Artemisia
Daughter of Hecatomnus, ruled Caria (south-west Asia Minor) with her full brother and incestuous husband Mausolus in the mid-4th cent.bc: Ilabraunda (1972), no. 40, joint decree in Greek (‘it seemed ...
Asclepiades
(RE 27),of Tragilus (4th cent. bc), wrote an account of Greek mythology as told in tragedy, the six books of Tragodoumena (Fragmente der griechischen Historiker 12), just as earlier ...
Chios
An Ionian polis on the large Aegean island of the same name, some 7 km. (4½ mi.) from Asia Minor. Thucydides (2) calls it the greatest polis of Ionia and its citizens among the richest Greeks. The ...
convīvium
The Roman convivium was modelled on the Etruscan version of the Greek symposium. These Italian feasts differed from their Greek prototypes in four important respects: citizen women were present; ...
demagogue
Like democracy, the idea of a demagogue has its roots in the ambiguous Greek word demos meaning ‘the people’, but in the sense of either ‘the population’ or ‘the mob’. Thus a demagogue was, even in ...
Epirus
(Ἤπειρος, ‘Mainland’), north-west area of Greece, from Acroceraunian point to Nicopolis (3), with harbours at Buthrotum and Glycys Limen (at Acheron's mouth); bordered on south by gulf of Ambracia, ...
epitome
The Hellenistic age was the first to feel the growth of recorded literature as a burden; and the age which cast doubt on the propriety of a ‘big book’ also pioneered the abridgement of long works, ...
Greek biography
Biography in antiquity was not a rigidly defined genre. Bios, ‘life’, or bioi, ‘lives’, spanned a range of types of writing. So the boundaries with neighbouring genres—the encomium, the biographical ...
Greek historiography
Homer is slippery ground for the historian. But his characters show awareness of the past, and they long to leave glory behind them; thus Achilles sings of the famous deeds of men and Helen weaves ...
hetairoi
The ‘Companions’ of early Macedonian kings. Personal status at the Macedonian court was principally defined by relationship to the king; hetairoi were at first an élite because they were the king's ...
historiography, Hellenistic
In an age that witnessed the conquests by Alexander (3) the Great and his Successors and then the Roman succession to virtually all that had been theirs, Greeks substantially expanded ...
Isocrates
(436–338bc)Greek philosopher and follower of Socrates. An important source for knowledge of fourth-century Greece, Isocrates was an orator and teacher of rhetoric, and known mainly as a historian, ...
Mausolus
Son of Hecatomnus. Ruler of Caria 377–353 bc, in conjunction with his sister and wife Artemisia, and a diffuser of Hellenism in 4th‐cent. Asia Minor, who nevertheless promoted or retained the local ...
oath of Plataea
Fourth-cent. bcAthens knew an anti-Persian oath sworn by the Greek allies before the battle of Plataea (see preceding article), preserved in three nearly identical versions (Lycurgus Against ...
Oxyrhynchus, the historian from
Hellenica of Oxyrhynchus: two sets of papyrus fragments found at Oxyrhynchus in Egypt, both 2nd cent. bc: POxy 842 (London Papyrus, found in 1906, edited by Grenfell and Hunt, who named the unknown ...
paradoxography
An ancient literary genre devoted to descriptions of mirabilia, marvelous or miraculous objects. The word paradoxographos was invented by Tzetzes (Hist. 2.154), who placed the paradoxographos ...
Persian-Wars tradition
The glory‐days of the Persian Wars loomed large in defining mainland Greek identities until well into the Roman age. In Thucydides (2) 5th‐cent. Athens justified its empire by them, in the tradition ...
Philippopolis
(Φιλιππούπολις, Thracian Pulpudeva [Ž. Velkova in Pulpudeva 1 (Sofia 1976) 174f], mod. Plovdiv), city in northern Thrace on the right bank of the Hebros (Marica) River, founded in antiquity. Despite ...
Philochorus
(c.340–260 bc)of Athens was a truly Hellenistic man. The mini‐biography of him in the Suda reveals a man of religion, a patriot, and a scholar‐historian, who wrote at least 27 works, of which the ...
Theodectes
A tragic poet, orator, writer on rhetoric, and composer of riddles in verse, was born at Phaselis in Lycia but probably lived mainly at Athens. The Suda and other sources ...
