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abhūta-parikalpa
(Skt., the process of imagining or projecting what is unreal). A key Yogācāra concept describing the function of the ‘other-dependent’ or ‘relative’ (paratantra) nature (svabhāva) by which the false ...
Bhāvaviveka
(c.490–570).A noted Indian Madhyamaka philosopher, also known as Bhavya, who wrote a number of important works, including the Tarka-jvālā, refuting other contemporary Buddhist and non-Buddhist ...
bhūtatathatā
(Skt., ‘suchness of existents’).In Buddhism, the true nature, as opposed to the appearance, of the manifest world. It is ‘that which really is’, in contrast to all that is transient, and thus in ...
Eternalism
A belief refuted by Buddhism. In Theravāda, it is the false belief that the self is independent of the body-mind continuum and therefore survives death unchanged (Pāli, sassata-diṭṭhi). In Mahāyāna ...
extrinsic emptiness
(Tib., gzhan-stong).A theory developed in Tibet by Dolpopa Sherap Gyeltshan (Tib., Dol-po-pa shes-rab rgyal-mtshan, 1292–1361) and others based on the embryonic Buddha (tathāgata-garbha) concept ...
Fa-hsiang
A school of Chinese Buddhism, also known as Dharma-character, which continued the teaching of Vijñavāda (Yogācāra), based on the writings of Asaṅga and Vasubandhu. It was founded by Hsüan-tsang ...
intrinsic emptiness
(Tib., rang-stong).The standard Madhyamaka view of emptiness in contrast to the doctrine of ‘extrinsic emptiness’. According to the theory of intrinsic emptiness all conventional phenomena are empty ...
Madhyamaka
(Skt.). The ‘Middle School’, a system of Buddhist philosophy founded by Nāgārjuna in the 2nd century ce which has been extremely influential within the Mahāyāna tradition of Buddhism (a follower of ...
Mūla-Mādhyamaka-Kārikā
‘The Root Verses on the Madhyamaka System’, being the title of the most important work by Nāgārjuna which laid the foundations for the Madhyamaka school of Mahāyāna Buddhism. It comprises 448 verses ...
pratītya-samutpāda
(Skt; Pāli, paṭicca-samuppāda).The doctrine of Dependent Origination, a fundamental Buddhist teaching on causation and the ontological status of phenomena. The doctrine teaches that all phenomena ...
svabhāva Quick reference
A Dictionary of Buddhism
(Skt.). Intrinsic nature, self-being or own-being; a technical term found in early sources but used mainly in later Buddhism to
Svabhāva Reference library
The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions
‘Self-nature’ or ‘Own-being’: a property which, according to the Mādhyamaka, is falsely ascribed to dharmas, or the world
Svātantrika-Madhyamaka
(Skt.; Tib., rang-rgyud-pa). One of the two main schools of Madhyamaka Buddhism.whose main representatives were Bhāvaviveka and the later Śāntarakṣita. The school was defined by its use of a ...
tathatā
(Skt.). Term meaning ‘suchness’, and denoting the way things are in truth or actuality, and used especially in Mahāyāna Buddhism to denote the essential nature of reality and the quiddity or true ...
