actuality
1. Film of real people going about their everyday lives rather than of actors playing roles (often as segments incorporated into fictional or fictionalized narrative films in order to add realism).2. ...
Adolf von Hildebrand
(b Marburg, 6 Oct. 1847; d Munich, 18 Jan. 1921).German sculptor and writer on art. He spent much of his career in Italy and is regarded as one of the main upholders in his period of the classical ...
Akseli Gallen-Kallela
(b Pori, 26 Apr. 1865; d Stockholm, 7 Mar. 1931).Finnish painter, graphic artist, designer, and architect. A major figure in the Art Nouveau and Symbolist movements, Gallen-Kallela travelled widely ...
Albertists
Followers of Albertus Magnus, mentor of Thomas Aquinas. Albert had been particularly receptive to Aristotelianism, though he was also influenced by Neoplatonism. He insisted on the importance of ...
Alberto Bevilacqua
(1934– ).Novelist who is also a prolific journalist and cinema director. He achieved widespread popularity with La califfa (1964), which he adapted as his first film in 1966. His numerous ...
Anna Maria Ortese
(1914–98).Novelist. Born in Rome, she spent much of her life in Naples, where she played an active part in literary culture, particularly in the years immediately following World War ...
Anne Fine
(1947– )OBE, FRSL, born in Leicester, educated at the University of Warwick. The second children's laureate (2001–3), she has written over 50 books, beginning with The Summer House Loon (1978). ...
Anne Pilling
(1944–), British writer who was an English teacher before turning to full-time writing in 1981. Pilling coedited the Kingfisher Treasury of Bible Stories (2000) and retold two collections of creation ...
Anselm of Laon
(d. 1117), theologian. He taught in the cathedral school at Laon. His lectures on the Bible discussed points of interest as they arose; after his death these lectures were reworked and enlarged into ...
anticlimax
In drama and narratives, an event or revelation that either does not live up to expectations, or diminishes the impact of what has gone before. The shift in tone signalled by an anticlimax can be ...
Antonio Fogazzaro
(1842–1911)Italian novelist and essayist. His humour and powers of characterization are at their best in Piccolo mondo antico (1895: The Little World of the Past), set north of Lake ...
Appointment of Justices
The appointment of Justices to the High Court is frequently a matter of some speculation and, given the role of the Court, its nature as a political institution, and the ...
Arthur Morrison
(1863–1945),novelist, whose ‘realist’ tales of East End life in London were first published in Macmillan's Magazine and later collected as Tales of Mean Streets (1894). He is chiefly remembered for ...
balance of power
Probably the oldest concept in the study of International Relations going back at least to the work of Thucydides. It is closely associated with both diplomatic parlance and realist theory. Its logic ...
Bianca Pitzorno
(1942–), major contemporary Italian writer for children, whose numerous novels address a multitude of social and political problems while remaining imaginative, stylish, and amusing. A left-wing ...
Billi Rosen
(1942–), writer born in Greece, educated in Sweden, and finally settled in England. Her best-known work, a realist trilogy for young adults—Andi's War (1988), The Other Side of the Mountain ...
Black Mask
American pulp magazine, specializing in hardboiled detective fiction. Originally founded (and later repudiated) by H. L. Mencken in 1920, Black Mask was at its peak under the editorship of Captain ...
Brontë family
In 1820, the Irish‐born Patrick Brontë brought his Cornish wife and six young children to Haworth parsonage, near Bradford. After the deaths of Mrs Brontë and the two eldest girls the children were ...
Bruno Cicognani
(1879–1971), Italian playwright and critic,deeply tied to his Tuscan origins, whose realism evolves into the fantastic as in Storielle di novo conio (Brand New Little Stories, 1917) and his ...
Canadian art
1. PaintingCanada's art reflects divided roots in the Catholic French and Puritan British colonies. La France apportant la foi aux Hurons de la Nouvelle France (c.1670; Quebec, Ursuline Monastery) ...
