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Alexandre Hardy
(c.1575–c.1631),the first professional French playwright, attached to the company under Valleran-Lecomte which settled at the Hôtel de Bourgogne, where his plays, of which about 40 survive from a ...
closet drama
A play – often in verse – written to be read rather than performed, such as The Dynasts (1904–8) by Thomas Hardy (which later was adapted for performance by Granville ...
Étienne Jodelle
(1532–73),French Renaissance poet and dramatist, a member (with Ronsard and others) of the famous ‘Pléiade’. His Cléopâtre captive (1552) was the first French tragedy to be modelled on Seneca. ...
Lucius Annaeus Seneca
(after 4 bc–ad 65)Roman statesman and a trenchant expositor of Stoicism. His principal ethical writings are the Epistolae Morales (‘Moral Letters’), an early literary exploitation of the letter form. ...
Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft
(1581–1647)Dutch playwright, poet, and historian. Hooft was a typical early modern artist who joined Samuel Coster when he established the Duytsche Academie in Amsterdam (1617), the forerunner of the ...
revenge tragedy
A dramatic genre that flourished in the late Elizabethan and Jacobean period, sometimes known as ‘the tragedy of blood’. Kyd's The Spanish Tragedy (c.1587) helped to establish a demand for this ...
Schicksalstragödie
A genre popular in the early nineteenth century in Germany, ‘fate tragedy’ describes plays in which there can be no escape, often for a whole family, from the tragic outcome. ...
Thomas Sackville
(first earl of Dorset and Baron Buckhurst) (1536–1608), he entered parliament in 1558, was raised to the peerage in 1567, and held a number of high official positions. He wrote the Induction and ‘The ...
tragedy
A serious drama with an unhappy ending involving the downfall of the protagonist. One of Frye's four main literary genres, the others being comedy, romance, and satire. For Aristotle, this involved ...
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