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Curie, Pierre Quick reference
A Dictionary of Scientists
..., Pierre (1859–1906) French physicist Pierre Curie was the son of a Paris physician. He was educated at the Sorbonne where he became an assistant in 1878 . In 1882 he was made laboratory chief at the School of Industrial Physics and Chemistry where he remained until he was appointed professor of physics at the Sorbonne in 1904 . In 1895 he married Marie Skłodowska , with whom he conducted research into the radioactivity of radium and with whom he shared the Nobel Prize for physics in 1903 . His scientific career falls naturally into two periods,...
Irène Joliot-Curie
André Louis Debierne
Marie Curie
Antoine Henri Becquerel
Curie's law
Curie point
piezoelectricity
Joliot-Curie, Irène Quick reference
A Dictionary of Scientists
...Curie, Irène (1897–1956) French physicist Irène Curie was born in Paris, the daughter of Pierre Curie and Marie Curie , the discoverers of radium. She received little formal schooling, attending instead informal classes where she was taught physics by her mother, mathematics by Paul Langevin , and chemistry by Jean Baptiste Perrin . She later attended the Sorbonne although she first served as a radiologist at the front during World War I. In 1921 she began work at her mother's Radium Institute with which she maintained her connection for the rest...
Debierne, André Louis Quick reference
A Dictionary of Scientists
...Louis (1874–1949) French chemist Born in Paris, France, Debierne was educated at the Ecole de Physique et Chemie. After graduation he worked at the Sorbonne and as an assistant to Pierre and Marie Curie , finally succeeding the latter as director of the Radium Institute. On his retirement in 1949 he in turn was succeeded by Marie Curie's daughter, Irène Joliot-Curie . Debierne was principally a radiochemist; his first triumph came in 1900 with the discovery of a new radioactive element, actinium, which he isolated while working with pitchblende. In...
Langevin, Paul Quick reference
A Dictionary of Scientists
... French physicist Langevin , a native Parisian, studied at the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge under J. J. Thomson and at the Sorbonne, where he obtained his PhD under Pierre Curie in 1902 . He became physics professor at the Collège de France in 1904 and at the Sorbonne in 1909 . Langevin worked on the application of ultrasonic vibrations, which, following Pierre Curie's discovery of piezoelectricity, could be generated by applying a rapidly changing electric potential to a crystal, making it vibrate and produce sound waves in the ultrasonic...
Curie, Marie Skłodowska Quick reference
A Dictionary of Scientists
...question was the nature of the source of the energy. Pierre Curie showed that one gram of radium gave out about a hundred calories per hour. One further mystery at this time was the discovery of induced radioactivity – they had found that metal plates that had been close to, but not in contact with, samples of radium became radioactive themselves and remained so for some time. The mysteries of radioactivity were explained not by the Curies but by Rutherford and his pupils. Although Marie Curie was no great theorist, she was an industrious...
Becquerel, Antoine Henri Quick reference
A Dictionary of Scientists
...came from the uranium in the salt. Becquerel went on to study the properties of this radiation; in 1899 he showed that part of it could be deflected by a magnetic field and thus consisted of charged particles. In 1903 he shared the Nobel Prize for physics with Pierre and Marie Curie...
Rutherford, Ernest Quick reference
A Dictionary of Scientists
... October 1901 to April 1903 , during which time they produced nine major papers laying the foundations for the serious study of radioactivity. When Rutherford began working on radioactivity at the end of the century little was known about it apart from the result of Pierre and Marie Curie that it was not limited to uranium alone but was also a property of thorium, radium, and polonium. Rutherford's first important advance, in 1899 , was his demonstration that there were two quite different kinds of emission, which he referred to as alpha and beta rays....
Curie point Quick reference
A Dictionary of Physics (8 ed.)
...Curie point ( Curie temperature ) The temperature at which a ferromagnetic substance loses its ferromagnetism and becomes only paramagnetic. For iron the Curie point is 760°C and for nickel 356°C. It is named after Pierre Curie...
Curie point Quick reference
A Dictionary of Chemistry (8 ed.)
... point ( Curie temperature ) The temperature at which a ferromagnetic substance loses its ferromagnetism and becomes only paramagnetic. For iron the Curie point is 760°C and for nickel 356°C. It is named after Pierre Curie...
Curie’s law Quick reference
A Dictionary of Physics (8 ed.)
...Curie’s law The susceptibility ( χ ) of a paramagnetic substance is proportional to the thermodynamic temperature ( T ), i.e. χ = C / T , where C is the Curie constant. A modification of this law, the Curie–Weiss law , is more generally applicable. It states that χ = C /( T − θ ), where θ is the Weiss constant, a characteristic of the material. The law was first proposed by Pierre Curie in 1895 and modified by another French physicist, Pierre-Ernest Weiss ( 1865–1940 ), in...
Curie–Weiss law Quick reference
A Dictionary of Geology and Earth Sciences (5 ed.)
...–Weiss law A law that describes the magnetic susceptibility ( X ) of a ferromagnet ( see ferromagnetism ) at temperatures above the Curie temperature . X = C /( T − θ ) where C is a constant for each material, T is the temperature in kelvins, and θ is the Curie temperature in kelvins. The law was formulated by the French physicists Pierre Curie ( 1859–1906 ) and Pierre-Ernest Weiss ( 1865–1940...
Curie’s law Quick reference
A Dictionary of Chemistry (8 ed.)
...’s law The susceptibility ( χ ) of a paramagnetic substance is proportional to the thermodynamic temperature ( T ), i.e. χ = C / T , where C is the Curie constant. A modification of this law, the Curie-Weiss law , is more generally applicable. It states that χ = C /( T – θ ), where θ is the Weiss constant, a characteristic of the material. The law was first proposed by Pierre Curie in 1895 and modified by another French physicist, Pierre-Ernest Weiss ( 1865–1940 ), in 1907...
Joliot-Curie, Irène (1897–1956) Quick reference
A Dictionary of Physics (8 ed.)
...Joliot-Curie, Irène ( 1897–1956 ) French physicist , daughter of Marie and Pierre Curie , who was educated by her mother and her scientist associates. In 1921 she began work at the Radium Institute, becoming director in 1946 . In 1926 she married Frédéric Joliot ( 1900–58 ). They shared the 1935 Nobel Prize for chemistry for their discovery of artificial radioactivity the previous...
