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Feast of Fools

Generic name for the New Year revels in European cathedrals and collegiate churches, when the minor clergy usurped the functions of their superiors and burlesqued the services of the ...

Antiquarianism (Popular)

Antiquarianism (Popular)   Reference library

An Oxford Companion to the Romantic Age

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2009
Subject:
History, modern history (1700 to 1945), Literature
Length:
6,164 words
Publisher:
Oxford University Press

... ( 1732–1802 ). But the most developed and scholarly of the pieces in Archaeologia is ‘Some Remarks on the ancient Ceremony of the Feast of Fools’, read on 10 May 1804 . Douce acknowledges that the ‘Ceremony’ in question has recently been described by Joseph *Strutt , in his Glig-Gamena Angel-Deod, Sports and Pastimes of the People of England ( 1801 ), but he suggests that Strutt was not aware of its ‘precise significance’ as a symptom of a degenerate religion rather than ‘part of the general mass of ancient mummeries’. After medievalism, Douce's second...

Atheism

Atheism   Reference library

Encyclopedia of the Enlightenment

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
History, modern history (1700 to 1945)
Length:
3,197 words

...text of Enlightenment atheism. Seek the first edition, with a “Discours Préliminaire” by Jacques-André Naigeon. Hunter, Michael , and David Wootton , eds. Atheism from the Reformation to the Enlightenment . Oxford, 1992. A feast of essays that, despite themselves, prove how rare authentic atheism actually was as an early-modern phenomenon. Kors, Alan Charles . D'Holbach's Coterie: An Enlightenment in Paris . Princeton, N.J., 1976. The author of this article offers a portrait of the salon of the celebrated atheist, arguing against the error of...

Carnival

Carnival   Reference library

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Reformation

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
History, modern history (1700 to 1945), Religion
Length:
1,147 words

...of Misrule,” usually played the leading roles in the proceedings, frequently sponsored by town councils. Historians and folklorists disagree over the meaning of this festival. For some, Carnival is a fundamentally Christian ritual. As John Bossy argues, “The object of the feast was … to bring the corpus of sin to light, in order that it might be got rid of in time for Lent” ( Christianity in the West, 1400 – 1700 , Oxford, 1985 , p. 43). Bossy supports his argument with the observation that proceedings often terminated with the trial and execution of...

Drama

Drama   Reference library

The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Reformation

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005
Subject:
History, modern history (1700 to 1945), Religion
Length:
4,664 words

...squares of major cities in England, France, Italy, the Iberian peninsula, and the German territories. Initially tied to the celebration of the Mass or to the festivities surrounding important feasts in the Christian liturgical calendar, such as Christmas, Easter, and Corpus Christi, these sacred works gradually developed into elaborate representations of the salvation history of humankind from the fall of Lucifer to the Last Judgment. By 1500 earlier dramatizations of biblical episodes, such as the adoration of the Magi and the discovery of the empty...

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