33 The History of the Book in Poland Reference library
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...atmosphere came to an end after the November Uprising of 1823 . In Warsaw, from 1801 the Society of the Friends of Science played an invaluable role in promoting academic publishing until its closure in 1831 . During the later 19 th century, without state support, the Polish School Society and the Mianowski Fund supported publishing both for schools and for research and academic communities. Influential private firms included the Glücksbergs for Polish history and literature, and the Arcts for textbooks, *music , *children’s book s, and, in the...
44 The History of the Book in Australia Reference library
The Oxford Companion to the Book
...of *New South Wales ) in Sydney in 1826 . Independent newspapers were increasing in number, and were less vulnerable to government interference: Bent’s defiance had been squashed in 1825 ; but when Governor Darling imprisoned the proprietors of the Australian and the Monitor in 1829 , the newspapers both continued publishing. The mid- 1820s saw an upsurge of original poetry in Sydney and Hobart newspapers. The first magazine, Robert Howe’s Australian Magazine (Sydney, 1821 ), was soon followed by the first book of verse by an Australian-born...
Palmer Drought Severity Index Reference library
Encyclopedia of Climate and Weather (2 ed.)
...original PDSI. It also reports extreme dry and wet events with frequency of occurrences more in line with rare events. With the advent of the U.S. Drought Monitor (drought.unl.edu/dm) ( Svoboda et al., 2002 ) in 1999 , PALMER DROUGHT SEVERITY INDEX. Figure 2. Status of drought severity in the United States on 1 July 1934 . (Data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture.) the North American Drought Monitor ( Lawrimore et al., 2002 ) shortly thereafter, and the National Integrated Drought Information System and its Web portal (“U.S. Drought Portal”) in 2006...
Natural Hazards Identification and Hazard Management Systems Reference library
P. Patrick Leahy
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Natural Hazards Governance
...to mitigate the hazard. Monitoring Conditions The third element of the hazard identification approach is monitoring. Monitoring coverage both by type of hazard and spatial distribution of monitoring locations varies globally. The ability to actively monitor for hazards is often controlled by the ability to monitor at the spatial scale that is useful, while sometimes it is a function of uncertainty in the dynamics that trigger a hazard. Earthquakes. Some nations have invested heavily in the development of extensive seismic monitoring networks, including Japan...
Snow Cover Reference library
Encyclopedia of Climate and Weather (2 ed.)
...take months to melt and are thus important sources of summer water for many arid regions. Monitoring the extent, depth, and water resources contained in the snow cover is done using a variety of tools. Because snow is white with a high albedo, it is easy to differentiate snow-covered from snow-free land using satellites. The hemispheric extent of the snow cover has been tracked this way since 1967 and provides an important record of climate. Snow cover depth is monitored at thousands of weather stations. These data are used with reanalysis models to produce...
The Challenges of Making Research Collaboration in Africa More Equitable Reference library
Susan Dodsworth
The Oxford Encyclopedia of African Politics
...pressure, and the fact that it is unlikely to decline, many development organizations have invested in strengthening their internal monitoring and evaluation systems. Others, such as the Westminster Foundation for Democracy (the U.K.’s primary democracy support agency, funded by both the DFID and the Foreign and Commonwealth Office) have gone further, launching new research partnerships that aim to make collaboration with academic research a more systematic and long-term part of their work. 3 Researchers based in Africa face funding pressures of their own—in...
Bunche, Ralph Johnson (b. 7 August 1903) Reference library
Encyclopedia of African American History 1896 to the Present
...of Colored People Records, Library of Congress This continuing belief informed not only Bunche's activity with public organizations, such as the National Negro Congress, but also his academic work with the Carnegie Corporation's celebrated project on race relations in the United States led by the Swedish economist Gunnar Myrdal. The latter also led to Bunche's most lasting academic work, later published as The Political Status of the Negro in the Age of FDR ( 1973 ), which contains a detailed analysis of the societal position of the African American and, as...
Ncube, Welshman ((1961– )) Reference library
sabelo j ndlovu-gatsheni
Dictionary of African Biography
...talks that culminated in the signing of the Global Political Agreement (GPA) in September 2008 . He is currently the minister of industry and commerce and chief negotiator for his party in the ongoing talks about full implementation of the GPA and is a key member of the Joint Monitoring and Implementation Commission (JOMIC) tasked to review the stages of the implementation of the GPA and to attend to issues of continued violations of the provisions of the GPA. Ncube is married to Thobekile-Siwela Ncube, a daughter of the late PF-ZAPU nationalist stalwart and former...
Experimental Research in African Politics Reference library
George Kwaku Ofosu
The Oxford Encyclopedia of African Politics
...observers in Africa, Ichino and Schündeln ( 2012 ) partnered with Ghana’s largest citizen election monitoring group, the Coalition of Domestic Election Observers (CODEO), to examine the effect of monitors on voter registration fraud in the country’s 2008 general elections. CODEO deployed trained monitors to registration centers to detect and deter illicit voter registration practices. Until recently, it was hard to assess the impact of monitors on registration and election-day fraud because civil society groups deployed observers to locations with a...
Teacher Education and Inclusion in the Asia-Pacific Region Reference library
Chris Forlin
Oxford Encyclopedia of Global Perspectives on Teacher Education
...review stage requires stakeholders to first review progress toward inclusive education at all levels and to identify any physical, academic, behavioral, or social emotional barriers that may exist within their own context. In some regions, such as the Pacific Islands, 14 countries have worked collaboratively to establish indicators for inclusion as a guide for individual countries to select ones they wish to use to review and monitor progress toward inclusion ( Sharma, Forlin, Marella, & Jitoka, 2016 ; Sharma, Forlin, Sprunt, & Merumeru, 2016 ; Sharma,...
