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aesthetic distance
1. In literary and aesthetic theory, a psychological relationship between an audience and an artwork reflecting a certain degree of disinterest, or critical detachment from it. Some critics ...
cultural studies
The critical analysis of the texts and practices of everyday life in contemporary society: an interdisciplinary enterprise involving both the humanities and the social sciences. Its territory (in the ...
expectations
1. (expectancy effect) A top-down factor in perception generated by particular contexts and/or purposes that contributes to the relative salience of data: see also contextual expectations; perceptual ...
gestalt
The perception of a pattern or structure as a whole, not as a sum of its constituent parts. The German Gestalt means ‘form’ or ‘shape’. See also jizz.
Hans Robert Jauss
(1921–97)Germanliterary theorist, best known for establishing Reception Aesthetics. Together with his colleague Wolfgang Iser, he is the founder of the Konstanz School, which has had a significant ...
hermeneutic circle
1. In philosophy, the problem of the circularity of understanding: where understanding A presupposes understanding B, which in turn presupposes understanding A.2. In hermeneutics a dialogical ...
hermeneutics
The branch of knowledge that deals with interpretation, especially of the Bible or literary texts.
horizon of expectations
The shared ‘mental set’ or framework within which those of a particular generation in a culture understand, interpret, and evaluate a text or an artwork. This includes textual knowledge of ...
implied reader
In Iser's phenomenological theory of reader-response, a hypothetical ‘role’ or ‘model’ of someone assumed by the author to share the knowledge necessary in order to fully understand the text, as ...
indeterminacy
Unpredictability in outcome, because a very large number of interrelated factors are involved and/or because understanding of the particular system is still quite limited.
media theory
1. Broadly, any coherent framework of ideas and concepts for analysing or generating investigable hypotheses about mediated communication, including media comparisons and theories of influence and ...
Problematology
Based on the foundational role of questioning for thinking and reasoning at large, problematology is a new approach to language and rhetoric. Rhetoric has been characterized in many ways: by ...
reader-oriented
1. In the process of written composition, a stage at which the style and structure of a text is subordinated to the needs of the reader rather than to those of the writer; also drafts of a text which ...
reader-response theory
A view of literary interpretation associated with the American critic Stanley Fish. It holds that meaning does not reside in the text, but in the mind of the reader. The text functions only as a ...
Roman Ingarden
(1893–1970).Polish phenomenologist with a realist leaning. Studied in Lvov, Vienna, and Göttingen, and in Freiburg with Husserl. Professor in Lvov and Cracow. His works, written in Polish and German ...
speech
An audiovisual communicative process, speech involves linguistic, paralinguistic, and kinesic signs integrated in a single dynamic structure centered mainly on the “speaking face.” These signs ...
textualism
1. The interpretation of a written text based on establishing its original meaning—the sense that the precise wording used was commonly understood to have at the time it was published. Primarily ...
uses and gratifications
A functionalist approach to the mass media framed in terms of people's motivations and needs—concerned, in other words, with why people use the media rather than with media effects on people: see ...
Wolfgang Iser
(1926–2007)Germanliterary scholar, best known for establishing Reception Theory. Together with his colleague Hans Robert Jauss, he is the founder of the Konstanz School of reception aesthetics which ...
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