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Peloponnesian League

Subject: Classical studies

The earliest known and longest‐lasting Greek offensive and defensive alliance. The name is modern and inaccurate, since the alliance was neither all‐ and only Peloponnesian nor a league ...

Peloponnesian League

Peloponnesian League   Reference library

The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2010
Subject:
Classical studies, History
Length:
850 words

... League The city-states of ancient Greece sometimes formed long-term multistate alliances, nowadays called “leagues.” The Peloponnesian League was one of the earliest of these, with Sparta as its leader or hēgemōn . It was essentially a military organization whose object was protection of Sparta and its allies from external and internal threats. The Peloponnesian League was not a federal state like the Boeotian and Achaean leagues, nor did it become an empire like the Athenian-led Delian League. Military service was the only obligation; there was no...

Peloponnesian League

Peloponnesian League   Quick reference

The Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2007
Subject:
Classical studies, History
Length:
381 words

... League , the earliest known and longest‐lasting Greek offensive and defensive alliance . The name is modern and inaccurate, since the alliance was neither all‐ and only Peloponnesian nor a league (the members were not all allied to each other, and when no League war was in progress, members were free to carry on separate wars even with other members); the usual ancient name was ‘the Lacedaemonians (Spartans) and their allies’. In the 6th cent. Sparta used personal ties of xenia ( see friendship, ritualized ) to negotiate treaties of alliance...

Peloponnesian League

Peloponnesian League   Reference library

Paul Anthony Cartledge

The Oxford Classical Dictionary (4 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2012
Subject:
Classical studies, History
Length:
524 words

... League , the earliest known and the most long-lived Greek summachia or offensive and defensive alliance . The name is modern and strictly inaccurate, since the alliance was neither all- and only Peloponnesian nor a league (the members were not all allied to each other, and when no League war was in progress, members were free to carry on separate wars even against other members); the usual ancient name was ‘the Lacedaemonians (Spartans) and their allies’. In the 6th cent. Sparta used personal ties of xenia ( see friendship, ritualized ) to...

Peloponne'sian league

Peloponne'sian league   Reference library

The Oxford Companion to Classical Literature (3 ed.)

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2011
Subject:
Literature, Classical studies
Length:
81 words

... league The earliest and longest-lived Greek alliance, dating from the reign of Cleomenes I (sixth century bc ) when Sparta negotiated treaties with Peloponnesian states whereby she could expect the support of all members in war if a majority vote favoured such a course, each state having one vote. Chilon , one of the Seven Sages , is credited with its creation. The term is modern; ancient authors would refer to ‘the Spartans and their allies’. The league was dissolved in 366 bc...

Peloponnesian League

Peloponnesian League  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
The earliest known and longest‐lasting Greek offensive and defensive alliance. The name is modern and inaccurate, since the alliance was neither all‐ and only Peloponnesian nor a league (the members ...
decarchies

decarchies  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
Were juntas, lit. ‘ten‐man rules’, established under the aegis of Lysander in parts of the former Athenian empire (see delian league) following Sparta's victory in the Peloponnesian War. They were ...
alliance (Greek)

alliance (Greek)  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
An agreement between states to fight together against a common enemy. Such alliances might be made either for a limited period or for all time. In a full offensive and defensive alliance it was ...
Cleomenes I

Cleomenes I  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
Agiad king of Sparta (reigned c.520–490 bc), son of Anaxandridas II by a second, bigamous union. His long, activist reign was one of the half‐dozen most influential on record. He pursued an ...
Clazomenae

Clazomenae  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
One of the twelve cities of the Panionium, situated on the south shore of the gulf of Smyrna on a small island joined to the mainland by a causeway. The ...
Sestus

Sestus  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
A city of the Thracian Chersonesus (1), located on an elevated plateau overlooking a bay favoured by wind and current. Sestus commanded the main crossing of the Hellespont (Dardanelles), lying ...
Histiaea

Histiaea  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
A city on the NW coast of Euboea, with a rich plain facing Thessaly. It was said to have been founded from Thessaly by Ellopians, and in the Catalogue of ...
Molossi

Molossi  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
Common name of tribes forming a tribal state (koinon) in Epirus, which originated in northern Pindus (including the Orestae, Fragmente der griechischen Historiker 1 F 107) and expanded southwards, ...
Mantinea

Mantinea  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
Polis in the northern part of the upland plain of modern Tripolis in eastern Arcadia. Mantinea frequently quarrelled with neighbouring Tegea over the flooding of excess water in the plain ...
tribute lists

tribute lists  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
Records of the aparchai (first‐fruits) of one‐sixtieth given as an offering to Athena from the tribute paid by the members of the Delian League after the treasury was moved from Delos to Athens, very ...
Megara

Megara  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
City between Athens and Corinth. It had only difficult access through mountains to the Corinthian Gulf, at Aegosthena and Pagae; its best territory, the plain near the city, was close to Nisaea, the ...
panhellenism

panhellenism  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
The idea that what the Greeks have in common, and what distinguishes them from barbarians, is more important than what divides them. The word is not ancient, though Panhellēněs is used of the Greeks ...
Pausanias

Pausanias  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
Grandson of Pausanias (1), Agiad king of Sparta 445–426 and 409–395 bc: his first reign was as a minor during the temporary deposition of his father Pleistoanax. In 403 he undermined Lysander's ...
perioikoi

perioikoi  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
‘dwellers round about’, were neighbouring people, often constituting groups of subjects or half‐citizens, normally with local self‐government. The best‐known group of perioikoi are those of the ...
Chilon

Chilon  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
Spartan ephor (c.556 bc), whose wit and wisdom gained him place among the ‘Seven Sages’ of Greece. Related by marriage to kings of both houses, he was said to have been the first to ‘yoke the ephors ...
Sciōnē

Sciōnē  

Reference type:
Overview Page
Subject:
Classical studies
City near the tip of the western (Pallene) peninsula of Chalcidice. It normally paid 6 talents tribute to Athens in the time of the Delian League. Its most famous hour was its enthusiastic but unwise ...

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