Ionosphere Reference library
Encyclopedia of Climate and Weather (2 ed.)
...of Electrical Engineers, 1989. Rishbeth, H. , and O. K. Garriott . Introduction to Ionospheric Physics . New York: Academic, 1969. Schunk, R. W. “The Terrestrial Ionosphere.” In Solar Terrestrial Physics: Principles and Theoretical Foundations , edited by R. L. Carovillano and J. M. Forbes , pp. 609–676. Dordrecht and Boston: D. Reidel; Hingham, Mass.: Sold and distributed in the United States and Canada by Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1983. Stewart, B. “ Hypothetical Views Regarding the Connection between the State of the Sun and Terrestrial...
Lessons on Risk Governance From the UNISDR Experience Reference library
Sálvano Briceño
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Natural Hazards Governance
...to develop policies with all its phases of research, formulation, consultation, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation with a view to addressing current issues affecting the society, such as in this case, reducing the risk of disasters. It starts with identifying specific goals and objectives, then programming, planning, and strategizing to implement actions aiming at achieving the goals and objectives identified, and then continuing with monitoring and evaluating the implementation with a view to feeding and enhancing the continuing policy process....
The Role of Mentoring in Teacher Education Reference library
Nicole Hayes and Bruce Pridham
Oxford Encyclopedia of Global Perspectives on Teacher Education
... 2015 ; Zey, 1984 ), and helping ( Caruso, 1990 ; Rabe, 2018 ). Successful relational attributes of mentors include academic credibility, motivation, communication skills, supportiveness, and empathy as well as enthusiasm and trustworthiness ( Terrion & Leonard, 2007 ). Ward, Thomas, and Disch ( 2014 ) make the point that it is the ability and willingness of the mentor to be adaptive to the mentee’s psychological and academic needs that guides the relationship. Mentoring in Tertiary Education. Mentoring is often formalized in tertiary education, where...
Prevention Reference library
Encyclopedia of Social Work (20 ed.)
...prevention and health promotion (pp. 937–945). New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers. DuBois, D. L. (2003b). Self-esteem, childhood. In T. P. Gullotta & M. Bloom (Eds.), Encyclopedia of primary prevention and health promotion (pp. 945–953). New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers. DuBois, D. L. (2003c). Self-esteem, adolescence. In T. P. Gullotta & M. Bloom (Eds.), Encyclopedia of primary prevention and health promotion (pp. 953–961). New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers. Durlak, J. A. (1997). Successful prevention...
subliminal perception Reference library
The Oxford Companion to the Mind (2 ed.)
...suggest that, prior to awareness of a visual stimulus which is gradually increasing in brightness, the brain may analyse the latter's meaning and, as a result, modify its own level of arousal to hasten or retard awareness of the information that it carries. That the brain monitors and analyses subliminal stimuli receives support from many comparable investigations. Thus, emotional words, presented below threshold to the eye, have been found to change auditory sensitivity, and vice versa. By the same token, during binocular rivalry, in which the subject...
anaesthesia, general Reference library
The Oxford Companion to the Body
...anaesthesia, have become available in disposable versions, minimizing the risk of infection being transferred from one patient to another. Another major development, commencing in the 1970s, has been the increasing availability of apparatus which allows the anaesthetist to monitor routinely not only the patient's pulse rate, blood pressure, and electrocardiogram, but also such physiological parameters as the oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood. This, together with the measurement of blood loss during operations, provides an early warning of...
ElBaradei, Mohamed (1942) Reference library
leney-hall katya
Dictionary of African Biography
...individual fuel cycles. More successful were his efforts to keep nuclear and radiological material safe from extremists, by launching a campaign to enhance the protection of nuclear facilities, securing powerful radioactive sources, training law enforcement officials, and monitoring border crossings. A pacifist, ElBaradei cautioned against military action and maintained that “direct dialogue, without preconditions and on the basis of mutual respect” was the way forward in disarmament. He had been ignored in 2003 , when he had warned that IAEA inspectors could...
Democracy Promotion in Africa Reference library
Oda van Cranenburgh
The Oxford Encyclopedia of African Politics
...on the effects of majoritarian electoral systems present in many African countries. However, election monitoring is also manipulated in various ways by governments unwilling to relinquish power through free and fair elections. In a comprehensive account of the evolution of international election monitoring, Kelley ( 2012 ) examined the numerous actors involved, the supply and demand factors fueling the growth of the industry, and the effect of monitoring on the quality of democracy. The positive effect on democracy is compromised because the acceptance of...
Secondary Education Reference library
The New Oxford Companion to Economics in India (3 ed.)
...17(3). 1 For TIMSS, see http://nces.ed.gov/times/. For PIRLS, see http://timss.bc.edu/pirls2001.html. For SACMEQ, see Southern and Eastern Africa Consortium for Monitoring Educational Quality, http://www.sacmeq.org/. 1 For TIMSS, see http://nces.ed.gov/times/. For PIRLS, see http://timss.bc.edu/pirls2001.html. For SACMEQ, see Southern and Eastern Africa Consortium for Monitoring Educational Quality, ...
Corporate Ownership and Performance Reference library
Jayati Sarkar and Subrata Sarkar
The New Oxford Companion to Economics in India (3 ed.)
...owners of family-dominated companies, positively impacts company value once their holdings cross a threshold (25 per cent), a result that is consistent with that of some well-cited studies in the US. The study also finds effective monitoring by financial institutions once they have substantial equity holdings. Further, this monitoring is reinforced by the extent of debt holdings by these institutions. The overall evidence, confirmed by later studies using more recent data, points to the positive role that can be played by blockholders in mitigating managerial...
