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Accius
(170–c.86 bc),Roman tragic poet and literary scholar. Although of conservative political views, he believed that literary talent demanded in its context more respect than nobility of birth. He had a ...
Ardea
A city of the Rutuli, a Latin people. Although 4.5 km. (3 mi.) from the sea, it served as a port for Latium. First settled in the bronze age, its ...
Aricia
At the foot of the Alban hills (see Albanus mons), 25 km. (16 mi.) south-east of Rome, on the edge of a fertile volcanic depression (vallis Aricina); the impressive viaduct ...
Aristodemus Malacus
(‘the Effeminate’), tyrant of Cumae, 504–c. 490 bc. An account of the career of this colourful tyrant in Dionysius (7) of Halicarnassus (7. 3–11) derives, probably via Timaeus (2) from ...
Brutus
In Shakespeare's Julius Caesar, Decius Brutus is one of the conspirators. Marcus Brutus is the idealistic friend of Caesar who is persuaded by Cassius to join the conspiracy. Caesar receives his ...
Capitol
[Ge]The principal hill in Rome, site of the temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus, that served as a citadel and religious centre.
Cloāca Maxima
Originally a stream draining NE Rome from the Argiletum to the Tiber through the forum Romānum and Velabrum. The main sewer is largely due to Agrippa's overhaul in 33 bc with later repairs and ...
Decemvirates, First and Second
According to the developed Roman tradition, after prolonged plebeian agitation for the compilation of a law code, all regular magistracies (including the plebeian tribunate) were suspended for 451 bc ...
Etruscans
Historically and artistically the most important of the indigenous peoples of pre‐Roman Italy, and acc. to Porcius Cato (1) the masters of nearly all of it—a claim confirmed by archaeology for the ...
friendship, ritualized
A bond of trust, imitating kinship and reinforced by rituals, generating affection and obligations between individuals belonging to separate social units. In Greek sources this bond is called xenia; ...
imagery
A rather vague critical term covering those uses of language in a literary work that evoke sense-impressions by literal or figurative reference to perceptible or ‘concrete’ objects, scenes, actions, ...
Iunius Brutus, Lucius
(RE 46a in Suppl. 5. 356ff.)was reputedly responsible for the expulsion of Tarquinius Superbus after the suicide of Lucretia and was one of the first two consuls in 509 ...
Iūnius Brūtus, Marcus
Son of another Marcus Iunius Brutus (put to death by Pompey in 77 after a promise of safe conduct) and of Servilia, b. (probably) 85 bc. Brought up by Porcius Cato (2), he was educated in oratory and ...
Lars Porsen(n)a
(6th century bc),a legendary Etruscan chieftain, king of the town of Clusium. Summoned by Tarquinius Superbus after the latter's overthrow and exile from Rome, Porsena subsequently laid siege to the ...
Latin tragedy
Varro and Pomponius Atticus dated the first performance of a Latin tragedy to 240 bc at the Ludi Romani. Performances continued at this and other public festivals down to the end of the 1st cent. bc. ...
Lucius Junius Brutus
(d. 509 bce)Roman consul. Lucius Junius Brutus is credited with being the founder of the Roman Republic, the man who “liberated” Rome from monarchy. His story is most fully ...
Lucius Tarquinius Priscus
The fifth king of Rome (traditionally 616–579bc), was believed to be the son of Demaratus of Corinth, who fled to Tarquinii (mod. Tarquinia) to escape the tyranny of Cypselus. Tarquin himself ...
Lucretia
In Roman legend, a woman who was raped by a son of Tarquinius Superbus and took her own life; this led to the expulsion of the Tarquins from Rome by a rebellion under Brutus.
Mamilius Octavius
(RE 4),of Tusculum was reputedly son-in-law of Tarquinius Superbus and died heroically leading the Latins at Lake Regillus in support of his restoration to the Roman kingship. Inter-communal marriage ...
names
Recorded from Old English and of Germanic origin, the word comes ultimately from a root shared by Latin nomen and Greek onoma.have one's name and number on it (of a bullet) be destined to kill one; ...
