Overview
John Foster Dulles
(1888—1959) American Republican statesman and international lawyer
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Allen Welsh Dulles
(1893–1969), lawyer, foreign service officer, and intelligence official.The grandson of one secretary of state and nephew of another, Dulles entered the foreign service in 1914. He spent World War ...
brinkmanship
The art or practice of pursuing a dangerous policy to the limits of safety before stopping, especially in politics. The term derives from an interview in 1956 with the American international lawyer ...
Central Intelligence Agency
CIA an independent U.S. agency responsible to the president through its Director and to the people of the United States through Congressional intelligence oversight committees. It was officially ...
Cold War
The antagonism between the USA and USSR lasting from the late 1940s until the late 1980s, ‘cold’ because it was waged through diplomatic and ideological means rather than force. Britain was allied to ...
Dulles, John Foster (1888–1959) Quick reference
World Encyclopedia
secretary of state (1953–59) under Dwight D. Eisenhower. A powerful opponent of communism, he became a back-room
Dulles, John Foster (1888–1959) Reference library
The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military
Dulles advocated the threat of nuclear retaliation as the chief deterrent to Soviet aggression during the
Dulles, John Foster Reference library
Ronald Pruessen
The Oxford Companion to United States History
(1888–1959), secretary of state, 1953–1959.
The grandson of Benjamin Harrison's secretary of state John W. Foster, John Foster Dulles...
Dulles, John Foster (1888–1959) Quick reference
Who's Who in the Twentieth Century
US Republican statesman and diplomat who became secretary of state (1953–59) under President Eisenhower. He was awarded the Medal of Freedom in ...
Dwight D. Eisenhower
(1890–1969)US general and Republican statesman; thirty-fourth president of the USA (1953–60).Born in Denison, Texas, Eisenhower graduated from West Point military academy in 1915 and held senior ...
Eisenhower Doctrine
A statement of US foreign policy issued by President Eisenhower after the Suez War and approved by Congress in 1957. It proposed to offer economic aid and military advice to governments in the Middle ...
Fifties, The.
The Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union dominated American life in the 1950s.The Korean War (1950–1953), a conflict formally fought under the flag of the ...
Geneva Agreement on Indochina
An agreement negotiated following the fall of the French fortress at Dien Bien Phu, Vietnam. Signed on July 21, 1954, it included a cease-fire, a military demarcation line along the ...
Henry Kissinger
(1923–) U.S. statesman, born in Fürth, Germany. Kissinger served as national security advisor (1969–75) and secretary of state (1973–77). During his tenure (the administrations of Presidents Richard ...
Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán
(1913–71)Guatemalan statesman. A member of the Revolutionary Action Party, he served as President (1951–54). His comprehensive agrarian reforms made possible the expropriation by the government of ...
Japan, Peace Treaty with
Three agreements negotiated by John Foster Dulles, who was President Harry S. Truman's envoy, and Japanese Prime Minister Yoshida Shigeru. The agreements addressed the U.S. military presence in Japan ...
massive retaliation
The deterrence doctrine of the Eisenhower administration, that the United States would feel free to use nuclear weapons at the time and place of its choosing to prevent any further expansion of ...
Nuclear Strategy.
Until 1945, Americans could assume that any wars they fought would not be fundamentally ruinous to their society.The nuclear era challenged that assumption not only because of the destructiveness ...
Pierre Mendès-France
(b. 11 Jan. 1907, d. 18 Oct. 1982).Prime Minister of France 1954–5 He entered the Chamber as the youngest Deputy for the Radical Party in 1932 and remained in that position until the French collapse ...
Robert McNamara
(b. San Francisco, 9 June 1916; d. Washington DC, 6 July 2009)US; Secretary of Defense 1961–8 The son of a wholesale shoe industry executive, McNamara was educated in state schools, graduated BA from ...
San Francisco Conference
(15 Apr. – 26 June 1945)An international conference attended by representatives of the fifty countries that had declared war on Germany by 1 March 1945. It discussed and determined the aims and ...
