administrative law
The branch of public law governing the exercise of powers and duties by public authorities. It is particularly concerned with the control of public power by judicial review and by non-judicial ...
battery
N.The intentional or reckless application of physical force to another person. Common battery is a criminal offence (punishable with a fine and/or six months' imprisonment) as well as a tort, even if ...
Cicero
(106–43 bc)Roman statesman, orator, and writer. A supporter of Pompey against Julius Caesar, in the Philippics (43 bc) he attacked Mark Antony, who had him put to death. As an orator and writer, ...
civil law
1 The law of any particular state, now usually called municipal law.2 Roman law.3 A legal system based on Roman law, as distinct from the English system of common law.4 Private law, as opposed to ...
Cognitio and Imperial and Bureaucratic Courts
Cognitio is the examination and adjudication of a legal case by a magistrate. In the formula process, the ordinary legal procedure of the Republic, the magistrate's cognitio was restricted to ...
due administration of justice
A necessary feature of an executive government that complies with the main tenets of the rule of law as typically understood in public law and criminal law. These concern procedural ...
Formula
A formula was a composition of legally significant words, setting out the agenda for a Roman civil lawsuit. The formula in a particular case was constructed from model clauses provided ...
Labeo
Whose family came from Samnium in central Italy, was a leading Roman lawyer of the age of Augustus and died between 10 and 22 ad. His father Pacuvius, also a lawyer, was killed fighting for the ...
legality
(1) Lawfulness; the state of having been done according to law.(2) In public law, lawful authority for a decision or action. The principle of legality is embodied in the ...
Legis Actiones
The legis actiones is the oldest known form of civil procedure in the history of Roman law. Until the middle of the second century b.c.e., it was the only one ...
lex
(pl. lēgēs), primarily, a statute, passed by one of the assemblies of the Roman people; the lex Hortensia of 287 bc conferred the force of statute on measures passed by a meeting of the plebs, and ...
maritime law
A specialised body of law which, historically, has been administered by the admiralty courts. Its origins date back to the reign of Edward I when the jurisdiction began to develop ...
Masurius Sabinus
(RE 29),probably from Verona, a leading Roman lawyer of the first half of the 1st cent. ad. He was successful as a law teacher in Rome and counted the ...
municipal law
The national, or internal, law of a state, as opposed to international law. See also doctrine of incorporation; private law; public law.
Non-Muslims in Islamic Law
Islamic law classifies non-Muslims into three groups: those persons living outside the Muslim polity (harbī), those permitted to travel in Muslim lands temporarily (mustaʾmin), and those who reside ...
pleading
N.In colloquial usage, the claim form, defence, or other statement of case used in civil proceedings. Although the term no longer has any formal meaning under the Civil Procedure Rules, it continues ...
private law
The part of the law that deals with such aspects of relationships between individuals that are of no direct concern to the state. It includes the law of property and of trusts, family law, the law of ...
Provincial Edicts and Government
The provinciae (provinces) that made up the Roman Empire did not begin as territorial areas of administration or government, still less as areas of legal jurisdiction. In the third century ...
public authority
(in human rights law) Under the Human Rights Act1998 (s 6) “public authorities” have duties to refrain from breaching the rights in the Act and victims are provided with remedies (s 7). Government ...
real action
An action utilised in the medieval common law courts to recover a particular thing (the res). Real actions were only available in matters involving estates in land and did not ...
