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Feast of Fools

Generic name for the New Year revels in European cathedrals and collegiate churches, when the minor clergy usurped the functions of their superiors and burlesqued the services of the ...

Late Period

Late Period   Reference library

The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2005

...figure, a fool, but one with a heart full of common sense. He gets drunk at night, but makes the point to a visiting Greek that this releases tension, like an archer who relaxes his bowstring to make it more efficient. He is not exactly reverent toward the niceties of religion, but he is careful not to give the impression of atheism or hostility. This is not a purely Greek tradition, however, as is well shown by a Demotic tale which features Amasis drinking on a heroic scale in defiance of his courtiers' advice. (This is in fact a parody of the well-known...

Symeon the Holy Fool of Emesa, S.

Symeon the Holy Fool of Emesa, S.   Reference library

Richard Price

The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2018

...Holy Fool of Emesa, S. ( Symeon Salus ) (mid- 6th cent .) The first of the ‘holy fools’. There is an authentic but brief treatment of Symeon in Evagrius Scholasticus ( HE IV, 34), which tells of him feasting in taverns while fasting in private and (innocently) frequenting prostitutes. In the 640s Bishop Leontius of Neapolis wrote a substantial Life , which misdates Symeon to the end of the 6th century . His work, partly legendary, partly fictitious, is important not as history but for bequeathing to Byzantium the new category of ‘holy fools’, who...

festivals and calendars

festivals and calendars   Reference library

Oliver Nicholson, Nancy Khalek, Oliver Nicholson, Roland Steinacher, Catherine Hezser, Nicholas Baker-Brian, Mark Gustafson, Oktor Skjærvø, and Alexander Skinner

The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2018

...Sacred: Aspects of the Christianisation of the Roman World (1995). F. Graf , ‘Fights about Festivals: Libanius and John Chrysostom on the Kalendae Ianuariae in Antioch’, Archiv für Religionsgeschichte 13 (2012), 175–86. M. Harris , Sacred Folly: A New History of the Feast of Fools (2011), 11–24. M. Kantirea , ‘Imperial Birthday Rituals in Late Antiquity’, in A. Beihammer et al., eds., Court Ceremonies and Rituals of Power in Byzantium and the Medieval Mediterranean: Comparative Perspectives (2013), 37–50. R. A. Markus , The End of Ancient...

saints’ Lives

saints’ Lives   Reference library

Sarah Insley

The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2018

... by Palladius of Helenopolis ( c . 420 ), the Religious History by Theodoret of Cyrrhus ( c . 440 ), and the Lives of the Fathers written by Gregory of Tours in the 6th century . As the Life developed as a genre in its own right in the 5th and 6th centuries , subgenres of Lives begin to emerge, corpora of texts devoted to specific hagiographical types, such as Lives of founders of monasteries , of bishops , of stylites , of fools for Christ , and of nuns who lived as men, such as S. Mary of Egypt . Lives of saints continued to be...

Wisdom Texts

Wisdom Texts   Reference library

Encyclopedia of the Dead Sea Scrolls

Reference type:
Subject Reference
Current Version:
2008

...gives a picture of a wisdom community that would fit well at Qumran: “From the gates of the righteous her voice is heard, and from the assembly of the pious her song.” The community's banquet is a wisdom feast, and wisdom is identified with the Torah: “When they eat in fullness, she is mentioned; and when they drink in community together, their meditation is on the law of the most high.” Although there is no definite link between Psalm 154 and the Qumran community beyond its being part of a manuscript found in Cave 11, the content of this psalm would have...

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