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Feast of Fools

Generic name for the New Year revels in European cathedrals and collegiate churches, when the minor clergy usurped the functions of their superiors and burlesqued the services of the ...

Jesus

Jesus   Reference library

Kathleen E. Corley

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Gender Studies

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2014
Subject:
Religion, Social sciences, Sociology
Length:
7,786 words

...however, are portrayed in negative ways: the women are incompetent and the men are often fools. In this regard, Jesus treats the male and female characters in his stories equally as caricatures. Apart from gender, Jesus did have interest in class and class inequity in his culture. He favors the resistant attitude of the lower classes, imagines a kingdom of God where even the poor gather for a feast, and represents the results of the economic injustices of his society in sometimes shockingly realistic ways. There is no evidence, however, that Jesus...

Exploration, Conquest, and Settlement in North America

Exploration, Conquest, and Settlement in North America   Reference library

Peter C. Mancall

The Oxford Encyclopedia of American Social History

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2013

...modern Saint Augustine on the east coast of Florida in 1513 , and Hernando de Soto, who led an epic journey from Cuba into the interior of the Southeast from 1539 to 1541 , providing Europeans with their first sustained views of the modern states of Georgia , Alabama , Mississippi , Louisiana , and eastern Texas . In 1540 a conquistador named Francisco Vásquez de Coronado led his troops northward from Mexico and into the Southwest on a fool’s quest for the fabled city of Cíbola, rumored to be a land of gold and jewels. He made it as far as ...

Education

Education   Reference library

Heather D. D. Parker, Erin E. Fleming, Timothy J. Sandoval, Daniele Pevarello, Michele Kennerly, Pheme Perkins, Sarit Kattan Gribetz, and Lillian I. Larsen

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Gender Studies

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2014
Subject:
Religion, Social sciences, Sociology
Length:
28,684 words

...as the “humanizing” of the young scribe ( Carr, 2005 ). The physical disciplining of youthful scribes can be conceived as part of this humanizing. Just as the Egyptian Instruction of Any (Anii) knew that the wild natures of brutish animals could be tamed through physical discipline, so too Proverbs draws similar analogies: “A whip for the horse, a bridle for the donkey, and a rod for the back of fools” ( 26:3 ). Given the patriarchal and paternalistic tendency of the education envisioned in the Hebrew Bible, the humanizing of male youths through...

Popular Religion and Magic

Popular Religion and Magic   Reference library

Jo-Ann Scurlock, Ann Jeffers, Pauline Hanesworth, Nicola Denzey Lewis, Jared C. Calaway, Mika Ahuvia, and Justin Marc Lasser

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Gender Studies

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2014
Subject:
Religion, Social sciences, Sociology
Length:
27,199 words

...fall under the rubric of popular religion. The dead were honored with prayers and small gifts such as a sprinkling of grain, some violets, or bread soaked in wine (Cicero, On the Laws 2.22; Ovid, Fast. 2.533–542); At the Parentalia and Feralia festivals (18–21 February), people brought gifts to the tombs of their family and ancestors and feasted in honor of the dead—practices that carried over into the early Christian era. People of all social classes participated in these rituals, although we can see in the accounts of Cicero and Ovid attempts by the Roman...

Imagery, Gendered

Imagery, Gendered   Reference library

Elizabeth W. Goldstein, Ken Stone, Julia M. O’Brien, Carole R. Fontaine, Greg Carey, Michal Beth Dinkler, and Susan Grove Eastman

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Gender Studies

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2014
Subject:
Religion, Social sciences, Sociology
Length:
26,610 words

... ( Murphy, 1990 ). However, the poems are drenched in the local territory and key vocabulary of the Promised Land that invite a more materialist interpretation. The explicit language and astonishing portrait of female speech and agency outside of (or preceding) a marital relationship scandalized both Jewish and Christian authorities, prompting deliberate mistranslation of some pronouns to gender the sexual advances made as male. The overall allegorizing of the characters, locations, and motifs transforms the Song into a story of love between God and Israel...

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