athens. Not only one of the biggest battles fought by the Greeks, Mantinea also gives a...
Cleomenes I Quick reference
Paul Anthony Cartledge
Who's Who in the Classical World
...according to his design, that the Peloponnesian League came formally into existence. He embroiled Thebes with Athens and frustrated Thebes' plans for a united Boeotian federation by referring Plataea to Athens for alliance (probably in 519 : Thuc. 3. 68). He intervened twice successfully in Athenian affairs, overthrowing the tyranny of Hippias (son of Pisistratus ) in 510 and expelling Cleisthenes in favour of Isagoras in 508 . But his attempt to restore Isagoras by a concerted expedition of Sparta's Peloponnesian and central Greek allies in c. 506 ...
Scione Reference library
Simon Hornblower
The Oxford Classical Dictionary (4 ed.)
...the tip of the western (Pallene) peninsula of Chalcidice , south-east of modern Nea Skioni. Chance finds include coins and walls. Thucydides (2) (4. 120) says it was a settlement of Peloponnesians from Pellene in Achaea , but there was also a tradition that Protesilaus was the founder. Scione normally paid 6 talents tribute to Athens in the time of the Delian League . Its most famous hour was its enthusiastic but unwise reception of the Spartan Brasidas in 423 bc (Thuc. 4. 121. 1); this led to harsh Athenian reprisals instigated by Cleon (Thuc....
